SUN Na,WANG Yanjun,QIU Quan,et al.Application of LiDAR in Agriculture[J].Northern Horticulture,2019,43(20):150-156.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20184237]
激光传感器在农业中的应用
- Title:
- Application of LiDAR in Agriculture
- Keywords:
- LiDAR; agriculture; navigation; obstacle avoidance; phenotype
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 激光传感作为一种新型传感技术，能够通过非接触方式获取目标物形态特征。相比其它类型的传感器，该传感器具有精确度高、扫描速度快、分辨率高以及抗干扰能力强等特点。因此，该传感器已经被广泛用于农业应用研究。该研究从激光传感器的测距原理和在农业中的应用2个方面进行阐述。激光传感器的测距原理分为三角测距法、TOF法和干涉法。后2个方法的精度高，但对硬件设备的要求也相对较高，针对不同的应用场景选用合适的激光传感器可以有效提高作业效率。目前，激光传感器在农业中的应用主要包括农业机械自主导航、农田地形测绘和作物生长状况监测3个方面。农业机械通过安装激光测距仪可以帮助实现自主导航，如障碍物识别和路径规划；使用激光测距仪对农田地形进行测绘，有助于人为改善土地的平整度，从而提高灌溉用水利用率；作物在生长过程中，通过将激光传感器与其它传感器结合使用，能够实现监测作物的生长状态以便及时的人为补充作物生长过程所需要的营养物质。
- Abstract:
- As a new sensing technology，LiDAR can obtain morphological characteristics of the target in a non-contact manner.Compared with other types of sensors，it had many advantages，such as high accuracy，fast scanning speed，high resolution and strong anti-interference ability，and so on.Therefore，the sensor had been widely used in agricultural applications of research.This study introduced the laser sensor from two aspects，which were the principle of measuring distance of LiDAR and its application in agriculture.Principle of LiDAR measurement distance was divided into three types，namely triangulation，time-of-flight and interferometry.Among them，the latter two methods had higher measurement accuracy compared with the first，meanwhile，their requirements for hardware devices were relatively higher.Therefore，selecting the appropriate laser sensor for different application scenarios could effectively improve working efficiency；currently，the application of LiDAR in agriculture mainly included three aspects：autonomous navigation，topographical survey and mapping for field，and crop growth monitoring.Agricultural machinery can achieve autonomous navigation with the help of LiDAR，such as obstacle identification and path planning；based on the topographic mapping of field，we could artificially improve the flatness of the land to increase the utilization rate of irrigation water；by using LiDAR in combination with other sensors，it was possible to monitor the growth of the crop and to artificially supplement the nutrients needed during the crop growing process.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：孙娜（1991-），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为农业移动机器人。E-mail：785781566@qq.com.责任作者：王艳君（1964-），女，博士，教授，研究方向为电力系统分析与控制、智能电网。E-mail：764895320@qq.com.基金项目：国家重点研发计划资助项目（2017YFD0700303）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（61305105）；国家自然科学基金面上资助项目（31571564）。收稿日期：2019-03-13