DING Shoupeng,ZHANG Guoxin,YAO Yutao,et al.Effects of Combined Application of Earthworm Manure and Biochar on Protected Tomato Growth and Photosynthesis in Saline-alkali Soils[J].Northern Horticulture,2021,(18):60-67.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20205541]
蚯蚓粪生物炭配施对盐碱地设施番茄生长及光合作用的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Combined Application of Earthworm Manure and Biochar on Protected Tomato Growth and Photosynthesis in Saline-alkali Soils
- Keywords:
- coastal saline-alkali land; protected tomato; vermicompost; biochar; photosynthetic characteristics
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以番茄品种‘博萨’为试材，采用正交实验设计，分析复合肥、蚯蚓粪、生物炭配施对滨海盐碱地番茄生长、产量及光合特性的影响，以期为蚯蚓粪和生物炭应用于盐碱地改良利用提供参考依据。结果表明：施用复合肥、蚯蚓粪、生物炭可影响番茄农艺性状与产量。配施水平下各因素对番茄株高、茎粗和土壤电导率的影响大小是生物炭>复合肥>蚯蚓粪，对生物量积累影响大小为蚯蚓粪>生物炭>复合肥，对番茄产量、光合作用影响大小为生物炭＞蚯蚓粪＞复合肥。在一定范围内生物炭和蚯蚓粪可以促进番茄生长，提高产量，改土降盐。与对照相比，T4产量显著提高了42.1%，净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率分别增加57.3%、56.8%、62.3%，达显著水平。降盐率为51.9%，综合各指标看，滨海盐碱地设施番茄最优配施组合是每667 m2分别施复合肥、蚯蚓粪和生物炭21、1 575、315 kg。
- Abstract:
- Taking the tomato variety ‘Bosa’ as the test material，the orthogonal experiment design was used to analyze the effects of compound fertilizer，vermicompost and biochar on the growth，yield and photosynthetic characteristics of tomato in coastal saline-alkali land,in order to provide a reference basis for the application of vermicompost and biochar in the improvement and utilization of saline-alkali land.The results showed that application of compound fertilizer，vermicompost and biochar could affect tomato agronomic characteristics and yield.The results of the range analysis showed that the influence of each factor of tomato plants height，stem thickness and soil conductivity under the combined application level was biochar>compound fertilizer>vermicompost，and the influence on biomass accumulation was vermicompost>biochar>compound fertilizer，the impact on tomato yield and photosynthesis was biochar>vermicompost>compound fertilizer.Within a certain range，biochar and vermicompost could promote tomato growth，increased to yield，improve soil and reduce salt.Compared with the control，the yield of T4 plot was significantly increased by 42.1%，and the net photosynthetic rate，stomatal conductance，and transpiration rate were increased by 57.3%，56.8%，and 62.3% respectively，reaching significant levels.The salinity reduction rate was 51.9%.In terms of all indicators，the optimal combination of tomato in coastal saline-alkali land facilities was compound fertilizer，vermicompost and biochar applied at 21 kg，1 575 kg，and 315 kg per 667 m2.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：丁守鹏（1994-），男，硕士，研究实习员，现主要从事盐碱地蔬菜栽培技术等研究工作。E-mail：939298742@qq.com.责任作者：张国新（1971-），男，本科，研究员，现主要从事盐碱地高效利用及果蔬高质生产技术等研究工作。E-mail：nkszhgx@163.com.基金项目：河北省创新工程资助项目（2019-1-6-4）。收稿日期：2020-12-25