LI Yongzhao,CHEN Zhili,DU Tao,et al.Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Phenotypic and Yield Traits of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Germplasm Resources[J].Northern Horticulture,2026,(17):37-44.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20260850]
甘草种质资源表型及产量性状的遗传多样性分析
- Title:
- Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Phenotypic and Yield Traits of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Germplasm Resources
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2026)17-0037-08
- 分类号:
- S853.75
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以30份不同来源的甘草种质资源为试材，采用表型多样性分析、聚类分析、主成分分析及相关性分析方法，研究了17个主要农艺性状对甘草种质资源多样性及优良种质筛选的影响，以期为甘草种质创新、优良品种选育及种质资源高效利用提供参考依据。结果表明：所有调查性状均存在广泛的表型变异，变异系数为5.70%~62.77%，其中产量相关性状（如每株果穗数、每穗荚果数等）的变异尤为丰富。基于表型性状的聚类分析将30份种质清晰地划分为6个类群，分别对应刺果甘草、黄甘草、圆果甘草、光果甘草、乌拉尔甘草和胀果甘草的种或变种，分类结果与地理来源和物种类型基本吻合。主成分分析提取的前4个主成分累计贡献率达68.38%，揭示了影响甘草表型多样性的关键性状组合（植株形态、叶片性状、荚果性状及产量构成因子），并据此筛选出18份综合性状优良（综合得分D值>0.4）的种质资源，其中包括新选育的5个品系。相关性分析表明，株高与株幅、叶片性状之间均呈显著正相关，而荚长与多个产量构成性状呈显著负相关。甘草种质具有丰富的遗传多样性，通过多性状综合评价筛选出的优良材料可直接用于育种实践。
- Abstract:
- Taking 30 Glycyrrhiza germplasm resources from different sources as test materials,phenotypic diversity analysis,cluster analysis,principal component analysis and correlation analysis were employed to investigate the effects of 17 main agronomic traits on the diversity of Glycyrrhiza germplasm resources and the screening of elite germplasm,in order to provide a reference for germplasm innovation,elite variety breeding,and efficient utilization of germplasm resources in Glycyrrhiza. The results showed that extensive phenotypic variation existed in all investigated traits,with coefficients of variation ranging from 5.70% to 62.77%.Particularly abundant variation was observed in yield-related traits,such as the number of ears per plant and the number of pods per ear.Cluster analysis based on phenotypic traits clearly divided the 30 germplasm accessions into six groups,corresponding to the species or varieties of Glycyrrhiza pallidiflora,G.korshinskyi,G.squamulosa,G.glabra,G.uralensis and G.inflata,respectively.The clustering results were generally consistent with the geographic origins and species types.Principal component analysis extracted the first four principal components with a cumulative contribution rate of 68.38%,revealing key trait combinations (plant morphology,leaf traits,pod traits,and yield component factors) affecting the phenotypic diversity of Glycyrrhiza.Based on this,18 germplasm resources with excellent comprehensive traits (comprehensive score D value > 0.4) were selected,including five newly bred strains.Correlation analysis showed that plant height was significantly positively correlated with plant width and leaf traits,whereas pod length was significantly negatively correlated with several yield component traits.Glycyrrhiza germplasm possesses abundant genetic diversity,and the elite materials screened through multi-trait comprehensive evaluation can be directly used in breeding programs.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：李永钊（1985- ），男，硕士，高级农艺师，现主要从事高素质农民教育及培训等研究工作。E-mail：316209572@qq.com.责任作者：杜弢（1967-），男，硕士，教授，博士生导师，现主要从事药用植物栽培及育种等研究工作。E-mail:gslzdt@163.com.基金项目：农业农村部：国家中药材产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目（CARS-21）；兰州市科技计划资助项目（2024-8-53）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（31960395）。收稿日期：2026-03-17