WUXinghong,ZHUQing,CHENZhenggang,et al.ApplicationoftheDistiller′sGrainBiogasSlurryin theReductionofPepperFertilizer[J].Northern Horticulture,2018,42(20):105-112.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20174727]
酒糟沼液对辣椒化肥减量增效的应用
- Title:
- ApplicationoftheDistiller′sGrainBiogasSlurryin theReductionofPepperFertilizer
- Keywords:
- biogasslurry; nitrogenfertilizer; pepper; yield; quality
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以酒糟沼液和辣椒为试材，采用田间小区随机区组试验，在磷钾肥常规施肥的基础上，设置6个处理(T1:CK不施氮，T2:化肥全量，T3:沼液+化肥全量，T4:沼液+化肥减氮20%，T5:沼液+化肥减氮40%，T6:沼液+化肥减氮60%），研究了酒糟沼液及氮肥减量对辣椒产量、品质和土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明：与CK、T2处理相比，增施沼液与减施氮肥能增加辣椒株高、茎粗；与CK相比，增施氮肥和沼液增加了辣椒营养器官质量，显著增加地上部生物量；与T2处理相比，减氮及增施沼液降低了叶鲜质量、叶干质量、茎鲜质量、茎干质量及地上部生物量，但T4、T5处理果实鲜质量和干质量显著增加；与CK相比，各处理辣椒产量增加了13.65%~27.53%，其中T3处理产量最大，各施肥处理间产量差异不显著；与T2处理相比，T3处理使辣椒还原糖、氨基酸、全氮含量显著增加，维生素C、全钾含量显著降低，硝酸盐、全磷含量差异不显著，T4、T5处理使辣椒还原糖、氨基酸含量显著增加；与CK相比，各处理降低辣椒土壤的pH，增施沼液使土壤偏中性，增加土壤中的有机质。综上，在辣椒种植中，合理施用沼液，不仅可以减施氮肥，而且能增加产量，改善品质，改良土壤。
- Abstract:
- Inordertoresearchtheeffectsofbiogasslurryandnitrogenfertilizerreductiononpepperyield,qualityandsoilphysicalandchemicalproperties,afieldplotexperimentwascarriedoutwiththetestmaterialsofbiogasslurryandpepper,therewere6treatmentswhichwereT1(CK,nonitrogen),T2(totalamountoffertilizer),T3(biogasslurry+totalfertilizer),T4(biogasslurry+fertilizernitrogenreduction20%),T5(biogasslurry+fertilizerreducingnitrogen40%),T6(biogasslurry+fertilizerreducingnitrogen60%),basedontheconventionalfertilizationwithP,Kfertilizer.TheresultsshowedthatcomparedwithCKandT2,increasingbiogasslurryandreducingnitrogenfertilizercouldincreasetheplantheightandstemdiameterofpepper.ComparedwithCK,theadditionofnitrogenfertilizerandbiogasslurryincreasedthequalityofthevegetativeorgansofpepperandsignificantlyincreasedthebiomassabovetheground.ComparedwithT2,reducingnitrogenandincreasingbiogasslurryreducedqualityoffreshleaves,qualityofdryleaves,qualityoffreshstem,qualityofdrystemandbiomassabovetheground,butqualityoffreshanddryfruitsignificantlyincreasedwiththeT4andT5.ComparedwithCK,theyieldofpepperunderdifferenttreatmentsincreasedby13.65%-27.53%,amongwhichtheyieldunderT3wasthelargest.ComparedwithT2,T3significantlyincreasedthecontentofreducedsugar,aminoacidandtotalnitrogeninpepper.Meanwhile,thecontentofvitaminCandtotalpotassiuminpepperwasdecreased.Itbarelyshoweddifferencebetweenthecontentofnitrateandtotalphosphorus.T4andT5significantlyincreasedthecontentofreducedsugarandaminoacidinpepper.ComparedwithCK,eachtreatmentreducedthepHofthepeppersoil.However,increasingbiogasslurryresultinthemoreneutralsoilandmoreorganicmatterinthesoil.Applyingproperquantityofbiogasslurryinpepperplantingcannotonlyreducenitrogenfertilizer,butalsoincreaseyield,improvequalityandsoil.Thisexperimentprovidedtechnicalsupportandtheoreticalguidancefortheapplicationofbiogasslurryreducingnitrogenfertilizerinpepperplanting.Moreover,itwashelpfulforthepopularizationandapplicationofthetechnologyofhighlyefficientcomprehensiveutilizationofresources.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：吴兴洪（1991-），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为植物营养学。E-mail：1272558843@qq.com.责任作者：崔宏浩（1986-），男，博士研究生，助理研究员，现主要从事植物营养及农业资源利用等研究工作。E-mail：cuihonghao86@163.com.基金项目：国家科技支撑资助项目（2014BAC31B01）。收稿日期：2018-02-24