ZHANG Lijuan,WANG Jinshan,QU Jisong,et al.Effects of Different Nitrogen Application on Growth and Quality of Protected Chinese Chive in Sandy Soil[J].Northern Horticulture,2021,(22):66-73.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20210982]
不同氮素剂量对沙质土壤设施韭菜生长发育及品质的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Nitrogen Application on Growth and Quality of Protected Chinese Chive in Sandy Soil
- Keywords:
- nitrogen fertilizer; Chinese chive; growth; physiology; yield; quality
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以“富韭10号”为试材，在韭菜定植1个月后开始每月按不同施氮梯度用量撒施尿素，缓苗后进入旺盛生长时（6个月），测定韭菜的生长、生理、产量及品质指标,研究了不同施氮量对韭菜生长、生理、产量及品质的影响，以期为设施韭菜栽培提高氮肥利用率、实现资源高效和环境友好提供参考依据。结果表明:韭菜生长的外部形态（假茎粗、叶长、叶宽、叶厚）、生物量积累及产量（第一茬）指标均随施氮量的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势。N4、N5处理的韭菜生长最好，植株鲜、干质量及产量均较高。由拟合方程得知，韭菜第一茬的667 m2最高产量及其相对应的氮素用量分别为2 591.4、18.537 kg。随施氮量的增加，韭菜根系活力呈先增加后降低的趋势，N3的根系活力最强；N4的叶绿素（Ca，Cb）含量最高，其次是N5。总体上光合色素及根系活力变化趋势与韭菜生长状况及产量变化趋势基本一致。随施氮量的增加，韭菜脯氨酸（Pro）含量、丙二醛（MDA）含量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、过氧化物酶 （POD）活性均呈先降低后增加的趋势，N4的施氮水平表现出所受胁迫程度最小。韭菜的可溶性糖、维生素C、可溶性蛋白质、可滴定酸含量均有随施氮量的增加而先增加后降低的趋势，施氮量对韭菜可溶性蛋白质含量的影响不明显，韭菜硝酸盐含量随施氮量的增加而增加，N5的可溶性糖含量最高，N3的维生素C和可滴定酸含量均最高。综合韭菜生长、生理及产量、品质指标，N4、N5的施氮量表现较好，即667 m2平均施氮量36.84~45.96 kg，可以作为韭菜温室栽培条件下氮肥用量的参考依据。
- Abstract:
- ‘Fujiu No.10’ was taken as the experimental material，different nitrogen treatments were set up after planting for one month，the growth，physiology，yield and quality indexes of Chinese chives were determined during the vigorous growth period (6 months)，in order to explore the effects of different nitrogen application on the growth，physiology，yield and quality of Chinese chive.The results showed that with the increasing of nitrogen application，the external morphology (pseudo stem diameter，leaf length，leaf width，leaf thickness)，biomass accumulation and yield (the first crop) of Chinese chive first increased and then decreased.The Chinese chive of N4 and N5 treatments had the best growth，higher fresh and dry weight and yield.According to the fitting equation，the highest yield per 667 m2 of the first crop of chive and its corresponding nitrogen application respectively were 2 591.4 kg and 18.537 kg.With the increasing of nitrogen application，the root activity of Chinese chive first increased and then decreased，and the N3 had the strongest root activity；The content of chlorophyll (Ca，Cb) in N4 was the highest，followed by N5.On the whole，the change trend of photosynthetic pigment and root activity was basically consistent with the growth status and yield of Chinese chive.With the increasing of nitrogen application，the Pro content，MDA content，SOD activity and POD activity of Chinese chive decreased at first and then increased，the N4 showed the least stress level.The contents of soluble sugar，vitamin C，soluble protein and titratable acid in Chinese chive increased at first and then decreased with the increasing of nitrogen application，the effect of nitrogen application on the soluble protein content of Chinese chive was not obvious，the nitrate content of Chinese chive increased with the increasing of nitrogen application.The soluble sugar content of N5 was the highest，and the vitamin C and titratable acid content of N3 were the highest.According to the growth，physiology，yield and quality of Chinese chive，the nitrogen application rate of N4 and N5 were showed better.That is，the average monthly nitrogen application rate per 667 m2 was 36.84-45.96 kg，which could be used as a reference for the nitrogen application rate of Chinese chive under greenhouse cultivation conditions.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：张丽娟（1980-），女，硕士，助理研究员，现主要从事设施蔬菜栽培生理等研究工作。E-mail:juanzi800219@163.com.责任作者：曲继松（1980-），男，博士，副研究员，现主要从事蔬菜栽培及设施环境调控等研究工作。E-mail:qujs119@126.com.基金项目：宁夏重点研发计划资助项目(2019BBF02012)；宁夏农林科学院科技先导资金资助项目(NKYG-18-08，NKYJ-18-20) 收稿日期：2021-03-07