DU Kangwu,LU Xingrong,HE Junqiang,et al.Effects of Different Soil Amendments on the Soil Enzyme Activities in the Replanted Orchard and No Replanted Orchard[J].Northern Horticulture,2024,(1):76-84.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20232044]
不同改良措施对重茬和非重茬果园土壤酶活性的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Soil Amendments on the Soil Enzyme Activities in the Replanted Orchard and No Replanted Orchard
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2024)01-0076-09
- Keywords:
- soil conditioner; bio-fertilizer; soil enzyme; soil pH; soil EC value
- 分类号:
- S 156.2
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以苹果为试验材料，采用对照（CK）、单施生物菌肥（F）、单施土壤调理剂（M）及二者配施（FM）4种改良措施对重茬和非重茬果园进行改良，研究了重茬和非重茬果园0~20、20~40、40~60 cm土层土壤EC值、pH及酶活性的变化规律，以期为当地重茬和非重茬果园新品种苹果树苗移栽和提升果园土壤质量提供参考依据。结果表明：M处理可显著提高重茬果园0~20 cm土壤pH（8.25），F处理显著降低非重茬果园土壤pH，土壤EC值与pH呈相反趋势；M处理显著提高重茬果园土壤过氧化氢酶活性32.53%；非重茬果园各土层土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶活性在F处理显著提高78.23%～167.11%、13.79%～20.68%、99.53%～156.33%，在M处理提高14.76%～84.40%、9.31%～40.35%、19.45%～158.43%。重茬和非重茬果园土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶均与pH呈显著负相关，与EC值呈显著正相关。该研究建议重茬和非重茬果园分别采用单施1 500 kg·hm-2土壤调理剂和单施1 500 kg·hm-2生物菌肥土壤改良效果较佳，不建议将土壤调理剂与生物菌肥混合施用。
- Abstract:
- Taking apples as the test material,four amendments measures were adopted,control (CK)，only application of the bio-fertilizer (F)，only application of the soil conditioner (M)，and combined application of the bio-fertilizer and soil conditioner (FM) to improve the soil EC value,pH,and enzyme activity in the 0-20,20-40 cm and 40-60 cm soil layers of replanted orchard and no replanted orchard,in order to provide reference for the transplantation of new apple tree seedlings and the improvement of soil quality in the replanted orchard and no replanted orchard.The results showed that F treatment significantly decreased the soil pH in the no replanted orchard，M treatment significantly increased the soil pH of 0-20 cm soil layer in the replanted orchard to 8.25.Soil EC value and pH showed opposite trend.M treatment significantly increased soil catalase activity by 32.53%；the activities of Suc，Ure，and ALP in all soil layers were significantly increased by 78.23%-167.11%，13.79%-20.68%，and 99.53%-156.33% in F treatment，and increased by 14.76%-84.40%，9.31%-40.35%，19.45%-158.43% in M treatment in the no replanted orchard，respectively.The soil Suc，Ure，and ALP were significantly negatively correlated with soil pH and positively correlated with EC value in both replanted and no replanted orchards.In this study，it was suggested that the application of 1 500 kg·hm-2 soil conditioner in the replanted orchard and 1 500 kg·hm-2 bio-fertilizer in the no replanted orchard，which had better soil improvement effects，and the mixed application of soil conditioner and bio-fertilizer was not recommended in this area.
参考文献/References:
［1］郭珊珊.苹果用地适宜性评价：以甘肃为例［J］.现代农业研究,2020,26(2):44-45.［2］谢洪刚,李坤.果树连作障碍机理及控制途径［J］.辽宁农业职业技术学院学报,2008，10(4):6-8.［3］范琳娟,刘奇志,王合,等.玉米-苹果轮作体系对苹果根际土壤酶活性和pH值的影响［J］.浙江农业学报,2017,29(12):2084-2090.［4］张立恒,杨凤英,马海峰,等.果树连作障碍研究进展［J］.落叶果树,2019,51(3):28-31.［5］马宝焜,徐继忠,孙建设.关于我国苹果矮砧密植栽培的思考［J］.果树学报,2010,27(1):105-109.［6］张立恒.大连地区矮化密植苹果示范园建园技术［J］.落叶果树,2021,53(5):79-81.［7］王建霞.河西地区果园土壤改良措施分析［J］.甘肃科技,2020,36(11):154-156.［8］王光飞,高晓东,马艳,等.生物有机类复合调理剂在设施叶菜障碍土壤上的应用效果［J］.中国土壤与肥料,2020(2):56-65.［9］管冠,何天养,姚锋先,等.土壤改良剂对赣南果园土壤磷及微生物的影响［J］.赣南师范大学学报,2016,37(6):88-91.［10］解开治,徐培智,严超,等.不同土壤改良剂对南方酸性土壤的改良效果研究［J］.中国农学通报,2009,25(20):160-165.［11］邓霏,呼丽萍,邹亚丽,等.EM和木美土里2种生物菌肥对苹果园土壤肥力的影响［J］.安徽农业科学,2020,48(4):146-149.［12］张蕾,吴文强,王维瑞,等.土壤调理剂及其配施微生物菌肥对设施菜田次生盐渍化土壤改良效果研究［J］.中国土壤与肥料,2021(3):264-271.［13］卢培娜,刘景辉,赵宝平,等.菌肥与腐熟秸秆对盐碱地土壤盐分及燕麦品质的影响［J］.生态学杂志,2021,40(6):1639-1649.［14］张秀志.不同施肥处理下‘蜜脆’苹果叶片营养与果实品质及土壤肥力的分析［D］.杨凌：西北农林科技大学,2021.［15］DICK R P,RASMUSSEN P E,KERLE E A.Influence of long-term residue management on soil enzyme activities in relation to soil chemical properties of a wheat-fallow system［J］.Biology and Fertility of Soils,1988,6(2):159-164.［16］CRECCHIO C,CURCI M,MININNI R，et al.Short-term effects of municipal solid waste compost amendments on soil carbon and nitrogen content，some enzyme activities and genetic diversity［J］.Biology and Fertility of Soils,2001,34(5):311-318.［17］DICK R P.A review：Long-term effects of agricultural systems on soil biochemical and microbial parameters［J］.Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment,1992,40(1/2/3/4):25-36.［18］ACOSTA-MARTINEZ V,MOORE-KUCERA J,COTTON J，et al.Soil enzyme activities during the 2011 Texas record drought/heat wave and implications to biogeochemical cycling and organic matter dynamics［J］.Applied Soil Ecology,2014,75:43-51.［19］BADIANE N N Y,CHOTTE J L,PATE E，et al.Use of soil enzyme activities to monitor soil quality in natural and improved fallows in semi-arid tropical regions［J］.Applied Soil Ecology,2001,18(3):229-238.［20］STAUNTON S,RAZZOUK R,ABADIE J，et al.Water-extractable soil organic matter inhibits phosphatase activity［J］.Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2012,55:14-16.［21］库永丽,徐国益,赵骅,等.腐植酸复合微生物肥料对高龄猕猴桃果园土壤改良及果实品质的影响［J］.华北农学报,2018,33(3):167-175.［22］索琳娜,马杰,刘宝存,等.土壤调理剂应用现状及施用风险研究［J］.农业环境科学学报,2021,40(6):1141-1149.［23］闫淑杰.现代果园土壤改良有效措施［J］.新农业,2019(17):59-60.［24］DAS SHONKOR K,VARMA A.Role of enzymes in maintaining soil health，in soil enzymology［M］.Berlin:Heidelberg,2010.［25］路文涛,贾志宽,张鹏,等.秸秆还田对宁南旱作农田土壤活性有机碳及酶活性的影响［J］.农业环境科学学报,2011,30(3):522-528.［26］冯世鑫,蒋妮,陈乾平,等.微生物菌肥对罗汉果根结线虫和土壤酶活性的影响［J］.热带农业科学,2021,41(4):73-78.［27］陈荣枢,王汝儒,孙佳豪,等.漓江流域海拔、土壤及植被对土壤养分和酶化学计量比的影响［J］.广西植物,2023,43(2):242-252.［28］崔嵘,邹莉,于洋,等.小兴安岭红松林土壤酶活性与土壤理化性质的时空变化［J］.东北林业大学学报,2016,44(8):49-54.［29］荆瑞勇,曹焜,刘俊杰,等.东北农田黑土土壤酶活性与理化性质的关系研究［J］.水土保持研究,2015,22(4):132-137，142.
相似文献/References:
[1]常梅.保护地黄瓜施用生物菌肥肥力效应研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(04):177.
[2]魏保国,王明友.生物菌肥对设施连作番茄生长及产量和品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(02):172.
WEI Bao-guo,WANG Ming-you.Effects of Bacterial Manure on Growth，Yield and Quality of Protected Tomato with Continuous Cropping[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(1):172.
[3]秦旭,张柏松.土壤调理剂在葡萄上应用效果初探[J].北方园艺,2014,38(15):179.
QIN Xu,ZHANG Bai-song.Study on the Application of Soil Conditioner in Grape[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(1):179.
[4]姜增明,费云鹏,陈佳,等.土壤调理剂在盐碱地改良中的作用[J].北方园艺,2014,38(20):174.
JIANG Zeng-ming,FEI Yun-peng,CHEN Jia,et al.Effect of Soil Conditioners on Modifying Saline-alkali Soil[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(1):174.
[5]李敏,王胜楠,邵美乐,等.生物菌肥冲施对黄瓜生长及土壤酶活性的影响[J].北方园艺,2015,39(16):153.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201516037]
LI Min,WANG Shengnan,SHAO Meile,et al.Effect of Bacterial Manure Flushed on Cucumber Growth and Soil Enzyme Activity[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(1):153.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201516037]
[6]宋计平,殷和勤,杨延杰,等.不同土壤调理剂对黄瓜生长、品质及产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2016,40(23):19.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201623005]
SONG Jiping,YIN Heqin,YANG Yanjie,et al.Effects of Different Soil Conditioners on Growth,Yield and Quality of Cucumber[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(1):19.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201623005]
[7]张 鹏,陈 友,陈 克 农.生物菌肥在大棚黄瓜栽培中应用效果研究[J].北方园艺,1999,23(06):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.199906011]
[J].Northern Horticulture,1999,23(1):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.199906011]
[8]阎世江,李照全,张治家.生物菌肥的研究现状与应用[J].北方园艺,2017,41(05):189.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201705044]
YAN Shijiang,LI Zhaoquan,ZHANG Zhijia.Research Status and Application of Bacterial Manure[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(1):189.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201705044]
[9]赵宝明,顾燕芬,赵杰,等.生物菌肥对老桃园土壤和再植桃苗生长的影响[J].北方园艺,2017,41(07):179.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201707040]
ZHAO Baoming,GU Yanfen,ZHAO Jie,et al.Effect of Biological Fertilizer on Old Orchard Soil and Growth of Replantated Peach Seedling[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(1):179.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201707040]
[10]焦永刚,郭敬华,董灵迪,等.生物菌肥对土壤生态环境改良效果[J].北方园艺,2017,41(13):135.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20164964]
JIAO Yonggang,GUO Jinghua,DONG Lingdi,et al.Effect of Biological Fertilizer on Improving Soil Ecological Environment[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(1):135.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20164964]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：杜康武（1978-），男，硕士，高级工程师，现主要从事生态治理等研究工作。E-mail：2774190144@qq.com.责任作者：许鸿（1972-），男，本科，高级工程师，现主要从事经济林建设等研究工作。E-mail：1756161311@qq.com.收稿日期：2023-06-14