ZHOU Li,YANG Feng,JIN Baocheng,et al.Influence of Different Land Use Types on Soil Heavy Metals in the Karst Mountain Area[J].Northern Horticulture,2019,43(08):110-117.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20183380]
喀斯特山区不同土地利用方式对土壤重金属的影响
- Title:
- Influence of Different Land Use Types on Soil Heavy Metals in the Karst Mountain Area
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为探明喀斯特山区土地利用方式对土壤重金属的影响，以贵州喀斯特山区林地、天然草地、人工草地、耕地和弃耕地为研究对象，研究不同土地利用方式对土壤重金属（Cd、Cr、Pb、Ni、Hg、As）的含量、分布特征等的影响，并进行污染评价。结果表明：在不同土地利用方式土壤剖面中，Cd和Pb均呈表层富集，Cr、Ni、Hg在林地、天然草地、耕地中层富集，As呈均匀分布；在各土层不同利用方式中，土壤重金属的分布无明显规律；Cd与Pb，Pb和As来源相同，pH与Ni呈极显著正相关（P＜0.01），与Pb、As呈极显著负相关（P＜0.01）；阳离子交换量CEC与Cd、Pb、As呈极显著正相关（P＜0.01），与Ni、Hg呈极显著负相关（P＜0.01），与Cr呈显著负相关（P＜0.05）。地累积指数法、内梅罗综合指数法和Hakanson潜在生态危害的评价结果综合表明，贵州喀斯特山区不同土地利用方式的6种土壤重金属元素均主要来源成土母质，除了Cd外，其它5种元素均未对土壤造成污染；人工草地和弃耕地为中度污染，林地、耕地、天然草地为轻度污染，主要是由喀斯特山区特殊的地质环境造成的Cd的背景值高引起的污染；5种土地利用方式均为轻度生态危害。土壤Cd污染需要引起注意，研究区土壤偏酸性，可考虑植物修复将重金属移除土壤。
- Abstract:
- In order to explore the effects of land uses on soil heavy metals in Karst mountain area of Guizhou Province,China.Field experiment combined with laboratory analyses were conducted in five different land use types including forestland,artificial grassland,natural grassland,cropland,and abandoned farmland.The effects of different land use types on the content and distribution of six heavy metals (Cd,Cr,Pb,Ni,Hg,As) in soil of three different depth (0-10 cm,10-30 cm,30-50 cm) were studied,at the same time we also evaluated their pollution risk.The results showed that Cd and Pb were surface enriched for all land use types,As was evenly distributed for all land use types,and Cr,Ni and Hg were enriched in the middle layer for three (forestland,natural grassland and cropland) land use types.For the distribution of heavy metals in different land use types,there were any obvious trend.The heavy metals Cd and Pb came from the same source,and Pb and As also had a similar resource.pH had a significant positive correlation with Ni (P<0.01),and a significant negative correlation with Pb and As (P<0.01).The cation exchange capacity CEC had a significant positive correlation with Cd,Pb and As (P<0.01),a significant negative correlation with Ni and Hg (P<0.01) and a significant negative correlation with Cr (P<0.05).The comprehensive evaluation of Nemerow composite index,geoaccumulation indexand potential ecological risk index results indicated,all the heavy metals,but Cd,in different land use types were from parent material and did not cause pollution.The artificial grassland and abandoned farmland were moderately polluted,the forestland and natural grassland and cropland were mildly polluted.The pollution was mainly caused by the high background value of Cd,which caused by the special geological environment of karst mountainous area.And all the five land use types had light ecological risk.Local policy makers should pay more attention to the soil Cd pollution in the Karst mountain area of Guizhou Province.The soil in the study area is acidic,and phytoremediation technology can be considered to restoration the Cd contaminated soils.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：周丽（1994-），女，硕士研究生，现主要从事草地生态等研究工作。E-mail：zligz1994@163.com.责任作者：陈超（1974-），男，博士，教授，硕士生导师，现主要从事草学和畜牧学等研究工作。E-mail：gzgyxgc3852218@163.com.基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（31560670）；贵州省研究生工作站资助项目（GZZ2017001）。收稿日期：2018-12-06