ZUO Jilin,HE Yichang,HUANG Jianjian,et al.Observation and Comparison of Flowering Phenology of DifferentCarya illinoensis Varieties in Western Jiangxi[J].Northern Horticulture,2022,(04):45-50.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20212959]
赣西引种不同品种薄壳山核桃花期特性观测与比较
- Title:
- Observation and Comparison of Flowering Phenology of DifferentCarya illinoensis Varieties in Western Jiangxi
- Keywords:
- Carya illinoensis; varieties; flowering; phenology
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以赣西地区6个不同品种(“马罕”“波尼”“肖尼”“金华”“卡多”“威奇塔”)的薄壳山核桃为试材，采用野外观测的方法，研究了不同品种的花期特性，得出适宜的品种配置组合，以期为江西发展薄壳山核桃产业提供参考依据。结果表明：1)6个品种雄花期12～30 d，盛花期4～7 d；雌花花期8～17 d，盛花期3～7 d；雄花散粉期4～6 d，雌花最佳可授期2～7 d；2)6个品种雄花期最长的“金华”花期19～30 d；最短的“肖尼”花期15～16 d；盛花期较长的为“金华”“马罕”“卡多”，花期6～7 d；而盛花期较短的为“肖尼”与“波尼”，花期4～5 d；“马罕”与“波尼”的雌花期最长，其花期14～17 d；最短的为“肖尼”，花期8～9 d；“波尼”“金华”“马罕”盛花期较长，花期5～7 d；“肖尼”与“卡多”较短，花期仅2～3 d；3)不同品种的雌雄花比差异显著，〖JP+2〗“威奇塔”“波尼”的雌雄比最大，约为1∶5.81与1∶6.46；4)观测5个品种的雄花散粉期和雌花可授期的相遇情况，得出适宜的授粉组合，分别为“波尼”ד马罕”、“波尼”ד肖尼”、“波尼”ד威奇塔”、“马罕”ד卡多”、“马罕”ד波尼”；“马罕”“肖尼”与“威奇塔”可做“金华”的辅助授粉品种。
- Abstract:
- Based on Carya illinoensis of six different varieties (‘Mahan’‘Boni’‘Shawne’‘Jinhua’‘Kado’ and ‘Wichita’) in western Jiangxi as experimental materials,according to the approach by field observation,the flowering characteristics of different varieties were studied and the appropriate variety configuration combination was obtained,which the scientific reference for the development of Carya illinoensis industry in Jiangxi was provided.The results showed that，1) the male flowering period of six varieties was 12-30 days and the full flowering period was 4-7 days.The flowering period of female flower was 8-17 days and the full flowering period was 3-7 days.The pollination period of male flowers was 4-6 days,and the best receptive period of female flowers was 2-7 days.2) ‘Jinhua’ had the longest male flowering period of 19-30 days.The shortest flowering period of ‘Shawnee’ was 15-16 days.‘Jinhua’‘Mahan’ and ‘Caddo’ had a longer full flowering period,which lasted for 6-7 days.‘Shawnee’ and ‘Pawnee’ had shorter full flowering period,which lasted for 4-5 days.The female florescence of ‘Mahan’ and ‘Pawnee’ was the longest,with 14-17 days.‘Shawnee’ had the shortest flowering period of 8-9 days.The florescence of ‘Pawnee’‘Jinhua’ and ‘Mahan’ was 5-7 days.The florescence of ‘Shawnee’ and ‘Caddo’ was only 2-3 days.3) The ratio of male to female flowers of different varieties was significantly different,‘Wichita’ and ‘Pawnee’ had the largest ratio,about 1∶5.81 and 1∶6.46.4) The suitable pollination combinations were obtained by observing the encounter of male flowers and female flowers in the pollination period of five varieties,‘Pawnee’בMahan’,‘Pawnee’בShawnee’,‘Pawnee’בWichita’,‘Mahan’בCaddo’,‘Mahan’בPawnee’；‘Mahan’,‘Shawnee’ and ‘Wichita’ could be used as supplementary pollination varieties of ‘Jinhua’.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：左继林(1969-），男，博士，研究员，现主要从事经济林园艺化栽培与研究等工作。E-mail：zjl691011@163.com.基金项目：江西省重点研发计划资助项目（20202BBFL63011）；江西省林业局林木种苗培育补助资助项目(2021)。收稿日期：2021-07-13