YANG Xiang,YU Songlin,SUN Huimin,et al.Effects of N Fertilizer Application on Sucrose and Starch Metabolism in Vitis vinifera L. Seedlings[J].Northern Horticulture,2019,43(14):53-59.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20184685]
施氮量对葡萄幼苗叶片蔗糖和淀粉代谢的影响
- Title:
- Effects of N Fertilizer Application on Sucrose and Starch Metabolism in Vitis vinifera L. Seedlings
- Keywords:
- Victoria grape (Vitis vinifera L.Victoria); N fertilizer application; sucrose; starch; enzymatic activity
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以1年生“维多利亚”葡萄（Vitis vinifera L.cv.Victoria）幼苗为试材，采用温室盆栽试验，设置4个不同施氮量（按每盆纯氮计）处理(0 mg（CK）、150 mg（T1）、300 mg（T2）和450 mg（T3）)，研究了氮肥施用量对葡萄幼苗叶片蔗糖和淀粉含量及其代谢相关酶活性的影响，以期揭示氮肥施用量对主要光合产物积累和代谢的影响。结果表明：施用氮肥能显著提高叶片蔗糖和淀粉含量，显著提高叶片蔗糖磷酸合成酶（SPS）和蔗糖合成酶合成方向（SSs）活性，各处理SPS活性大小为T2>T3>T1>CK，其中T2、T3处理显著高于CK、T1处理，施氮量对SSs活性影响不大；蔗糖合成酶降解方向（SSd）活性明显高于SSs活性，蔗糖合成酶净活力表现为降解蔗糖方向。酸性转化酶（AI）、中性转化酶（NI）活性随时间均呈上升趋势，施氮能显著提高AI活性。不同量氮处理能显著提高淀粉磷酸化酶（SP）活性，施氮减缓α-淀粉酶（α-amy）活性的上升，T2处理增加β-淀粉酶（β-amy）和总淀粉酶活性。综上所述，施氮能增加葡萄叶片蔗糖和淀粉含量，提高蔗糖和淀粉代谢相关酶活性，促进葡萄幼苗碳水化合物的积累和代谢，其中T2处理效果较优。
- Abstract:
- The seedlings 1-year-old grape(Vitis vinifera L.cv.Victoria) were used as test materials，four different nitrogen application rates (based on pure nitrogen per pot) were used in the greenhouse pot experiment(0 mg (CK),150 mg (T1),300 mg (T2) and 450 mg (T3)),respectively,the effects of nitrogen application rate on sucrose and starch content and metabolism-related enzyme activities in grape seedling leaves were studied,in order to reveal the effect of N application rate on the accumulation and metabolism of main photosynthetic products.The results showed that the application of N fertilizer could significantly increase the content of sucrose and starch in leaves,and significantly increase the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose synthase synthesis (SSs).The activities of SPS decreased in the order T2>T3>T1>CK.T2 and T3 were significantly higher than CK and T1.Nitrogen application had little effect on SSs activity；sucrose synthase degradation direction (SSd) activity was significantly higher than SSs activity,and sucrose synthase net activity was degraded sucrose.The activities of acid invertase (AI) and neutral invertase (NI) showed an increasing trend with time.Applied N fertilizer could significantly increase AI activity.Different nitrogen rates could significantly increase the activity of starch phosphorylase (SP).Nitrogen application slowed down the increase the activity of α-amylase,and T2 increased β-amylase and total amylase activities.In conclusion,N application could increase the content of sucrose and starch in grape leaves,increase the activity of enzymes related to sucrose and starch metabolism,and promote the accumulation and metabolism of carbohydrates in grape seedlings,among them,T2 was better.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：杨湘（1992-），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为果树栽培生理与调控。E-mail:2446497816@qq.com.责任作者：郁松林（1961-），男，博士，教授，研究方向为果树栽培生理及调控。E-mail:songlin8900@sina.com.基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（31360464）。收稿日期：2019-03-05