Biodiversity of Ornamental Plant Rosaceae Resources in Tibet.Biodiversity of Ornamental Plant Rosaceae Resources in Tibet[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(11):74-81.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201511019]
西藏蔷薇科观赏植物资源及多样性研究
- Title:
- Biodiversity of Ornamental Plant Rosaceae Resources in Tibet
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2015)11-0074-08
- Keywords:
- Rosaceae; ornamental plants; resources; diversity; Tibet
- 分类号:
- S 685.99
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 西藏拥有独特的高原自然环境条件和地理优势，为植物提供了较好的生长环境，孕育了许多具有特色的植物资源。采用野外实地踏查，采集、整理标本以及查阅大量文献等方法，对该区蔷薇科观赏植物资源及多样性进行了系统的研究。结果表明：该区共有蔷薇科观赏植物30属244种，是西藏种子植物区系中的第五大科，种数仅次于菊科、禾本科、豆科、杜鹃花科。其中，单种属有8属，占该区蔷薇科植物总属数26.67%；寡种属(含2～10种）有14属，占总属数46.67%；大型属(11种及以上）有8属，占总属数26.67%。水平分布上以藏东南高山深谷区的种数最多，有162种，占种数的66.94%；垂直分布上以海拔800～5 200 m处为主。与四川、云南的相似性程度最高。该区以伯舒拉岭以北的三江河谷地带；尼洋河、帕龙藏布流域、易贡藏布中上游及雅鲁藏布江中游地区；喜马拉雅山脉东段南翼，伯舒拉岭以西的低山地带等暖湿带生境的丰富度最高。该区蔷薇科观赏植物地理分布类型共8种和4个分布区变形，温带成分优势突出，与北温带、旧世界温带、东亚都存在着联系；热带成分次之。该区蔷薇科观赏植物以观花观果类优势最为明显。研究认为，西藏蔷薇科观赏植物资源较丰富，对西藏地区寒冷、多岩石、土壤贫瘠等恶劣的生态环境来说，无疑是丰富局部区域生态群落结构、增加园林植物种类、提高绿化率优良植物。
- Abstract:
- Tibet has the natural environment of plateau conditions and unique geographical advantages and provides a good environment for the growth of plants.It has the characteristics of plant resources.Through field investigation，collection，collation of specimens and consulting a large number of documents and other methods，plant resources and diversity of the region of ornamental Rosaceae had been conducted the system research.The results showed that the district a total of Rosaceae ornamental plants of 30 genera and 244 species，which was the Tibet flora of seed plants in fifth families and the species was second only to He Benke，Leguminosae，Compositae，ericaceae.Among them，the single species of 8 genera in the area，accounting for 26.67% of the total genera of Rosaceae；oligotypic genera (containing 2-10) there were 14 genera，accounting for 46.67% of the total genera；a large genus (more than 11) there were 8 genera，accounting for 26.67% of the total genera.The horizontal distribution in Southeast Tibet alpine valley region were the most，with 162 species，accounting for 66.94% of total species；vertical distribution in the altitude of 800-5 200 m based.And Sichuan，Yunnan’s highest similarity degree.The area to boshula north of Sanjiang Valley Niyang，Paron Zangbo River Basin；reservoir area，Yigong cloth in the upstream and middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River；Himalaya mountains west of the south wing，boshula low mountain areas with warm habitat richness was highest.The area of Rosaceae ornamental plant geographic distribution type deformation consists of 8 species and 4 distribution，temperate elements to highlight the advantages，and East Asia，the north temperate zone，the old world temperate，tropical elements exist contact；second.The area of Rosaceae ornamental plants with ornamental the fruit the most obvious advantage.Research thinks，ornamental plant resources are abundant in Tibet area of Tibet on the Rosaceae，cold，rocky，barren soil and other harsh environment，is rich in local regional ecological community structure，increase the garden plant species，raise the rate of greening good plant.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：汪海霞(1990-），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为园林植物与观赏园艺。E-mail：358789861@qq.com.责任作者：禄树晖(1973-），男，副教授，研究方向为园林植物与园林规划设计。E-mail：244437211@qq.com.基金项目：西藏自治区社会科学基金资助项目(A09036）。