WANG Junxia,HAN Guojun,WANG Longtian,et al.Effects of Coated Urea on Soil Nitrogen Availability and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Pepper[J].Northern Horticulture,2023,(13):1-8.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20224520]
包衣尿素对土壤氮素供应量及辣椒氮素利用率的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Coated Urea on Soil Nitrogen Availability and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Pepper
- Keywords:
- Keywords: sulfur coated urea; biochar; inorganic nitrogen; slow and controlled fertilizer; nitrogen use efficiency
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 摘要：以制干红辣椒为试材，采用田间试验法，研究了硫包尿素、炭包尿素和普通尿素对土壤氮素供应量、辣椒产量及氮素利用效率等的影响，以期为包膜尿素的一次性施用提供参考依据。结果表明：与普通尿素处理相比，硫包尿素、炭包尿素处理的产量分别提高17.58%和11.77%，氮素利用率分别提高9.00%、6.26%、氮素农学效率分别提高2.58 kg?kg-1和1.73 kg?kg-1，氮素偏生产力分别提高17.8%和9.8%。在一次性基施下，包衣尿素处理保证辣椒全生育期充足的土壤氮素供应量。在0~20 cm土层，与普通尿素处理相比，包膜尿素处理的土壤全氮供应量在收获期提高22.9%~24.8%；在开花期土壤硝态氮供应量提高39.3%~59.4%；在盛果期土壤铵态氮供应量提高14.4%~17.6%。同时，包衣尿素处理可以提高辣椒各生育期干物质积累量，收获期辣椒干物质积累量提高12.6%~18.6%。一次性基施包衣尿素能有效提高土壤的氮素供应量，可以促进干物质向辣椒果实的积累和转运，以硫包尿素处理的施用效果最佳。
- Abstract:
- Abstract: Taking dried red pepper as the sample material，the effects of sulfur coated urea，charcoal oated urea and ordinary urea on soil nitrogen supply，pepper yield and nitrogen use efficiency were studied by field experiments，in order to provide reference for the one time application of enveloped urea.The results showed that，when compared to the common urea treatment，the yields of sulfur coated urea and carbon coated urea increased by 17.58% and 11.77%，respectively.Likewise，the nitrogen utilization efficiency increased by 9.00% and 6.26%，the nitrogen agronomic efficiency increased by 2.58 kg?kg-1 and 1.73 kg?kg-1，and the nitrogen partial productivity increased by 17.58% and 9.78%.Coated urea treatment could provide enough soil nitrogen supply for the entire pepper growing season under a single basal application.Comparing coated urea treatment to uncoated urea treatment，the total nitrogen supply in the 0-20 cm soil layer increased by 22.89%-24.68% during the harvest period;the supply of soil nitrate nitrogen increased by 39.13%-59.84% at the flowering stage;and the supply of soil ammonium nitrogen increased by 14.04%-17.86% throughout the entire fruit period.The dry matter accumulation of pepper increased by 12.06% to 18.86% during the harvest period after receiving the coated urea treatment，which might also boost the dry matter accumulation of pepper during each growth stage.Coated urea used as a base once could significantly increase the soil′s nitrogen supply and encourage the deposition and transportation of dry matter to pepper fruits.The finest application result came from sulfurcoated urea treatment.
参考文献/References:
[1]邹学校,马艳青,戴雄泽,等.辣椒在中国的传播与产业发展[J].园艺学报，2020，47(9):1715-1726.[2]ROSSO F，ZOPPELLARI F，SALA G，et al.Effect of rhizospheric microorganisms inoculum on sweet pepper quality[J].Journal of Biotechnology，2010，150(6):273-273.[3]巨晓棠,张翀.论合理施氮的原则和指标[J].土壤学报，2021，58(1):1-13.[4]XU Y C，SHEN Q H，RAN W，et al.Content and distribution of forms of organic N in soil and particle size fractions after longterm fertilization[J].Chemosphere，2003，50(6)：739-745.[5]段路路,张民,刘刚,等.缓控释肥料养分释放特性评价及快速测定方法研究[J].土壤学报，2009，46(2):299-307.[6]GENG J B，SUN Y B，ZHANG,et al.Long term effects of controlled release urea application on crop yields and soil fertility under riceoilseed rape rotation system[J].Field Crops Research，2015，184:65-73.[7]康兴蓉,周旋,彭建伟,等.包膜尿素与普通尿素配施对稻田氨挥发的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(11):2539-2551.[8]安文博,孙焱鑫,李占台,等.不同缓控释肥对鲜食玉米产量、品质及氨挥发的影响[J].应用生态学报,2020,31(7):2422-2430.[9]IQRA G，MUHAMMAD H，MUQARRAB A，et al.Slowrelease nitrogen fertilizers enhance growth，yield，NUE in wheat crop and reduce nitrogen losses under an arid environment[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research，2021，28(32)：43528-43543.[10]王小军,张智,王春丽,等.不同新型包膜尿素对油菜产量、品质及氮肥利用率的综合影响[J].中国土壤与肥料，2022(6):129-137.[11]郭雨浓,刘宝玉,郑直,等.不同施肥对河套灌区瓜田土壤养分及甜瓜生长和养分利用的影响[J].水土保持学报,2021,35(4):230-236.[12]王晓玲,赵泽州,任树鹏,等.生物炭基肥在我国的制备和应用研究进展[J].中国土壤与肥料,2022(1):230-238.[13]ZAREABYANEH H，BAYATVARKESHI M.Effects of slowrelease fertilizers on nitrate leaching，its distribution in soil profile，Nuse efficiency，and yield in potato crop[J].Environ Earth Sci，2015，74(4)：3385-3393.[14]曹善郅,周家树,张少博,等.生物质炭基尿素和普通尿素对毛竹林土壤氧化亚氮通量的影响[J].浙江农林大学学报，2023,40(1):135-144.[15]赵杭,周旋,王艺哲,等.芦荻生物质炭基肥研制及其对水稻土氮损失的影响[J].水土保持学报，2022，36(3):319-326,332.[16]解秋,王敏,张旭辉,等.木醋液：生物质炭基肥对玉米苗期生长及氮素利用率的影响[J].土壤通报，2018，49(5):1165-1169.[17]钱九盛,谢文逸,何中华,等.施用生物质炭对桃园土壤肥力及黄桃产量和品质的影响[J].农业资源与环境学,2023,40(3):680-688.[18]张皓钰,刘竞,易军,等.生物质炭短期添加对不同类型土壤水力性质的影响[J].土壤,2022,54(2):396-405.[19]黄凯平,李永夫,宋成芳,等.氮沉降和施生物质炭对毛竹林土壤N2O通量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2021,32(9):3079-3088.[20]吴金水,林启美,黄巧云,等.土壤微生物生物量测定方法及其应用[M].北京:气象出版社,2006.[21]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000.[22]蔡威威,艾天成,李然,等.控释肥及尿素添加剂对双季稻光合特性及产量的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2018(3):54-60.[23]卢艳艳，宋付朋，赵杰，等．控释尿素对土壤氨挥发和无机氮含量及玉米氮素利用率的影响[J].水土保持学报，2010(6)：79-82．[24]刘杰云,邱虎森,张文正,等.灌溉方式及生物质炭对冬小麦产量及水肥利用效率的影响[J].灌溉排水学报，2021，40(6):59-65.[25]谢婷婷,赵欢,肖厚军,等.生物质炭添加量对贵州尖椒生长及土壤肥力与酶活性的影响[J].西南农业学报，2021，34(1):82-88.[26]武鹏,杨克军,王玉凤,等.缓释尿素对土壤和玉米植株氮素及干物质和产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究，2018，36(5):94-101.[27]牛新胜,张翀,巨晓棠,等.华北潮土冬小麦夏玉米轮作包气带氮素淋溶机制[J].中国生态农业学报(中英文)，2021，29(1):53-65.[28]石宁,李彦,张英鹏,等.控释肥对小麦/玉米农田土壤硝态氮累积和迁移的影响[J].中国农业科学，2018，51(20):3920-3927.[29]孔德杰,朱金霞,任成杰,等.麦豆长期轮作下秸秆还田对土壤碳氮组分及作物产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2022,40(5):190-200.[30]陶朋闯,陈效民,靳泽文,等.生物质炭与氮肥配施对旱地红壤微生物量碳、氮和碳氮比的影响[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(1):231-235.[31]刘益曦,袁玲,伍绍福,等.两种包膜控释尿素对水稻产量和土壤理化性质的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2015,27(7):1213-1220.[32]付永强,豆攀,郭萍,等.尿素种类与施肥方式对川中丘陵区春玉米产量及氮素利用的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2015,29(12):115-119.[33]周旋.生化抑制剂组合对黄泥田土壤氮素转化的影响及其环境生态效应[D].杭州：浙江大学,2017.[34]张莉,任建新,韩国君,等.尿素混合生物质炭穴施对土壤氮含量及酶活性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报，2020，39(9):1974-1982.[35]胡广宇,宋旸.不同热解温度园林废弃物生物质炭对设施连作番茄产量、品质及青枯病的影响[J].江苏农业科学，2021，49(23):156-161.[36]刘建萍,龙莹,李晓红,等.生物质炭施用量对大豆农艺性状和营养物质含量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2022,33(4):1069-1073.[37]诸海焘,蔡树美.包膜尿素在盐碱土壤中氮素转化及其对玉米增产效应的研究[J].中国农学通报，2017，33(4):15-20.[38]马泉,王梦尧,孙全,等.硫包膜尿素施用模式对稻茬冬小麦产量、氮肥利用率和效益的影响[J].核农学报，2021，35(4):942-952.[39]高如霞,郑晓帆,王金莲,等.马铃薯苗期氮代谢关键酶及其基因表达对聚氨酯包膜尿素的响应[J].干旱区资源与环境，2021，35(8):144-150.[40]杨昕宇,康益晨,曹莉,等.施氮与缓释尿素有利于辣椒产量及品质的提升[J].分子植物育种，2019,17(22):7507-7512.[41]满建国,周杰,王东,等.硫加树脂包膜尿素控释肥对小麦干物质积累分配及产量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(5):1175-1182.
相似文献/References:
[1]刘方,冯仕江,张雷一,等.生物质炭对喀斯特山区连作蔬菜地土壤有效养分及水分的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(07):158.
LIU Fang,FENG Shi-jiang,ZHANG Lei-yi,et al.Influence of Applying Biochar on Soil Available Nutrients and Soil Moisture at Continuous Vegetation Plantations of Karst Hilly Areas[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(13):158.
[2]孙正国.生物质炭对西瓜植株生长性质及品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2015,39(24):157.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201524043]
SUN Zhengguo.Effect of Biomass Charcoal on Growth Characteristics and Quality of Watermelon[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(13):157.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201524043]
[3]何绪生,宛甜,王安柱,等.果树修剪枝条土肥资源化利用[J].北方园艺,2018,42(09):199.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20173014]
HE Xusheng,WAN Tian,WANG Anzhu,et al.Recycling Utilization of Pruning Branches of Fruit Tree in Soils and Fertilizers[J].Northern Horticulture,2018,42(13):199.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20173014]
[4]吴琦,邵勤.施用生物质炭对不同蔬菜生长发育及重金属镉污染吸收的影响[J].北方园艺,2021,(09):1.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20203439]
WU Qi,SHAO Qin.Effects of Biochar Application on Different Vegetables Growth and Uptake of Heavy Metal Cadmium[J].Northern Horticulture,2021,(13):1.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20203439]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：王军霞（1995-），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为土壤生态。Email：1486960357@qq.com.责任作者：韩国君（1977-），男，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，现主要从事农业资源利用等研究工作。Email：hangj@gsau.edu.cn.基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（31960631）。收稿日期： 2022-11-07