WANG Xiaoqing,LUO Jun,SHI Chunhui,et al.Effects of High Temperature on Pollen Viability of ‘Zaosheng xinshui’ Pear Cultured in Greenhouse Before Period of Blooming[J].Northern Horticulture,2018,42(14):58-62.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20173786]
高温对大棚‘早生新水’梨花蕾期不同阶段花粉活力的影响
- Title:
- Effects of High Temperature on Pollen Viability of ‘Zaosheng xinshui’ Pear Cultured in Greenhouse Before Period of Blooming
- Keywords:
- greenhouse; pear; the period of before blooming; high temperature; pollen; germination; pollen tube
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以大棚‘早生新水’露白期和白蕾期的花枝为试材，在25、35、40 ℃下分别处理不同时间来模拟高温对花粉量和花粉活力的影响。结果表明：露白期，25 ℃时花粉量没有明显变化，花粉萌发率增加53%以上；35 ℃高温下花粉量增加多达46%，每花药为5 000粒，花粉萌发率也较高；40 ℃高温下花粉量、花粉萌发率处理2 h之后就显著下降。白蕾期比露白期的花粉量多，25 ℃时花粉量没有明显变化，而花粉萌发率处理6 h后升高；35 ℃高温下花粉量明显减少，每花药为2 000粒，花粉萌发率在处理6 h后急剧下降；40 ℃高温下花粉量和花粉萌发率均显著下降。不同温度处理后，将花枝在25 ℃进行修复试验（处理4 h）。不同处理修复前和修复后的花粉萌发率变化不明显，因此高温对不同时期花粉活力的影响均不可逆转。与花粉量、花粉萌发率相比，高温对花粉管生长影响小。因此，在设施栽培过程中应严格管控花期的温度，尽量避免35 ℃以上高温长时间出现。
- Abstract:
- Flowering branches at earliest and earlier before period of blooming of ‘Zaosheng xinshui’ pear grown in greenhouse were taken as material for studying.After treated the flowering branches at 25 ℃，35 ℃ and 40 ℃ for different times，the pollen quantity and pollen viability were analyzed.The results showed that,at the earliest period before blooming the pollen quantity maintained or was less increased while the pollen germination rate was increased 53% at lest or above for under 25 ℃compared to room temperature treatment (about 20 ℃)；at 35 ℃，pollen quantity was increased for 46% (5 000 grains per anther) and pollen germination rate the latter was also high for 35 ℃；but pollen quantity and pollen germination rate both of them were all reduced when treated after 2 hours for 40 ℃，at the earliest period before blooming.During the earlier period before blooming，pollen quantity was more than that in the earliest period before blooming.At 25 ℃，pollen quantity was no difference and pollen germination rate was increased after 6 hous；meanwhile pollen quantity was significantly decreased to 2 000 grains per anther at 35 ℃ and the pollen germination rate was sharply declined after 6 hous；whereas pollen quantity and pollen viability were all significantly reduced at 40 ℃.After treatments under different temperatures，the flowering branches were used for restoration at 25 ℃ for 4 hous.After restoration，the pollen germination rates of all treatments were not changed compared with before restoration，indicating that effect of high temperature on the pernicious pollen was irreversible.Compared with pollen quantity and pollen germination rate，the pollen tube growth was less influenced by high temperature.From this study，it was suggested that the temperature in greenhouse during the period of before blooming need to be well controlled and the long high temperature above 35 ℃ needed to be avoided.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：王晓庆（1981-），女，山西大同人，硕士，助理研究员，现主要从事梨树栽培与生理等研究工作。E-mail：87531485@qq.com.责任作者：骆军（1971-），男，浙江富阳人，本科，研究员，现主要从事梨树育种与栽培等研究工作。E-mail：luojun@saas.sh.cn.基金项目：上海市果业产业技术体系资助项目(沪农科产字（2017）第7号)；国家科技部星火计划资助项目(2012GA680002)；上海市种业发展资助项目(沪农科种字(2017)第3-2号)。收稿日期：2018-02-05