YANG Hong,BAI Youzhi,GAO Wenyu,et al.Current Situation and Distribution Characteristics of Farmland Soil Nutrients in ‘One River and Two River Basins’ of Tibet[J].Northern Horticulture,2023,(02):72-79.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20221405]
西藏“一江两河流域”农田土壤养分现状及分布特征
- Title:
- Current Situation and Distribution Characteristics of Farmland Soil Nutrients in ‘One River and Two River Basins’ of Tibet
- Keywords:
- ‘One River and Two River Basins’; farmland soil; soil nutrient; soil organic matter; total nitrogen
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以西藏“一江两河流域”农田土壤为试材，采用常规定量测验分析方法，研究了西藏“一江两河流域”主要农耕区农田土壤养分含量分布特征，以期为改善西藏“一江两河流域”农田土壤肥力状况，增强土壤的可持续性提供参考依据。结果表明：1）就土壤养分在垂直剖面上的分布而言，西藏“一江两河流域”农田土壤有机质、全氮、全磷和全钾含量均表现为0~20 cm>20~40 cm；2）就土壤养分在“一江两河流域”空间分布上而言，土壤有机质含量以浪卡子县（LKZ）最高，可达(61.59±8.29)g?kg-1，拉萨（LS）最低，其值为(26.19±4.09)g?kg-1；土壤全氮含量亦以LKZ最高为（1.57±0.37）g?kg-1，桑日县（SR）最低，LKZ较SR高出了112.16%；全磷含量以尼木县（NM）最高，其值为（11.58±3.34）g?kg-1，扎囊县（ZN）最低，仅为（4.39±1.41）g?kg-1；贡嘎县（GG）的土壤全钾含量最高，其值为（10.01±2.49）g?kg-1，朗县（LX）最低，GG较LX高出105.12%。显著性分析表明，除墨竹工卡县（MZGK）外，LKZ的农田土壤有机质含量显著（P<0.05）高于其它各样地，LKZ和白朗县（BL）的土壤全氮含量与达孜县（DZ）、GG和MZGK的土壤全氮含量之间差异达显著水平（P<0.05），与其它各样地之间的差异均达极显著水平（P<0.01），NM和曲松县（QS）的土壤全磷含量均显著高于其它各样地（P<0.05），GG、曲水县（QSH）和QS的土壤全钾含量除了与江孜县（JZ）、泽当（ZD）、BL和扎囊县（ZN）的土壤全钾含量之间差异不显著外（P>0.05），与其它样地之间差异均达显著水平（P<0.05）。综上可知，西藏“一江两河流域”农田土壤较贫瘠，在今后利用和管理过程中应加强对土壤养发的归还。
- Abstract:
- With the farmland soil in the ‘One River and Two River Basins’ of Tibet as test material，the distribution characteristics of farmland soil nutrient content in the main agricultural areas of the ‘One River and Two River Basins’ of Tibet were studied by using the conventional quantitative test and analysis method，in order to provide reference for improving the farmland soil fertility in the ‘One River and Two Rivers Basin’ of Tibet and enhancing the sustainability of the soil.The results showed that,1）in terms of the distribution of soil nutrients in the vertical profile，the contents of soil organic matter，total nitrogen，total phosphorus and total potassium in the farmland of ‘One River and Two Rivers Basin’ in Tibet were 0-20 cm>20-40 cm.2）In terms of the spatial distribution of soil nutrients in ‘One River and Two River Basins’，the content of soil organic matter in Langjiaxian county (LKZ) was the highest，up to （61.59±8.29）g?kg-1，and Lhasa (LS) was the lowest，with a value of （26.19±4.09）g?kg-1.The total nitrogen content of soil was also the highest in LKZ (1.57±0.37 g?kg-1)，the lowest in Sangri county (SR)，and LKZ was 112.16% higher than SR.The total phosphorus content in Nimu county (NM) was the highest，with a value of (11.58±3.34)g?kg-1，while that in Zhacao county (ZN) was the lowest，with a value of (4.39±1.41)g?kg-1.The content of total potassium in Gongga county (GG) was the highest，with a value of (10.01±2.49)g?kg-1，and Lang county (LX) was the lowest.GG was 105.12% higher than LX.The significance analysis showed that the content of soil organic matter in LKZ was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that in other places except MZGK，the difference of soil total nitrogen content between LKZ and Bailang county (BL) and Dazi county (DZ)，GG and MZGK was significant (P<0.05)，and the difference with other land was very significant (P<0.01)，the content of total phosphorus in NM and Qusong county (QS) was significantly higher than that in other lands (P<0.05).Except that there was no significant difference between GG，Qushui county (QSH) and QS and that of Jiangzi county (JZ)，Zedang (ZD)，BL and Zabao county (ZN) (P>0.05)，the difference between GG，Qushui county (QSH) and QS and other places was significant (P<0.05).To sum up，the soil fertility in Tibet′s ‘One River and Two River Basins’ lane system was low,in the future,the return of soil nutrients should be strengthened.
参考文献/References:
[1]孙元丰,万宏伟,赵玉金,等.中国草地生态系统根系周转的空间格局和驱动因子[J].植物生态学报,2018,42(3):337-348.[2]胡明.关中灌区农业土壤肥力的时空演化:以渭南市临渭区为例[J].贵州农业科学,2012,40(10):86-89.[3]钟林忆,徐剑波,蔡德楠,等.粤北山区耕地土壤肥力空间分布及综合评价研究[J].广东农业科学,2015,42(16):37-43.[4]GUAN P T,YANG J J,YANG Y,et al.Land conversion from cropland to grassland alleviates climate warming ffects on nutrient limitation:Evidence from soil enzymatic activity and stoichiometry[J].Global Ecology and Conservation,2020,24:1328．[5]张瑞.晋西北黄土丘陵区草地植被生物多样性、功能性状和土壤因素对群落生产力的影响[D].太原:山西师范大学,2020.[6]王瑞永,刘莎莎,王成章,等.不同海拔高度高寒草地土壤理化指标分析[J].草地学报,2009,17(5):621-628.[7]KRISTOFOR R B,FAITH C,MARYA M,et al.Near-sur-face soil nutrient changes over time under native prairie and managed agriculture in Arkansas[J].Natural Resources,2020,11(6):243-256．[8]杨爽.墨脱县农田土壤养分现状与分布特征[J].中国农学通报,2021,37(22):84-89.[9]李春雨,加鹏华,王树涛,等.阜平县不同海拔梯度下耕地土壤养分现状与分布特征[J].水土保持研究,2022,29(1):197-204.[10]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:农业出版社,2005.[11]黄建国.植物营养学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2004.[12]梁玉峰,谭长银,曹雪莹,等.不同土地利用方式下土壤养分和重金属元素垂直分布特征[J].环境工程学报,2018,12(6):1791-1799.[13]孟阳阳,张永清,周进财,等.尧都区西南部褐土耕层土壤养分的空间分布特征[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2018,53(1):102-109.[14]张晓东,李忠,张峰.新疆艾比湖地区不同土地利用类型土壤养分及活性有机碳组分研究[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(5):55-62.[15]GUO L B.GIFFORD R M.Soil carbon stocks and land use change:A meta-analysis[J].Global Change Biology,2002,8(4):345-360.[16]程先富,史学正,于东升,等.江西省兴国县土壤全氮和有机质的空间变异及其分布格局[J].应用与环境生物学报,2004,10(1):64-67.[17]温延臣,李燕青,袁亮,等.长期不同施肥制度土壤肥力特征综合评价方法[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(7):91-99.[18]高祥照,胡克林,郭焱,等.土壤养分与作物产量的空间变异特征与精确施肥[J].中国农业科学,2002(6):660-666.[19]ZHANG X Y,SUI Y Y,ZHANG X D,et al.Spatial variability of nutrient properties in black soil of northeast China[J].Pedosphere,2007,17(1):19-29.
相似文献/References:
[1]胡明.现代密集型农业生产模式下农田土壤肥力质量演化趋势研究[J].北方园艺,2012,36(20):152.
HU Ming.Study on Modern Intensive Agriculture Production Mode in Farmland Soil Fertility Quality Evolution Trend[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(02):152.
[2]李鑫,王继富,陈丹宁,等.大庆市大同区四乡镇农田土壤重金属污染评价[J].北方园艺,2014,38(19):175.
LI Xin,WANG Ji-fu,CHEN Dan-ning,et al.Evaluation of Farmland Soil Heavy Metal Pollution in Four Villages in Datong District of Daqing[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(02):175.
[3]吴 琼,邹国元,史振鹏,等.北京东南郊农田土壤养分状况及空间分布特征[J].北方园艺,2015,39(23):173.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201523048]
WU Qiong,ZOU Guoyuan,SHI Zhenpeng,et al.Soil Nutrient Status and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Farmland in Beijing East-South Suburb[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(02):173.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201523048]
[4]代子俊,赵霞,石平超.湟水流域农田土壤全氮空间分布特征及其影响因素分析[J].北方园艺,2017,41(16):131.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20170507]
DAI Zijun,ZHAO Xia,SHI Pingchao.Spatial Distribution and Influencing Factors Analysis of Cropland Soil Total Nitrogen in Huangshui River Basin[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(02):131.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20170507]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：杨红（1991-），男，硕士，讲师，现主要从事高原土壤养分循环等研究工作。E-mail:hyang2016@163.com.责任作者：张红锋（1968-），女，本科，副教授，现主要从事土壤与植物营养等研究工作。E-mail:xzzhf@21cn.com.基金项目：农业资源与环境专业学科建设资助项目（藏财预支2020-001）；西藏农牧学院林学创新团队建设资助项目（藏财预支2020-11-13）；西藏农牧学院厅校联合基金资助项目（76660026）。收稿日期：2022-04-09