ZHANG Yifan,CHEN Lin,YANG Xinguo,et al.Effects of Grazing and Fencing on Soil Physicochemical Properties in Desert Grassland[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(01):171-176.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201701038]
围封与放牧对荒漠草原土壤理化性质的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Grazing and Fencing on Soil Physicochemical Properties in Desert Grassland
- Keywords:
- enclosure; grazing; soil physical and chemical properties
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以宁夏盐池典型荒漠草原为研究对象，选择围栏封育区和围栏外放牧区的芨芨草群落和沙蒿群落，研究围封与放牧区2种群落草地的含水量、pH及土壤理化性质的变化。结果表明：放牧干扰对荒漠草原土壤水分和pH均表现出显著影响（P＜0.05），沙蒿群落土壤含水量各层在放牧干扰下比围栏区相应高12.0%、12.3%和16.6%，芨芨草群落各层均表现为围封区含水量大于放牧区，放牧区土壤pH明显低于围封区；除速效磷(AP)以外，其它养分元素含量均呈现为围封区大于放牧区，围封内外土壤的有机碳（SOC）、全氮（TN）、速效氮(AN)、速效磷(AP)、速效钾(AK)的达到差异显著水平，对全磷（TP）、全钾（TK）的影响不明显；芨芨草群落各层土壤各指标含量均比沙蒿高，同时相对增幅也大。
- Abstract:
- Taking the typical desert steppe in Yanchi of Ningxia as the research object，by selecting Achnatherum splendens and Artemisia desertorum community in enclosure and fence grazing areas，in order to research the change regulation of the water content，pH and the physicochemical properties in two communities of grassland fencing and grazing areas，the physicochemical properties of water content，pH and the change of soil.The results showed that the disturbance of grazing make a significant effect on soil water content and pH of desert steppe(P<0.05)，the soil water content of each soil layer in Artemisia desertorum community under the disturbance of grazing were 12.0%，12.3% and 16.6% higher than fencing area correspondingly，while as Achnatherum splendens community，the water content of each soil layer in fencing area were higher than that in grazing area；the change regulation of soil pH was consistent with the water content；in addition to the available phosphorus(AP),the content of other soil nutrient elements in enclosing area were higher than that in grazing area；furthermore，the soil organic carbon(SOC)，total nitrogen(TN)，available nitrogen(AN)，available phosphorus(AP) and available potassium(AK) had significant difference between enclosing and grazing area，while which made no obvious effect on total phosphorus (TP) and total potassium(TK)；the soil element of each soil layers in Achnatherum splendens community were higher than Artemisia desertorum community，while the relative increase was also large.
参考文献/References:
[1]张强,赵雪,赵哈林.中国沙区草地[M].北京:气象出版社,1998:1-2. [2]苏永中,赵哈林.持续放牧和围封对科尔沁退化沙地草地碳截存的影响[J].环境科学,2003,24(4):23-28. [3]单贵莲,徐柱,宁发,等.围封年限对典型草原植被与土壤特征的影响[J].草业学报,2009,18(2):3-10. [4]李新荣,张志山,王新平,等.干旱区土壤-植被系统恢复的生态水文学研究进展[J].中国沙漠,2009,29(5):845-852. [5]MEISSNER R A,FACELLI J M.Effects of sheep exclusion on the soil seed bank and annual vegetation in chenopod shrublands of south Australia[J].Journal of Arid Environments,1999,42(2):117-128. [6]王彦荣,曾彦军,付华,等.过牧及封育对红砂荒漠植被演替的影响[J].中国沙漠,2002,22(4):321-327. [7]周华坤,周立,刘伟,等.封育措施对退化与未退化矮嵩草草甸的影响[J].中国草地,2003,25(5):15-22. [8]闫玉春,唐海萍,辛晓平,等.围封对草地的影响研究进展[J].生态学报,2009,29(9):5039-5046. [9]陈佐忠.内蒙古草原生态系统退化与围封转移[R].曾经草原：内蒙古旅游文化节系列讲座,2003. [10]李政海,王炜,刘钟龄.退化草原围封恢复过程中草场质量动态的研究[J].内蒙古大学学报,1995,26(3):334-338. [11]张奎壁,邹受益.治沙原理与技术[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1989:35-44. [12]黄培祐.干旱区免灌植被及其恢复[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:30-90. [13]赵丽娅,赵哈林.我国沙漠化过程中的植被演替研究概述[J].中国沙漠,2000,20(增刊):7-14. [14]萨仁高娃,曹芙,敖特根,等.短期放牧强度对典型草原土壤理化性质的影响[J].内蒙古农业大学学报,2014,35(5):75-79. [15]萨仁高娃,曹芙,敖特根,等.短期放牧强度对典型草原土壤有机碳（SOC）及pH的影响[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2014,35(3):5-7. [16]王蕙,王辉,黄蓉,等.不同封育管理对沙质草地土壤与植被特征的影响[J].草业学报,2012,21(6):15-22. [17]董自红,蒋平安,程路明,等.围栏对新疆山区草地土壤碳氮的影响[J].新疆农业大学报,2006,29(1):31-35. [18]孙宗玖,安沙舟,段娇娇.围栏封育对新疆蒿类荒漠草地植被及土壤养分的影响[J].干旱区研究,2009,26(6):877-882. [19]SANDOR M A.MAXI M.Consideration soncerning tjerole and functions of soil biodiversity in econsystems[J].Proenvironment Promediu,2008(1):44-53. [20]孙海燕,万书波,李林,等.放牧对荒漠草原土壤养分及微生物量的影响[J].水土保持通报,2015,35(2):82-93. [21]魏伯平,赵生国,焦婷.放牧对温性荒漠草原植物群落及草地土壤肥力的影响[J].草地学报,2012,20(5):855-862. [22]侯扶江,任继周.甘肃马鹿冬季放牧践踏作用及其对土壤理化性质影响的评价[J].生态学报,2003,23(3):486-495. [23]王艳芬,陈佐忠.人类活动对锡林郭勒地区主要草原土壤有机碳分布的影响[J].植物生态学报,1998,22(6):545-551. [24]丁海君,韩国栋,王忠武,等.短花针茅荒漠草原不同载畜率对土壤的影响[J].中国农业生态学报,2016,24(4):524-531. [25]贾树海,王春枝.放牧强度和时期对内蒙古草原土壤压实效应的研究[J].草地学报,1999,7(3):217-222. [26]姚爱兴,王培.不同放牧强度下奶牛对多年生黑麦草/白三叶草地土壤特性的影响[J].草地学报,1995,3(3):181-189. [27]刘建,张克斌,程中秋,等.围栏封育对沙化草地植被及土壤特性的影响[J].水土保持通报,2011,31(4):180-184. [28]高月娥,杨国荣.北亚热带区草地放牧系统不同载畜率对土壤养分的影响[J].中国草地学报,2013,35(6):70-74. [29]张成霞.放牧对陇东黄土高原天然草地土壤理化特性及微生物的影响[D].兰州:兰州大学,2008. [30]李建龙,许鹏,孟林,等.不同轮牧强度对天山北坡低山带篙属荒漠春秋场土草畜影响研究[J].草业学报,1993,2(2):60-65. [31]牛海山,李香真.放牧率对土壤饱和导水率及其空间变异的影响[J].草地学报,1999,7(3):211-216. [32]陈银萍,李玉强,赵学勇,等.放牧与围封对沙漠化草地土壤轻组及全土碳氮储量的影响[J].水土保持学报,2010,24(4):182-186. [33]翟夏杰,黄顶,王堃.围封与放牧对典型草原植被和土壤的影响[J].中国草地学报,2010,37(6):73-78. [34]张风承,史印涛.放牧强度对土壤物理性状和速效养分的影响[J].草原与草坪,2013,33(1):5-10. [35]乌尼尔,海棠.放牧对典型草原羊草形态特征及土壤理化性质的影响[J].内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版)，2015,36(4):71-76. [36]JOHNSTON A,DORMAARJ F,SMOLIAKS.Long-term grazing effects on fescue grassland soils[J].J Range Manage,1971,24:185-188. [37]GREENE R S B,KINNELLP I A,WOODJ T.Role of plant cover and stock trampling on runoff and soil erosion from semiarid woodedrangelands[J].Aus J Soil Res,1994,32:953-973.
相似文献/References:
[1]王颖,崔向新,金娟,等.围栏封育对典型草原土壤特征的影响[J].北方园艺,2015,39(10):155.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201510039]
WANG Ying,CUI Xiang-xin,JIN Juan,et al.Effect of Enclosed and Grazing Prohibition on Typical Steppe Soil Properties[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(01):155.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201510039]
[2]靳长青,李国旗,赵盼盼,等.围封对苦豆子群落多样性及土壤微生物的影响[J].北方园艺,2019,43(02):1.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20181722]
JIN Changqing,LI Guoqi,ZHAO Panpan,et al.Effect of Enclosure on Diversity and Soil Microbial of Sophora alopecuroides Community[J].Northern Horticulture,2019,43(01):1.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20181722]
[3]苗翻,杨新国,古君龙,等.围封对短花针茅植丛土壤颗粒组成和养分富集的影响[J].北方园艺,2019,43(09):98.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20182896]
MIAO Fan,YANG Xinguo,GU Junlong,et al.Effects of Enclosure on Soil Particle Composition and Nutrient Enrichment of Stipa breviflora[J].Northern Horticulture,2019,43(01):98.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20182896]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：张义凡（1991-)，女，硕士研究生，研究方向为恢复生态学。E-mail:18209674643@163.com.责任作者：李学斌（1972-），男，博士，研究员，硕士生导师,现主要从事草地生态学及土壤碳循环等研究工作。E-mail:lixuebin@nxu.edu.cn.基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（31460123，41101301，31260581）;教育部科学技术研究资助项目(413060)。