[1]简少芬,陈东亮,钟楚,等.种植密度对穿心莲农艺性状、碳氮代谢和活性成分的影响[J].北方园艺,2021,(23):106-114.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20211420]
　JIAN Shaofen,CHEN Dongliang,ZHONG Chu,et al.Effects of Planting Density on Agronomic Traits,Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism and Bioactive Ingredients in Andrographis paniculata[J].Northern Horticulture,2021,(23):106-114.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20211420]
点击复制

种植密度对穿心莲农艺性状、碳氮代谢和活性成分的影响

《北方园艺》[ISSN:1001-0009/CN:23-1247/S] 卷: 期数: 2021年23 页码: 106-114 栏目: 出版日期: 2021-12-15
Title:
Effects of Planting Density on Agronomic Traits,Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism and Bioactive Ingredients in Andrographis paniculata
作者:
简少芬1; 2; 陈东亮1; 2; 钟楚1; 2; 黄雪静3; 李万银4; 缪剑华1; 2
（1.广西药用植物园 广西药用资源保护与遗传改良重点实验室，广西 南宁 530023；2.广西药用植物园 广西中药资源智慧创制工程研究中心，广西 南宁 530023；3.广西医科大学 药学院，广西 南宁 530021；4.广西药用植物园 中国-东盟传统医药交流合作中心，广西 南宁 530023）
Author(s):
JIAN Shaofen1; 2; CHEN Dongliang1; 2; ZHONG Chu1; 2; HUANG Xuejing3; LI Wanyin4; MIAO Jianhua1; 2
(1.Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resource Conservation and Genetic Improvement,Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants,Nanning,Guangxi 530023;2.Guangxi Engineering Research Centre of TCM Intelligent Creation,Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants,Nanning,Guangxi 530023;3.Pharmaceutical College,Guangxi Medical University,Nanning,Guangxi 530021;4.China-ASEAN Traditional Medicine ...
关键词:
穿心莲; 种植密度; 碳氮代谢; 内酯
Keywords:
Andrographis paniculata; planting density; carbon and nitrogen metabolism; andrographolide
DOI:
10.11937/bfyy.20211420
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
以药用植物穿心莲为试材，采用大田小区试验，研究了4种种植密度（T1：40 cm×40 cm；T2：40 cm×30 cm；T3：30 cm×20 cm；T4：20 cm×20 cm）对农艺性状、碳氮代谢和穿心莲内酯积累的影响,以期为穿心莲合理密植提供参考依据。结果表明：随种植密度增加，植株株高增加，冠幅和叶绿素a/b下降。单株生物量随种植密度增加而下降，T3和T4分别较T1降低242%和462%；相反，T3和T4单位面积产量分别较T1提高102倍和115倍。T3、T4增加了茎秆中蔗糖的积累，但随着种植密度增加，叶片和茎秆（T3除外）淀粉积累减少，叶片总氮含量和氮代谢酶谷氨酰胺合成酶（GS）、谷氨酸合成酶（GOGAT）、谷草转氨酶（GOT）和谷丙转氨酶（GPT）等活性增加。T4条件下叶片和茎秆穿心莲内酯含量分别较T1下降了239%和389%。叶片和茎秆中穿心莲内酯含量分别与相应器官中总氮含量呈显著负相关和正相关，叶片中穿心莲内酯含量与淀粉含量也呈显著正相关。综上表明，提高种植密度促进了穿心莲氮代谢，增加了碳水化合物消耗，从而降低穿心莲内酯积累。综合考虑穿心莲产量和内酯含量，以株行距30 cm×20 cm最适宜。
Abstract:
Taking medicinal plant Andrographis paniculata as test material,the effects of planting densities (T1 40 cm×40 cm,T2 40 cm×30 cm,T330 cm×20 cm,T420 cm×20 cm) on agronomic traits,carbon and nitrogen metabolism,and andrographolide accumulation were studied,in order to provide a reference for the rational close planting of Andrographis paniculata.The results showed that with the increase of planting densities,plant height increased,but crown width and chlorophyll a/b decreased.The biomass per plant decreased with the increase of planting densities,and T3 and T4 decreased by 242% and 462%,respectively,compared with T1.In contrast,the yield per unit area of T3 and T4 increased by 102 times and 115 times,respectively,compared with T1,T3 and T4 increased the accumulation of sucrose in stems.With the increase of planting densities,the accumulation of starch in leaves and stems (with the exception of T3)decreased,and the total leaf nitrogen content and the activities of nitrogen metabolic enzymes such as glutamine synthase (GS),glutamate synthase (GOGAT),glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) increased.Under the condition of T4,andrographolide contents in leaves and stems decreased by 239% and 389% respectively,in comparison to T1.Andrographolide content in leaves and stems was significantly negatively and positively correlated with total nitrogen content in corresponding organs,respectively.Andrographolide content in leaves was also positively correlated with leaf starch content. The results showed that increasing planting density promoted nitrogen metabolism of Andrographis paniculata plants,and therefore increased consumption of carbonhydrates and reduced andrographolide accumulation.Considering the yield and andrographolide content,the density of 30 cm×20 cm was preferable for Andrographis paniculata planting.

参考文献/References:

[1]程惠珍.优质中药材规范化生产技术体系的建立及中药资源可持续利用的基础研究[J].中国现代中药,2000,2(2):19-20.[2]赵明勇,阮培均,王孝华,等.不同播种密度对药用植物金荞麦产量及品质的影响[J].湖南农业科学,2013(16):22-24.[3]李小勇,夏祥华,黄丹娜,等.种植密度对蔓性千斤拔种子产量和农艺性状的影响[J].作物研究,2018,32(4):323-327.[4]SHEN Q,QIN X R,WANG X P,et al.Effects of plant density on the economic yield and agronomic characters of Perilla frutescens L.[J].Agricultural Science and Technology,2014,15(9):1516-1520.[5]雷伏贵,曹奕鸯,李丽红,等.不同种植密度对大棚西洋甘菊发育及产量的影响[J].福建农业学报,2013,28(8):784-788.[6]胡倩倩,梁艳丽,施永琴,等.不同种植密度和施肥量对川续断生长及产量和品质的影响[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,31(6):1073-1079.[7]牛欢,谢卓宓,古力,等.林下种植密度和收获期对金线莲产量和品质的影响[J].中国现代中药,2018,20(7):837-841,865.[8]张艳丽,张重义,李友军,等.不同密度下牛膝叶绿素荧光特性比较[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(7):1089-1094.[9]赵佳冰,杜常健,马长明,等.板栗“燕山早丰”幼苗光合与碳氮代谢对干旱胁迫的响应[J].应用生态学报,2020,31(11):3674-3680.[10]吕丽华,陶洪斌,王璞,等.种植密度对夏玉米碳氮代谢和氮利用率的影响[J].作物学报,2008,34(4):718-723.[11]郭天财,徐丽娜,冯伟,等.种植密度对兰考矮早八幼穗分化和碳氮代谢的影响[J].华北农学报,2009,24(1):194-198.[12]陈超君,黄敏,尹小红,等.种植密度对广金钱草碳氮代谢和产量的影响[J].作物杂志,2008(3):62-64.[13]马冬云,郭天财,查菲娜,等.种植密度对两种穗型冬小麦旗叶氮代谢酶活性及籽粒蛋白质含量的影响[J].作物学报,2007,33(3):514-517.[14]MISHRA S K,SANGWAN N S,SANGWAN R S.Andrographis paniculata(Kalmegh):A review[J].Pharmacognosy Reviews,2007,1(2):283-298.[15]AROMDEE C.Modifications of andrographolide to increase some biological activities:Apatent review (2006—2011)[J].Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents,2012,22(2):169-180.[16]XU J,LI Z,CAO M,et al.Synergetic effect of Andrographis paniculata polysaccharide on diabetic nephropathy with andrographolide[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2012,51(5):738-742.[17]TALEI D,VALDIANI A,RAFII M Y,et al.Proteomic analysis of the salt-responsive leaf and root proteins in the anticancer plant Andrographis paniculata Nees[J].PLoS One,2014,9(11):e112907.[18]VALDIANI A,TALEI D,TAN S G,et al.A classical genetic solution to enhance the biosynthesis of anticancer phytochemicals in Andrographis paniculata Nees[J].PLoS One,2014,9(2):e87034.[19]周灵芝,黄春东,周海宇,等.不同密度穿心莲与玉米套种对产量的互作效应分析[J].广西农学报,2014,29(4):13-15.[20]SINGH M,SINGH A,TRIPATHI R S,et al.Growth behavior,biomass and diterpenoid lactones production in kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata Nees.)strains at different population densities[J].Agricultural Journal,2011,6(3):115-118.[21]ZHONG C,JIAN S F,CHEN D L,et al.Organic nitrogen sources promote andrographolide biosynthesis by reducing nitrogen metabolism and increasing carbon accumulation in Andrographis paniculata[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2021,164:82-91.[22]JIAN S F,HUANG X J,YANG X N,et al.Sulfur regulates the trade-off between growth and andrographolide accumulation via nitrogen metabolism in Andrographis paniculata[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2021(12):687954.[23]张宪政.植物叶绿素含量测定:丙酮乙醇混合液法[J].辽宁农业科学,1986(3):26-28.[24]LI Y S,MING D,ZHANG Q Y,et al.Greater differences exist in seed protein,oil,total soluble sugar and sucrose content of vegetable soybean genotypes Glycine max (L.) Merrillin Northeast China[J].Australian Journal of Crop Science,2012,6(12):1681-1686.[25]WANG Y Y,KHOO K H,CHEN S T,et al.Studies on the immuno-modulating and antitumor activities of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) polysaccharides:Functional and proteomic analyses of a fucose-containing glycoprotein fraction responsible for the activities[J].Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry,2002,10(4):1057-1062.[26]BRUYN J W D,KEULEN H A V,FERGUSON J H A.Rapid method for the simultaneous determination of glucose and fructose using anthrone reagent[J].Journal of Science and Food Agriculture,1968,19(10):597-601.[27]ZHANG C,PENG S,PENG X,et al.Response of glutamine synthetase isoforms to nitrogen sources in rice Oryza sativa L.roots[J].Plant Science,1997,125:163-170.[28]SINGH R P,SRIVASTAVA H S.Increase in glutamate synthase (NADH) activity in maize seedlings in response to nitrate and ammonium nitrogen[J].Physiologia Plantarum,1986,66(3):413-416.[29]吴良欢,蒋式洪,陶勤南.植物转氨酶(GOT和GPT)活度比色测定方法及其应用[J].土壤通报,1998,29(3):136-138.[30]BRADFORD M M A.A rapid and sensitive method for the quantification of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding[J].Analytical Biochemistry,1976,72:248-254.[31]王文平.植物样品中游离氨基酸总量测定方法的改进[J].北京农学院学报,1998,13(3):9-13.[32]吕伟仙,葛滢,吴建之,等.植物中硝态氮、氨态氮、总氮测定方法的比较研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2004,24(2):204-206.[33]程帆,刘鹏,刘地发,等.UPLC法同时测定穿心莲药材中穿心莲内酯和脱水穿心莲内酯含量[J].江西中医药大学学报,2014,26(6):56-58.[34]SESSA G,CARABELLI M,POSSENTI M,et al.Multiple pathway in the control of the shade avoidance response[J].Plants,2018(7):102.[35]赵硕,赵柯涵,陈子义,等.蕹菜芽苗菜对LED光强和光质的生长响应[J].中国蔬菜,2019(6):51-57.[36]任万军,杨文钰,徐精文,等.始穗后弱光对不同基因型水稻叶片特性的影响[J].四川农业大学学报,2002,20(3):205-208,278.[37]温冰消,刘卫国,杨文钰.植物面对荫蔽的两种策略:避荫与耐阴反应机制研究进展[J].分子植物育种,2019,17(3):1028-1033.[38]潘庆民,韩兴国,白永飞,等.植物非结构性贮藏碳水化合物的生理生态学研究进展[J].植物学通报,2002,19(1):30-38.[39]WANG M,SHEN Q R,XU G H,et al.New insight into the strategy for nitrogen metabolism in plant cells[J].International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology,2014,310:1-37.[40]吴能表,李琳琳,杨卫星,等.光强对长春花叶片碳氮及次生代谢产物积累的影响[J].草业科学,2014,31(8):1508-1514.[41]邓斌,曾德慧.植物防卫的碳-养分平衡假说[J].生态学杂志,2006,25(4):449-455.[42]朱孟炎,于博帆,陈华峰.外源硝态氮水平对长春花生理代谢的影响[J].植物研究,2016,36(4):535-541.[43]MEDINA-PREZ V,LPEZ-LAREDO A R,SEPU〖JX-+0.8mm〗〖KG-*2〗＇ LVEDA-JIMNEZ G,et al.Nitrogen deficiency stimulates biosynthesis of bioactive phenylethanoid glycosides in the medicinal plant Castilleja tenuiflora Benth[J].Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,2015,37(5):93.[44]DONG F,HU J H,SHI Y Z,et al.Effects of nitrogen supply on flavonol glycoside biosynthesis and accumulation in tea leaves Camellia sinensis[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2019,138:48-57.

相似文献/References:

[1]李 冬,代国鹏,闫菊红,等.宁夏南部冷凉区覆膜穴播压沙西芹高效低耗栽培技术研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(22):56.
　LI Dong,DAI Guo-peng,YAN Ju-hong,et al.Cultivation Technology of High Efficiency and Low Consumption on Celery Plastic Mulching and Hole Seeding Covered with Sand in Cool Areas of Southern Ningxia[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(23):56.
[2]尚文艳,许志兴,金哲石,等.决明子种植密度研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(22):167.
　SHANG Wen-yan,XU Zhi-xing,JIN Zhe-shi,et al.Research on the Planting Density of Semen Cassiae[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(23):167.
[3]岳振平.不同种植密度对早春大棚辣椒产量和产值的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(05):51.
　YUE Zhen-ping.Effect of Different Planting Densty on Fruit Yield and Output Value of Pepper in Early Spring[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(23):51.
[4]孙春青,戴忠良,潘跃平.不同种植密度对睡莲切花品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(06):70.
　SUN Chun-qing,DAI Zhong-liang,PAN Yue-ping.Effect of Different Planting Density on Quality of Cut Flower of Nymphaea spp.[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(23):70.
[5]田曦,王晓巍,张玉鑫.高海拔冷凉区西芹高效栽培技术研究[J].北方园艺,2012,36(06):32.
　TIAN Xi,WANG Xiao-wei,ZHANG Yu-xin.Study on Efficient Cultivation Techniques of Celery in High-altitude Cold Areas[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(23):32.
[6]杨 林.不同种植密度对切花白菊外观品质及产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(22):61.
　YANG Lin.Effects of Planting Density on Appearance Quality and Productivity of White Cutting Chrysanthemum[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(23):61.
[7]刘伟明,汪恩国.西兰花高产高效栽培中主要栽培因子与其生育期和产量关系的数学模型研究[J].北方园艺,2012,36(08):48.
　LIU Wei-ming,WANG En-guo.Research on the Mathematical Models Between the Main Cultivation Factor and Reproductive Stage and Yield of Broccoli[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(23):48.
[8]黎韵琪,李明,唐堃,等.穿心莲营养体的化感自毒作用研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(21):157.
　LI Yun-qi,LI Ming,TANG Kun,et al.Study on Autotoxicity of Andrographis paniculata(Burm.F.)Nees Vegetative[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(23):157.
[9]韩立军,崔爱辉,邵玺文.种植密度对黄芩生育性状和产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2015,39(02):141.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201502041]
　HAN Li-jun,CUI Ai-hui,SHAO Xi-wen.Effect of Planting Density on Growing Development Traits and Yield of Scutellaria baicalensis[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(23):141.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201502041]
[10]黄成秋,刘政国,覃海平,等.栽植密度与支架方式对节瓜产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2016,40(05):46.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201605013]
　HUANG Chengqiu,LIU Zhengguo,QIN Haiping,et al.Effect of Planting Density and Humping Support on Yield of Chieh-qua[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(23):46.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201605013]

备注/Memo

第一作者简介：简少芬（1984-），女，博士，助理研究员，现主要从事药用植物营养分子生理学等研究工作。E-mail:jsfzc2011@126.com.责任作者：缪剑华（1961-），男，博士，研究员，现主要从事药用植物保育学等研究工作。E-mail:mjh1962@vip163.com.基金项目：广西创新驱动科技发展资助项目（桂科AA18242040）；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目（CARS-21）；中国-东盟药用植物保护与开发合作资助项目（GZYYGJ2020015）；对发展中国家科技援助资助项目（KY201904001）；科技先锋队“强农富民”“六个一”专项行动资助项目（桂农科盟202011）。收稿日期：2021-04-01

更新日期/Last Update: 2022-03-16