WU Xia,ZHOU Haonan,DU Shuangjiang,et al.Effects of Potato Onion Companion on Tomato Root Morphology and Rhizospheric Soil Environment[J].Northern Horticulture,2022,(23):1-8.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20221376]
分蘖洋葱伴生对番茄根系形态及根际土壤环境的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Potato Onion Companion on Tomato Root Morphology and Rhizospheric Soil Environment
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以番茄-分蘖洋葱伴生的栽培模式为研究对象，采用盆栽试验法，设置番茄单作、分蘖洋葱与番茄伴生2个处理，研究了伴生30 d后分蘖洋葱伴生对番茄根系形态及根际土壤环境的影响，以期为分蘖洋葱和番茄伴生栽培推广提供参考依据。结果表明：分蘖洋葱伴生后番茄植株干质量、地上干质量和地下干质量均显著增加，伴生显著提高了番茄的根冠比和根系活力，分蘖洋葱伴生番茄的根系长度、根系表面积、根体积及根系平均直径均显著高于单作。伴生番茄根系直径在0~0.50 mm范围比根长显著低于单作（P＜0.05）。根系直径在0.51~1.00、1.01~1.50、1.51~2.00 mm和＞4.50 mm范围内比根长均显著高于单作（P＜0.05）。伴生番茄根际土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷含量显著增加，而伴生番茄根际土壤微生物生物量碳/氮、碳/磷和氮/磷比显著低于单作番茄。伴生番茄根际土壤中脱氢酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶活性和土壤EC值升高，土壤pH显著降低，土壤中还原性物质积累量显著减少。综上，分蘖洋葱伴生改变了番茄根系形态，改善了伴生番茄根际土壤养分的有效性，提高了养分的吸收，促进了番茄的生长。
- Abstract:
- The companion planting of tomatoes and potato onions was used as materials with adoption of pot planting，two planting modes were set,monoculture of tomatoes and companion planting of tomatoes and potato onions.The effects of intercropping potato onions on tomato root morphology and rhizospheric soil environment were studied after 30 days of association,in order to provide reference for the promotion of intercropping potato onions and tomato association cultivation.The results showed that plant dry weight，the shoot dry weight and root dry weight of potato onions accompanying tomato increased significantly，associated cultivation significantly improved the tomato root-shoot ratio and root activity，root length，root surface area，root volume and average root diameter of potato onions accompanying tomato were significantly higher than monoculture.Compared to monoculture，the specific root length of tomato roots with a diameter between 0-0.50 mm in companion planting was significantly smaller (P<0.05)，while specific root length of tomato roots with a diameter between or at 0.51-1.00 mm，1.01-1.50 mm，1.51-2.00 mm and >4.50 mm was significantly greater (P<0.05).In companion planting，the contents of microbial biomass carbon，nitrogen and phosphorus in the rhizospheric soil of tomatoes were significantly increased，and the associated tomato rhizosphere soil microbial biomass C/N，C/P and N/P ratio was significantly lower than monoculture tomatoes.The activity of dehydrogenase and urease and alkaline phosphatase in tomato rhizosphere soil and electrical conductivity (EC) of rhizospheric soil of tomatoes were improved，while the pH and the accumulated reducing substance of soil were significantly lowered.In summary，the companion of potato onions changes the tomato root morphology，whereby the growth of tomatoes was promoted due to improved availability and absorption of soil nutrients in rhizospheric soil.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：吴瑕（1978-），女，博士，副教授，现主要从事设施园艺生理生态与蔬菜安全生产等研究工作。E-mail：wuxiaxia_2005@163.com.责任作者：吴凤芝（1963-），女，博士，教授，现主要从事设施园艺及蔬菜生理生态等研究工作。E-mail：fzwu2006@aliyun.com.基金项目：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(31801905)；黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导资助项目（LH2021C066）；黑龙江八一农垦大学校内培育课题资助项目(XZR2017-01)。收稿日期：2022-04-07