Effects of Growing Herbage on Soil Physical and Chemical Characteristics and Microbes in Hilly Apple Orchard.Effects of Growing Herbage on Soil Physical and Chemical Characteristics and Microbes in Hilly Apple Orchard[J].Northern Horticulture,2024,(6):79-85.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20233060]
丘陵地苹果园生草对根际土壤理化性状及微生物的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Growing Herbage on Soil Physical and Chemical Characteristics and Microbes in Hilly Apple Orchard
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2024)06-0079-07
- Keywords:
- growing herbage in orchard; soil physical and chemical characteristics; soil microbe; white clover; perennial ryegrass
- 分类号:
- S 661.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以白三叶草和黑麦草为试材,清耕区为对照,采用田间和室内试验相结合的方法,研究了生草对丘陵地苹果园0~60 cm土层土壤物理性状、土壤肥力及土壤微生物的影响,以期为通过生草改善丘陵地苹果园土壤环境提供参考依据。结果表明:生草提高了丘陵地苹果园土壤含水量、孔隙度、有机质含量、pH、全氮、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾含量及细菌、真菌、放线菌的数量,降低了土壤容重,影响主要集中在0~40 cm土层,不同草种对果园土壤环境的影响存在一定差异。综合分析可知,生草改善了丘陵地苹果园土壤微域环境,尤其是对0~40 cm土层效果显著,种植白三叶草的效果好于黑麦草。
- Abstract:
- Taking white clover and perennial ryegrass were used as experimental materials,and clear tillage as control,the effects of growing herbage on soil physical and chemical characteristics,fertility,and microbes in hilly apple orchard were studied by field and laboratory experiments,in order to provide reference for improving the soil environment of apple orchards in hilly areas by growing herbage.The results showed that growing herbage promoted soil water content,porosity,organic matter content,pH,the contents of total nitrogen,available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,and the number of bacteria,fungi and actinomyces,but reduced soil bulk density.The effects of growing herbage mainly existed in 0-40 cm soil layer,and were different between the two grass varieties.In conclusion,growing herbage improved the soil microdomain environment,especially for 0-40 cm soil layer in hilly apple orchard,and the effects of growing white clover was better than perennial ryegrass.
参考文献/References:
[1]翟衡,赵政阳,王宝亮,等.世界果树生产现状与果业发展趋势[J].果树学报,2005(1):51-53.[2]李光晨,李绍华.果园土壤管理与节水栽培[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,1998.[3]HOGUE E J,NEILSEN G H.Orchard floor vegetation management[J].Horticultural Reviews,1987(9):377-430.[4]郝紫微,季兰.我国果园生草研究现状与展望[J].山西农业科学,2017,45(3):486-490.[5]周志翔,李国怀,徐永荣.果园生态栽培及其生态生理效应研究进展[J].生态学杂志,1997,16(1):45-52.[6]王迅,黎媛,赖永辉,等.果园生草对柑桔果园土壤性质与微生物群落的影响[J].草学,2021(2):61-65,69.[7]于强波,李亚东,张志东,等.地面覆盖对越橘园土壤微生物的影响[J].吉林农业大学学报,2009,31(5):592-594.[8]潘介春,徐石兰,丁峰,等.生草栽培对龙眼果园土壤理化性质和微生物学性状的影响[J].中国果树,2019(6):59-64.[9]李会科,张广军,赵政阳,等.渭北黄土高原旱地果园生草对土壤物理性质的影响[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(7):2070-2076.[10]李会科,梅立新,高华.黄土高原旱地苹果园生草对果园小气候的影响[J].草地学报,2009,17(5):615-620.[11]郝淑英,刘蝴蝶,牛俊玲,等.黄土高原区果园生草覆盖对土壤物理性状、水分及产量的影响[J].土壤肥料,2003(1):25-27.[12]惠竹梅,李华,张振文.西北半干旱地区葡萄园生草对土壤水分的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2004,22(4):123-126.[13]徐明岗,文石林,高菊生.红壤丘陵区不同种草模式的水土保持效果与生态环境效应[J].水土保持学报,2001,15(1):77-80.[14]惠竹梅,李华,龙研,等.葡萄园行间生草体系中土壤微生物数量的变化及其与土壤养分的关系[J].园艺学报,2010,37(9):1395-1402.[15]陈卫平,陆爱华,陈宗元,等.江苏黄河故道地区苹果园生草及覆盖试验[J].中国南方果树,2006,35(6):76.[16]范玉贞.梨园间种白三叶草对土壤养分与微生物的影响[J].北方园艺,2010(6):72-73.[17]王庆江,程福厚,赵志军.生草和覆盖对梨园土壤水分和结构的影响[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(9):259-262.[18]霍颖,张杰,王美超,等.梨园行间种草对土壤有机质和矿质元素变化及相互关系的影响[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(7):1415-1424.[19]吴红英,孔云,姚允聪,等.间作芳香植物对沙地梨园土壤微生物数量与土壤养分的影响[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(1):140-150.[20]杨文权,寇建村,韩明玉,等.行间种植白三叶对桃树光合生理特性的影响[J].草地学报,2011,19(5):771-775.[21]张桂玲.稻秆和生草覆盖对桃园土壤养分含量、微生物数量及土壤酶活性的影响[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(12):1236-1244.[22]谷艳蓉,张海伶,胡艳红.果园自然生草覆盖对土壤理化性状及大桃产量和品质的影响[J].草业科学,2009,26(12):103-107.[23]赵柏霞,闫建芳,潘凤荣.樱桃果园生草对土壤微生态的影响[J].西南农业学报,2022,35(4):889-895.[24]路超,王金政,薛晓敏,等.山东苹果品质发育区域化特征及其与土壤和叶片养分状况的关系[J].山东农业科学,2009,41(5):79-84.[25]中国科学院南京土壤研究所微生物室.土壤微生物研究法[M].北京:科学出版社,1985.[26]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000.[27]李发林,郑域茹,郑涛,等.果园生草栽培水土保持效应研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(34):34-39.[28]JACKSON J E,HAMER P J C,JACKSON B.Water balance and soil water relations studies in a mixed tree/grass/bare soil system[J].Meteorol Agrofor,1987(30):431-442.[29]KITAGUCHI M,YOSHIOKA S.The effects of grass swards on soil moisture and nutrients in Japanese pear orchards on volcanic ash soil[J].Bull Chiba Prefectural AG Exp Stn,1989,(30):9-20.[30]李怀有.高塬沟壑区果园土壤管理制度试验研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2001,19(4):32-37.[31]惠竹梅,李华,刘延琳,等.果园生草对土壤性状的作用研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(5):284-287.[32]陈少杰.东圳库区生态枇杷园生产模式探讨[J].安徽农学通报,2007,13(11):80-82.[33]李会科,张广军,赵政阳,等.黄土高原旱地苹果园生草对土壤养分的影响[J].园艺学报,2007,34(2):477-480.[34]丁成龙,顾洪如,刘靖,等.江苏黄河故道地区果园种植白三叶效果研究[J].江苏农业科学,2006,34(6):312-314.[35]牛自勉,李全,王贤萍,等.生草覆盖果园有机质及矿物质的变化[J].山西农业科学,1997,25(2):61-64.[36]李华,惠竹梅,张振文,等.行间生草对葡萄园土壤肥力和葡萄叶片养分的影响[J].农业工程学报,2004,20(S1):116-119.[37]袁锦鲍.橘园套种藿香蓟综合效应的研究[J].湖北农业科学,1988(3):33-35.[38]黄毅斌,郑仲登,黄秀声,等.平托花生在红壤果园的水土保持作用与综合利用研究[J].水土保持学报,2004,18(6):30-33.[39]李振吾,籍增顺.山西旱地农业高效持续发展模式研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2001,19(1):108-114.[40]孙波,赵其国,张桃林,等.土壤质量与持续环境-Ⅲ:土壤质量评价的生物学指标[J].土壤,1997,29(5):225-234.[41]刘业萍,毛云飞,胡艳丽,等.苹果园生草对土壤微生物多样性、酶活性及碳组分的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2021,27(10):1792-1805.[42]王胜永,李宝辉,赵林,等.生草对黄淮地区苹果园土壤理化性质和微生物的影响[J].北方园艺,2021(4):87-92.[43]张朋朋,王小丫,陶书田,等.果园生草栽培年限对库尔勒香梨果实形态特征和品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2021(22):22-28.[44]岳泰新,惠竹梅,张振文,等.行间生草对葡萄园土壤微生物学特征的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学报),2009,37(9):100-104.[45]杨露,毛云飞,胡艳丽,等.生草改善果园土壤肥力和苹果树体营养的效果[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2020,26(2):325-337.
相似文献/References:
[1]金震宇,邹洪涛,马迎波,等.新型退化设施土壤改良剂研制及其应用效果研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(17):183.
JIN Zhen-yu,ZOU Hong-tao,MA Ying-bo,et al.Study on the Development and Application of New Soil Amendment in the Degenerating Greenhouse Areas[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(6):183.
[2]蒙静,曹云娥,姚英,等.秸秆还田对土壤理化及生物性状影响的研究进展[J].北方园艺,2013,37(11):184.
MENG JingCAO Yun-eYAO YingANG Jia.Research Process of Physicochemical and Biological Properties of Returning Straw into Field[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(6):184.
[3]马刘峰,易海艳,司马义?巴拉提,等.不同施肥处理对喀什地区蔬菜温室土壤理化性状的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(21):171.
MA Liu-feng,YI Hai-yan,SimayiBALAT,et al.Effects of Different Fertilizer Treatment on Soil Physical and Chemical Characteristics in Vegetable Greenhouse in Kashgar Region[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(6):171.
[4]覃 娟,李 剑,刘 霞,等.甘蓝水萝卜间作对土壤理化性状及酶活性影响[J].北方园艺,2010,34(07):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201007006]
QIN Juan,LI Jian,LIU Xia,et al.Effect of Intercropping Pattern of Brassica Oleracea with Cherry Radish on Soil Enzyme Activities and Soil Physico -chemical Properties[J].Northern Horticulture,2010,34(6):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201007006]
[5]赵英男,耿丽平,李博文,等.多功能秸秆腐熟剂对设施番茄产量和品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2016,40(02):42.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201602012]
ZHAO Yingnan,GENG Liping,LI Bowen,et al.Effect of Multifunctional Straw Decomposition Inoculants on the Yield and Quality of Tomato in Greenhouse[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(6):42.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201602012]
[6]寇建村,杨文权,李尚玮,等.我国果园土壤有机质研究进展[J].北方园艺,2016,40(04):185.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201604045]
KOU Jiancun,YANG Wenquan,LI Shangwei,et al.Research Advance on Soil Organic Matter of Orchard in China[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(6):185.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201604045]
[7]王依,陈成,雷玉山,等.果园生草对土壤环境及果实品质相关因素研究进展[J].北方园艺,2017,41(19):174.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20170339]
WANG Yi,CHEN Cheng,LEI Yushan,et al.Research Progress of Interplanting Grass in Orchard on Relevant Factors of Soil Environment and Fruit Quality[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(6):174.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20170339]
[8]位杰,蒋媛,王丙太,等.果园生草栽培与利用技术[J].北方园艺,2018,42(06):197.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20172723]
WEI Jie,JIANG Yuan,WANG Bingtai,et al.Technique of Cultivation and Application on Pasture-planting in Fruit Orchard[J].Northern Horticulture,2018,42(6):197.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20172723]
[9]井赵斌,杨勇,阮小凤.行间生草对甜柿果园土壤微生物和酶活性的影响[J].北方园艺,2019,43(09):105.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20183324]
JING Zhaobin,YANG Yong,RUAN Xiaofeng.Effects of Inter-planted Grasses in Persimmon Orchard on Soil Microbes and Enzyme Activities[J].Northern Horticulture,2019,43(6):105.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20183324]
[10]韦鑫,张朝权,谢彩云,等.果园生草对梨园土壤理化性质和微生物的影响[J].北方园艺,2023,(18):79.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20224599]
WEI Xin,ZHANG Chaoquan,XIE Caiyun,et al.Effects of Grasses Cultivation on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Microorganism of Pear Orchard[J].Northern Horticulture,2023,(6):79.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20224599]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介:赵海洲(1982-),男,硕士,高级工程师,现主要从事树木育种及种苗培育与经济林栽培技术等研究工作。E-mail:zhaohaizhou2001@163.com.基金项目:山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2014CL025);国家星火计划基金资助项目(2015GA740088)。收稿日期:2023-09-05