HU Jibin,ZHANG Yaxia,YANG Yang,et al.Multiregional Comparative Analysis of Soil Properties and Their Coupling Effects on the Quality of ‘Delicious’ Apples[J].Northern Horticulture,2025,(19):71-79.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20251339]
基于多产区比较的元帅系苹果品质与土壤因子耦合研究
- Title:
- Multiregional Comparative Analysis of Soil Properties and Their Coupling Effects on the Quality of ‘Delicious’ Apples
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2025)19-0071-09
- 分类号:
- S 661.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 选取天水、三门峡、运城、陇南和烟台5个典型产区，采用常规测定方法结合GS-MS技术，系统分析了土壤pH、阳离子交换量和有机质含量等理化特性，同时测定了果实糖酸比、硬度、单果质量及香气成分等品质指标，研究了不同产地土壤理化性质对元帅系苹果品质的影响，以期为产区栽培管理提供参考依据。结果表明：不同产地土壤理化性质存在显著差异，对果实品质具有一定影响。其中，天水麦积区伯阳镇马岘村（T1）的苹果果形指数高、单果质量大，且甜度和维生素C含量显著高于其他地区，适宜发展高品质鲜食苹果；三门峡陕州区西张村镇营前村（S1）的苹果酸度较高，适合用于加工制品；烟台招远市蚕庄镇（YA2）的苹果五棱突出，外观品质优异，具有较高的观赏价值。香气成分分析表明，酯类物质是苹果香气的主要成分，且不同产地间酯类物质含量差异显著。相关性分析结果表明，苹果香气成分及品质指标与土壤pH、全氮和速效磷含量显著相关。因此，通过改良土壤肥力、优化养分管理及栽培措施，可进一步提升元帅系苹果的品质和风味。
- Abstract:
- Five typical production regions-Tianshui，Sanmenxia，Yuncheng，Longnan，and Yantai were selected,and systematically analyzed the physicochemical properties of soil，included pH，cation exchange capacity，and organic matter content，using conventional measurement methods combined with GS-MS technology.At the same time，fruit quality indicators such as sugar-acid ratio，firmness，single fruit weight，and aroma components were measured to investigate the effects of soil physicochemical properties on the quality of ‘Delicious’ apples in different regions,in order to provide references for cultivation management in these production areas.The results showed significant differences in soil physicochemical properties among the different regions，which had a certain impact on fruit quality.Among them，apples from Maxian Village，Boyang Town，Maiji District，Tianshui (T1) had a high fruit shape index，large single fruit weight，and significantly higher sweetness and vitamin C content compared to other regions，making them suitable for developing high-quality fresh-eating apples.Apples from Yingqian Village，Xizhang Village，Shanzhou District，Sanmenxia (S1) had higher acidity，making them more suitable for processed products.Apples from Canzhuang Town，Zhaoyuan City，Yantai (YA2) exhibited prominent five ridges，excellent appearance quality，and high ornamental value.Aroma component analysis revealed that esters were the main contributors to apple aroma，with significant differences in ester content among different regions.Correlation analysis indicated that apple aroma components and quality indicators were significantly related to soil pH，total nitrogen，and available phosphorus content.Therefore，by improving soil fertility，optimizing nutrient management，and refining cultivation practices，the quality and flavor of ‘Delicious’-series apples can be further enhanced.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：胡继斌（1970-），男，本科，高级工程师，现主要从事经济林栽培等研究工作。E-mail:hujibin12@163.com.责任作者：董铁（1969-），男，本科，研究员，现主要从事果树栽培和育种等研究工作。E-mail：972465347@qq.com.基金项目：甘肃省科技特派团专项资助项目（23CXNA0038）；国家重点研发计划资助项目（2022YFD1602106）；甘肃省特色优势农产品评价-元帅系苹果资助项目（TYNPZ2020-14）。收稿日期：2025-04-10