GAO Bojun,QIAO Lijuan,JIANG Bailan.Efficiency Evaluation and Promotion Strategies of Full Mechanization Production of Chili Peppers in China[J].Northern Horticulture,2026,(8):138-146.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20253548]
我国辣椒全程机械化生产效率评价及推进策略
- Title:
- Efficiency Evaluation and Promotion Strategies of Full Mechanization Production of Chili Peppers in China
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2026)08-0138-09
- Keywords:
- chili pepper industry; mechanization; labor productivity; input-output ratio; land output rate
- 分类号:
- F326.13
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 机械化作业在辣椒规模化生产及种植户节本增效中发挥了重要作用。通过国家特色蔬菜产业体系36个综合试验站434个辣椒种植固定观测点的调研数据，采用单要素生产效率分析方法，对辣椒机械化作业与人工作业的劳动生产率、投入产出率和土地产出率进行测算与比较。结果表明：辣椒机械化作业能大幅提升劳动生产效率，其中移栽、收获环节的劳动生产效率分别是人工作业的8.0、7.3倍；西北、华北产区辣椒全程机械化作业投入产出率分别是人工作业的1.19、1.07倍；从辣椒机械化对土地产出率提升的效果来看，华北产区中河南＞河北＞山东，西北产区中内蒙古＞新疆，西南产区中云南和贵州均未实现辣椒机械化作业。为加快辣椒全程机械化的应用推广，提出应加强技术指导和服务、强化支持政策及机械设备补贴、发挥新型农业经营主体的带动作用与促进专用机械研发等对策建议。
- Abstract:
- Mechanized operations have played a significant role in the large-scale production of peppers and in helping pepper growers reduce costs and increase efficiency.Based on survey data collected from 434 fixed observation points across 36 comprehensive experimental stations under the National Special Vegetable Industry System，this study employed a single-factor production efficiency analysis method to calculate and compare labor productivity，input-output ratios，and land productivity between mechanized and manual operations.The findings indicated that chili pepper mechanization substantially enhances labor productivity，with mechanized transplanting and harvesting achieving productivity levels 8.0 times and 7.3 times higher than their manual counterparts，respectively.In the Northwest and North China production area，the input-output ratio under full mechanization was 1.19 times and 1.07 times that of manual operations.From the perspective of the effect of mechanized cultivation of chili peppers on the increase of land output rate,in the North China production area,Henan>Hebei>Shandong，while in the Northwest production area，it was Inner Mongolia>Xinjiang.Both Yunnan and Guizhou in the Southwest production area have achieved mechanized operations for chili peppers.To promote the widespread adoption of full mechanization in chili pepper production，it was recommended to enhance technical guidance and services，strengthen policy support and equipment subsidies，leverage the leading role of new agricultural business entities，and advance the research and development of specialized machinery.
参考文献/References:
［1］邹学校,朱凡.辣椒的起源、进化与栽培历史［J］.园艺学报,2022,49(6):1371-1381.［2］NAGASAKI Y，NONAKA M，KAWASHIMA H，et al.Studies on machinery and facilities for various vegetable production［J］.Bulletin of the National Agricultural Research Center for Western Region（Japan），2005(4)：129-171.［3］PATES N J.Mechanization potential for expanding mid western fruit and vegetable enterprises:Master［D］.USA:Iowa State University,2013.［4］陈永生,刘先才.2019中国蔬菜机械化发展报告［J］.中国农机化学报,2020,41(3):46-53.［5］马涛.蔬菜种植机械化作业推广与应用探讨［J］.河北农机,2023(7):43-45.［6］金若成,阿德力·阿力甫,姜荣.巴州辣椒机械化生产现状及对策建议［J］.农机科技推广,2021(6):32-34.［7］邢泽农,辛鑫,刘亚忠,等.我国辣椒产业机械化现状及展望［J］.农业科技通讯,2021(6):229-230,259.［8］张子峰.我国辣椒产业发展现状、主要挑战与应对之策［J］.北方园艺,2023(14):153-158.［9］李文平,杜亚尊,李刚,等.衡水市露地辣椒机械化生产现状及对策分析［J］.农业机械,2024(1):56-58,62.［10］陈永生,胡桧,肖体琼,等.我国蔬菜生产机械化现状及发展对策［J］.中国蔬菜,2014(10):1-5.［11］杨小苗,张世才,李怡斐,等.我国机采辣椒机械和育种现状研究进展［J］.浙江农业科学,2024,65(10):2311-2315.［12］李凝,林蜀云,刘春波,等.贵州山地辣椒生产全程机械化发展现状及对策［J］.新疆农机化,2025(1):52-56.
相似文献/References:
[1]肖体琼,崔思远,陈永生,等.国内外蔬菜机械化生产技术体系研究综述[J].北方园艺,2017,41(09):183.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201709039]
XIAO Tiqiong,CUI Siyuan,CHEN Yongsheng,et al.Review of Vegetable Mechanized Production Technology System in China and Abroad[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(8):183.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201709039]
[2]张晓娟,关耀兵,吴利晓,等.萝卜机械化精量播种栽培技术[J].北方园艺,2021,(15):174.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20204443]
[J].Northern Horticulture,2021,(8):174.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20204443]
[3]史琼,吴家琪,吴滔.遵义市辣椒产业集群发展现状、路径与经验[J].北方园艺,2022,(03):131.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20213604]
SHI Qiong,WU Jiaqi,WU Tao.Development Status,Path and Experience of Zunyi Pepper Industrial Cluster[J].Northern Horticulture,2022,(8):131.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20213604]
[4]张倩男,王克雄,张晓娟,等.基于主成分分析法的甘蓝机械化移栽模式综合评价[J].北方园艺,2022,(19):1.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20220958]
ZHANG Qiannan,WANG Kexiong,ZHANG Xiaojuan,et al.Comprehensive Evaluation of the Mechanized Transplanting Mode of Kale Based on Principal Component Analysis[J].Northern Horticulture,2022,(8):1.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20220958]
[5]王明友,宋卫东,周德欢,等.露地黑木耳机械化生产技术规程[J].北方园艺,2023,(05):152.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20222767]
[J].Northern Horticulture,2023,(8):152.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20222767]
[6]周林荣,魏光兴,关晓溪.贵州省辣椒产业区域集群竞争力及时空演化特征分析[J].北方园艺,2024,(19):133.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20240163]
ZHOU Linrong,WEI Guangxing,GUAN Xiaoxi.Analysis of Regional Competitiveness and Research of the Spatio-temporal Characteristics of Pepper Industry Cluster in Guizhou Province[J].Northern Horticulture,2024,(8):133.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20240163]
[7]王东平,霍晓倩,宗义湘,等.“鸡泽辣椒”产业现状与高质量发展建议[J].北方园艺,2024,(20):131.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20240878]
WANG Dongping,HUO Xiaoqian,ZONG Yixiang,et al.Current Status and High-quality Development Suggestions of the ‘Jize Pepper’ Industry[J].Northern Horticulture,2024,(8):131.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20240878]
[8]常伟,万瑶.基于高质量发展视角的新疆兵团辣椒产业提质升级研究[J].北方园艺,2024,(23):125.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20240953]
CHANG Wei,WAN Yao.Research on the Upgrading of the Pepper Industry in Xinjiang Corps Based on the Perspective of High-quality Development[J].Northern Horticulture,2024,(8):125.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20240953]
[9]潘从钰,李晓榕,尚明瑞,等.我国辣椒产业高质量发展路径分析[J].北方园艺,2026,(4):122.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20253106]
PAN Congyu,LI Xiaorong,SHANG Mingrui,et al.Analysis of the Path for High-quality Development of China′s Chili Industry[J].Northern Horticulture,2026,(8):122.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20253106]
[10]张子峰.我国辣椒产业发展现状、主要挑战与应对之策[J].北方园艺,2023,(14):153.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20223771]
ZHANG Zifeng.Current Development Situation,Main Challenges and Its Countermeasures of the Pepper Industry in China[J].Northern Horticulture,2023,(8):153.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20223771]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：高博骏（2002-），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为农业管理。E-mail：2505787355@qq.com.责任作者：乔立娟（1979-），女，博士，教授，现主要从事农业经济管理等研究工作。E-mail：qiaolijuan820@126.com.基金项目：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目（特色蔬菜CARS-24-F-01）；河北省露地蔬菜创新团队资助项目（HBCT2024140301）；河北省设施蔬菜创新团队资助项目（HBCT2024030301）。收稿日期：2025-10-12