WANG Jiaomin,LYU Hailong,WEI Yongpin,et al.Effects of Nitrogen Reduction Combined With Biochar on Nitrogen Utilization,Quality and Soil Biological Properties of Pepper[J].Northern Horticulture,2026,(12):116-124.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20260094]
减氮配施生物炭对辣椒氮利用、品质及土壤生物学性质的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Nitrogen Reduction Combined With Biochar on Nitrogen Utilization,Quality and Soil Biological Properties of Pepper
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2026)12-0116-09
- Keywords:
- biochar; pepper; quality; nitrogen use efficiency; soil enzyme activity; phospholipid fatty acid
- 分类号:
- S641.3
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以“陇椒10号”为试材，采用大田试验法，设置不施氮肥(CK)，常规施氮量(N100)以及常规施氮量减氮10%、20%、30%、40%及50%分别配施生物炭(分别记为N90B、N80B、N70B、N60B及N50B)，研究了减氮配施生物炭对辣椒氮利用、品质及土壤生物学相关性质的影响，以期为农田减氮增效及辣椒产业的可持续发展提供参考依据。结果表明：减氮配施生物炭可提高辣椒氮积累与利用、改善果实品质、增加土壤微生物多样性及介导微生物群落结构，但当减氮比例过高时，土壤真菌与放线菌显著减少，土壤氮代谢酶(SUE、SNTP、NR、NiR)活性降低及果实性状较差，整体以减氮10%～30%为优适值。此外，与N100相比，N90B、N80B及N70B处理的氮肥农学效率分别显著提高16.40%、30.95%及32.91%，氮肥利用率增加5.01、7.60个及6.77个百分点；干椒产量数据表明，N90B、N80B增产1.42%、1.42%，N70B显著减产2.07%。综上，氮肥减施20%配施4 500 kg·hm-2生物炭(N80B)可提高辣椒氮利用效率、改善果实品质、增加土壤微生物多样性及增强土壤代谢酶活性，并提高干椒产量，是可行的氮肥管理措施。
- Abstract:
- Taking ‘Longjiao No.10’ pepper as the test material,a field experiment was conducted with including no nitrogen fertilizer application (CK),conventional nitrogen application rate (N100),and conventional nitrogen rate reduced by 10%,20%,30%,40%,and 50% combined with biochar application (denoted as N90B,N80B,N70B,N60B,and N50B,respectively).The study explored the effects of nitrogen reduction combined with biochar on nitrogen utilization,fruit quality,and soil biological properties in pepper,in order to provide a reference for reducing nitrogen application while enhancing efficiency in farmland and promoting the sustainable development of the pepper industry.The results showed that reduced nitrogen combined with biochar improved nitrogen accumulation and utilization in pepper,enhanced fruit quality,fruit quality,increase soil microbial diversity,and mediated microbial community structure.However,when the nitrogen reduction ratio was too high,soil fungus and actinobacterial decreased significantly,the activities of soil nitrogen metabolism enzyme(SUE,NTP,NR,NiR) declined,and fruit traits deteriorated.Overall,a nitrogen reduction of 10% to 30% was considered optimal range.Furthermore,compared with N100,the agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer in N90B,N80B,and N70B treatments significantly increased by 16.40%,30.95%,and 32.91%,respectively,while nitrogen use efficiency increased significantly by 5.01,7.60,and 6.77 percentage points.Dry pepper yield data indicated that N90B and N80B increased yield by 1.42% and 1.42%,respectively,whereas N70B significantly decreased yield by 2.07%.In conclusion,reducing nitrogen fertilizer by 20% combined with 4 500 kg·hm-2 (N80B) could improve nitrogen use efficiency,enhance fruit quality,increase soil microbial diversity,strengthen soil metabolic enzyme activities,and increase dry pepper yield,making it a feasible nitrogen fertilizer management strategy.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：王姣敏(1982-)，女，硕士，副研究员，现主要从事蔬菜栽培技术与辣椒选育等研究工作。E-mail：jmwang201621@163.com.责任作者：谢淑琴(1974-)，女，本科，研究员，现主要从事设施农业园艺工程与设施农作物技术等研究工作。E-mail：dxwjm@163.com.基金项目：定西市科技局重点研发计划资助项目(DX2025AYN010，DX2024AZ13，DX2023AZ14)；甘肃省现代寒旱特色农业产业技术体系资助项目(GSARS-03)。收稿日期：2026-01-09