CHEN Bin,ZHANG Yulan,HAN Siqin,et al.Effects of Vermicompost From Mushroom Residue on Growth and Quality of Fruits and Vegetables[J].Northern Horticulture,2022,(05):15-23.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20213313]
菌糠源蚯蚓粪生物有机肥对果蔬生长和品质的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Vermicompost From Mushroom Residue on Growth and Quality of Fruits and Vegetables
- Keywords:
- mushroom residue compost fertilizer; vermicompost; strawberry; cucumber; tomato
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以草莓、黄瓜和番茄3种果蔬作物为试材，采用单因素随机区组方法，设置等氮食用菌菌糠源蚯蚓粪生物有机肥、等氮菌糠常规堆肥和等氮常规化学肥料（对照）3个处理，通过测定果蔬产量、株高、叶绿素、叶面积等生长指标及硝酸盐、维生素C、可滴定酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、游离氨基酸等品质指标，研究了菌糠源蚯蚓粪生物有机肥对果蔬生长及品质的影响，以期为菌糠源蚯蚓粪生物有机肥在果蔬种植中应用提供参考依据。结果表明：与化学肥料相比，施用菌糠蚯蚓粪处理果蔬的生长水平显著提高（P<0.05），黄瓜株高和茎粗分别提高11%和8%，草莓和黄瓜的叶面积分别提升了44%和11%。菌糠蚯蚓粪生物有机肥处理的草莓、黄瓜和番茄的产量均有显著提高，其中番茄产量提高幅度最大，提高了48%，草莓和黄瓜则分别增产45%和20%。果蔬品质指标含量分析结果显示，施用蚯蚓粪生物有机肥同比化学肥料能够显著降低果蔬中的硝酸盐含量，3种果蔬果实中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、游离氨基酸和维生素C含量均高于菌糠堆肥和常规化肥处理。综上，菌糠蚯蚓粪生物有机肥的施用相较常规堆肥能更好的提高果蔬产量及品质。
- Abstract:
- The strawberry，cucumber and tomato were used as test materials,a one-way randomized group method was used to set up three treatments including vermicompost from mushroom residue，mushroom residue compost fertilizer and regular chemical fertilizer (control)，with equal nitrogen.The fruits and vegetables production，plant height，chlorophyll，leaf area，and other growth indicators，as well as quality indicators such as nitrate，vitamin C，titratable acid，soluble sugar，soluble protein，and free amino acids were measured,to explore the growth and quality of fruits and vegetables with three fertilizer treatments，in order to provide theoretical evidence for their application in fruit and vegetable planting.The results showed that,application of vermicompost improved the growth level of fruits and vegetables in compared to chemical fertilizers significantly (P<0.05).Plant height and stem thickness of cucumber increased by 11% and 8%.The leaf areas of strawberry and cucumber increased by 44% and 11% respectively.The yields of strawberries，cucumbers，and tomatoes in vermicompost treatment were raised remarkably (P<0.05).In particular，the yield of tomatoes increased by 48% with the highest increasment，and yields of strawberries and cucumbers increased by 45% and 20%，respectively.Nitrate content was decreased by application of vermicompost in strawberries，cucumbers and tomatoes，and the contents of soluble sugar，soluble protein，free amino acids，and vitamin C in above three fruits or vegetables in vermicompost-treated plots were higher than those in the compost-treated plots and chemical fertilizer treated plots.Sum up all the above growing，yields and quality indexes，the yields and quality of fruits and vegetables with application of vermicompost from mushroom residue were better than those with application of compost from mushroom residue.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：陈彬（1997-），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为蚯蚓粪生物有机肥对作物品质的影响以及对土壤的改良作用。E-mail：chenbin199756@163.com.责任作者：张颖（1965-），女，博士，研究员，现主要从事分子微生物生态以及环境微生物生态等研究工作。E-mail：yzhang@iae.ac.cn.基金项目：中国科学院科技服务网络计划（STS计划）区域重点资助项目（KFJ-STS-QYZD-180）。收稿日期：2021-08-16