LI Yin-fang,PAN Bo-rong,SUN Yong-qiang,et al.The Cost Calculation of Different Coverings for Fruit Trees’ Overwintering[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(14):197-200.
果树越冬不同覆盖方法的成本计算
- Title:
- The Cost Calculation of Different Coverings for Fruit Trees’ Overwintering
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2012)14-0197-04
- Keywords:
- fruit tree; overwintering; coverage; covering; cost
- 分类号:
- S 605
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为减轻果树越冬掩埋的劳动强度，推广塑料膜防寒覆盖法，对土埋和白塑料布、黑塑料布、彩条布覆盖的劳动力和材料成本进行了对比分析。结果表明：蟠桃土埋法需要强壮劳动力1 700元/667m2，塑料薄膜法只需要强壮劳动力450元/667m2；加材料费合计：白塑料布单层覆盖690.0元/667m2，双层覆盖930.0元/667m2；黑塑料布单层覆盖814.8元/667m2，双层覆盖1 179.6元/667m2；彩条布单层覆盖862.8元/667m2，双层覆盖1 275.6元/667m2。葡萄土埋法需要强壮劳动力2.92元/m；塑料薄膜法只需要强壮劳动力0.74元/m，加材料费合计：白塑料布单层覆盖1.24元/m，双层覆盖1.74元/m；黑塑料布单层覆盖1.50元/m，双层覆盖2.26元/m；彩条布单层覆盖1.60元/m，双层覆盖2.46元/m。塑料薄膜法比土埋法便宜，其中白塑料布更便宜。同时提出，在环塔里木主产区和吐哈区的暖温带，应该根据气象部门秋季的长期天气预报，一般年份用单层覆盖都能安全越冬，预报寒冬的年份，应该进行双层覆盖。在中温带的北疆沿天山一带产区，也应根据气象部门秋季的长期天气预报，一般年份用单层覆盖都能安全越冬，预报寒冬或者晚降雪的年份，应该进行双层覆盖。
- Abstract:
- To alleviate the work strength and popularize the plastic sheeting covering for overwintering，the labor and material costing of burying，white，black or color plastic sheeting covering were compared.The results showed that for flat peach，the labor cost of mud burying was 17 00 RMB/667m2，it was only 450 RMB/667m2 of plastic sheeting covering，the overall cost of white，black and color plastic sheeting with single-deck were 690.0，814.8，862.8 RMB/667m2，respectively，it would cost 930.0，1 179.6，1 275.6 RMB/667m2 for double-deck，respectively.For grape，the labor cost of mud burying was 2.92 RMB/m，it was only 0.74 RMB/m of plastic sheeting covering，the overall cost of white，black and color plastic sheeting with single-deck were 1.24，1.50，1.60 RMB/m，respectively，it would cost 1.74，2.26，2.46 RMB/m for double-deck，respectively.The cost of plastic sheeting covering was cheaper that the mud burying，the white plastic sheeting covering would cost the least.And identified that the single-deck plastic sheeting covering should be used in normal years and the double-deck in cold years according to the autumn long-term forecast in Tarim and warm temperate zone in Tuha district，however，in mid-temperature zone of Tianshan Mountain in Northern Xinjiang，the single-deck plastic sheeting covering could work well in normal years and double-deck should be used in cold years or with late snow.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：李银芳(1950-)，男，河北灵寿人，本科，研究员，现主要从事林业生态学等研究工作。
基金项目：中国科学院院地合作科技支新资助项目（XBXJ-2011-042）。
收稿日期：2012-03-29