SUN Qingyang,ZHAO Yue,ZHU Yifan,et al.Quality Accumulation of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ in Shangri-La Grape and Wine Producing Area[J].Northern Horticulture,2019,43(01):42-49.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20181629]
香格里拉产区“赤霞珠”葡萄果实品质积累规律
- Title:
- Quality Accumulation of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ in Shangri-La Grape and Wine Producing Area
- Keywords:
- Shangri-La; ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ grape; quality; accumulation law
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以欧亚种酿酒葡萄“赤霞珠”为试材，采用分光光度法，系统比较了金沙江流域和澜沧江流域不同海拔“赤霞珠”葡萄果实品质差异及其发育期品质指标的积累规律，以期为香格里拉及世界其它高海拔产区优质和特色葡萄与葡萄酒的生产提供参考。结果表明：较长的日照时长、较强的紫外辐射及较大的温差使得位于海拔2 121 m的溜筒江生产的“赤霞珠”葡萄果实还原糖含量最高（265.16 g·L-1），总酸最低（4.01 g·L-1）。另外，位于海拔2 238 m的达日生产的“赤霞珠”葡萄果实总酚、单宁和果皮总花色苷含量最高（分别为8.58 mg·g-1、11.54 mg·g-1和160.53 A520·g-1）。金沙江和澜沧江流域各产地发育期葡萄果实可溶性固形物和还原糖含量均呈升高趋势，总酸均呈先增加后降低趋势。金沙江流域（瓦卡和达日）比澜沧江流域（西当、斯农和阿东）葡萄果实还原糖快速积累期和总酸快速下降期普遍提前2周左右。金沙江流域和澜沧江流域各产地在海拔2 000～2 250 m范围内，成熟期葡萄果实中总酚、单宁和果皮总花色苷含量随着葡萄园海拔升高而升高，并均在各流域2 250 m附近的葡萄园达最高。随着葡萄园海拔再度升高，到海拔最高的阿东（2 602 m），其葡萄果实中总酚和单宁的含量又有所下降，但是果皮总花色苷没有显著变化。金沙江流域2个产地葡萄果实总酚和单宁含量在整个发育期内的积累规律与澜沧江流域4个产地不同，且达到最大值的时期也不同。可能是由于澜沧江流域溜筒江产地的风土条件与金沙江流域类似，其发育期内品质指标，特别是还原糖和总酸含量的变化与金沙江流域具有类似的模式。
- Abstract:
- Taking the ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ grape at different altitudes in different basins of Shangri-La as test materials,the reducing sugar,total acid,total phenolics,tannin and total anthocyanins content of the grape were determined from the development stage to the mature stage.To provide a theoretical reference for the production of high-quality and characteristic grapes and wines in Shangri-La and other high-altitude regions of the world,the differences in fruit quality and the accumulation law of basic quality indexes were discussed during the development period of the grape at different altitudes in the Jinsha River Basin and Lancang River Basinto provide a theoretical reference for the production of high-quality and characteristic grapes and wines in Shangri-La and other high-altitude regions of the world.The results showed that the longer duration of sunshine,UV radiation,and the larger temperature difference made great contribution to the grapes at Liutongjiang vineyard (located at about 2 121 m above sea level) with the highest sugar content,the lowest total acid.The sugar content was 265.16 g·L-1,while total acid content was 4.01 g·L-1.In addition,the content of total phenolics,tannin and total anthocyanins of the Dari vineyard (about 2 238 m) were the highest (8.58 mg·g-1,11.54 mg·g-1 and 160.53 A520·g-1,respectively) in all sampling vineyards.The soluble solids and sugar content of grape in all sampling vineyards of Jinsha River and Lancang River Basin showed an increasing trend,and the total acid content increased first and then decreased.The rapid accumulation period of reducing sugar content and rapid decline period of total acid content of the Jinsha River Basin (Waka and Dari) were generally about two weeks earlier than the Lijiang River Basin (Xidang,Sinong,and Adong).Meanwhile,the content of total phenolics,tannin,and total anthocyanins increased with the increasing of altitude between 2 000-2 250 m in both Basins.They reached their maximum values respectively at the sampling vineyards of 2 250 m in both Basins (Dari and Sinong).But as the vineyard′s altitude increased again,the content of total phenolics,tannin decreased again at Adong vineyard (2 602 m),and total anthocyanins of Adong vineyard had no significant change.The accumulation of total phenols and tannins in Waka and Dari in the River Basin during the period from four weeks to 16 weeks after flowering was different from the Lancang River Basin,and the period during which the maximum was reached was also different.This might be due to the fact that the terroir of the Liutongjiang vineyard in Lancang River Basin was similar to those in the Jinsha River Basin,the quality indexes,especially the reducing sugar and total acid,had a similar accumulated pattern during the development period.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：孙庆扬（1988-），女，博士研究生，研究方向为葡萄与葡萄酒风味物质。E-mail：1009058695@qq.com.责任作者：何霞红（1975-），女，博士，教授，研究方向为农业生物多样性。E-mail：hexiahong@hotmail.com.基金项目：云南省院士探索资助项目（2018HA009）。收稿日期：2018-07-24