WANG Jiazhe,FU Bo,REN Bowen,et al.Isolation and Identification of Pathogens and Symptom Comparison of Black Spot Disease and Anthracnose of Shaanxi Dongzao Jujube[J].Northern Horticulture,2021,(15):46-50.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20205437]
陕西冬枣黑斑病和炭疽病病原菌的分离鉴定及特征比较
- Title:
- Isolation and Identification of Pathogens and Symptom Comparison of Black Spot Disease and Anthracnose of Shaanxi Dongzao Jujube
- Keywords:
- Dongzao jujube; black spot disease; anthracnose; pathogen; symptom comparison
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以大荔县冬枣种植区采集的发病枣果为试材，采用常规组织分离法进行病原菌的分离纯化，通过柯赫氏证病法则、形态学观察及分子生物学分析，研究鉴定了冬枣黑斑病和炭疽病的病原菌种类，并采用田间调查法对2种病害为害特征进行比较分析，以期为田间有效区分冬枣黑斑病和炭疽病为害症状，并快速判断其病原类型，及进一步深入开展精准防控提供参考和指导。结果表明：陕西大荔冬枣黑斑病的病原菌为细极链格孢(Alternaria tenuissima)，炭疽病的病原菌为胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)。2种病害均主要为害枣果实，在枣果果腰或果肩上形成黑褐色病斑，可能同时存在且症状相近极易混淆，但在病斑表面、皮下及久置表型3个方面存在明显区别。
- Abstract:
- Taking the diseased jujube fruits collected from the Dongzao planting area in Dali County as materials,the method of usual tissue isolation to isolate and purify pathogenic fungus were used.The pathogens of black spot disease and anthracnose were identified according to Koch′s Rule,morphological observation and molecular biology analysis.And the field investigation method was used to compare and analyze the characteristics of the two diseases.The research aimed to effectively distinguish the symptoms of the black spot disease and anthracnose in the field,quickly determine the type of pathogens,and provide reference and guidance for further precisely prevention and control of the two diseases.The results showed that the pathogen of black spot disease was Alternaria tenuissima,and the pathogen of anthracnose was Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.The two diseases mainly harmed jujube fruits,forming dark brown spots on the fruit waists or shoulders of the jujube fruits,which may exist at the same time,but there were obvious differences between two kinds of diseased jujube fruits in three aspects.
参考文献/References:
[1]王娇,王玖瑞,赵锦,等.枣疯病带病组培苗的离体器官再生[J].河北农业大学学报,2016,39(5):51-56.[2]周淑荣,董昕瑜,郭文场,等.冬枣的营养及品种简介[J].特种经济动植物,2019,22(2):45-48.[3]任卫合,罗龙龙,刘容秀,等.大荔冬枣茎段丛生芽诱导初步研究[J].安徽农学通报,2019,25(10):23-24,45.[4]赵岳,郭瑞,郑险峰,等.大荔冬枣园土壤肥力检测与评价[J].西北农业学报,2019,28(4):649-656.[5]崔章静,王付平,罗尧,等.大荔冬枣主要病虫害绿色防控技术[J].四川农业科技,2018,374(11):34-36.[6]王金红,姜秀华,侯军铭,等.枣炭疽病的发生规律与防治技术[J].河北林业科技,2009(3):122-123.[7]吴玉柱,季延平,刘会香,等.冬枣黑斑病病原菌的鉴定[J].中国森林病虫,2005,24(2):1-3.[8]高伟,李秀莲.冬枣采后黑斑病病原菌的分离与鉴定[J].农业开发与装备,2016,172(4):80-81.[9]方中达.植病研究方法[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1998.[10]张天宇.中国真菌志（第十六卷）链格孢属[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.[11]宗淑萍,杨文香,刘大群,等.冬枣黑点病病原鉴定[J].华北农学报,2006,21(5):105-107.[12]宋聪,黄亚丽,谢晨星,等.河北省冬枣黑斑病病原菌的分离鉴定及生物防治初探[J].微生物学杂志,2016,36(5):85-89.[13]常慧红,张路生,巴秀成.冬枣炭疽病病原鉴定[J].北方园艺,2011(15):191-192.[14]岑贞陆,谢玲,黄思良,等.大青枣炭疽病的病原鉴定及其生物学特性研究[J].中国农学通报,2002,18(3):48-51.[15]何永波,王海燕,秦国杰,等.枣炭疽病菌鉴定及9种杀菌剂对其菌丝生长的影响[J].中国果树,2018(1):32-35.[16]付宏岐,曹少杰,薛萍,等.大荔县设施冬枣主要病虫害及其绿色防治措施[J].陕西农业科学,2017,63(9):67-69.
相似文献/References:
[1]胡 波,李国元,谢志兵,等.不同浓度1-甲基环丙烯处理对鄂北冬枣常温贮藏生理指标及品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(01):130.
HU Bo,LI Guo-yuan,XIE Zhi-bing,et al.Effects of Different Concentration of 1-MCP Treatment on Physiology Index and Quality of Winter Jujube in Northern Hubei[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(15):130.
[2]蒋 卉,朱丽霞,郭东起.冬枣采后黑腐病病原菌分离鉴定及控制研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(09):133.
JIANG Hui,ZHU Li-xia,GUO Dong-qi.Study on the Isolation,Identification and Control of Black Mould Pathogen of Winter Jujube After Postharvest[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(15):133.
[3]杨继余,蒋喜伟,曲磊.不同温度、光照及pH对玉竹黑斑病病菌的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(07):145.
YANG Ji-yu,JIANG Xi-wei,QU Lei.Effects of Different Temperature，Light and pH on Black Leaf Spot in Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(15):145.
[4]李家政,杨卫东,毕大鹏.二氧化碳高渗透性膜包装对冬枣贮藏品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(04):146.
LI Jia-zheng,YANG Wei-dong,BI Da-peng.Effects of Packaging with Film of High Carbon Dioxide Permeability on Storage Properties of Jujube Fruit[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(15):146.
[5]郭红莲,王晓枫,路玉蓉,等.菜花贮藏期交链孢霉菌的侵染规律研究[J].北方园艺,2012,36(05):166.
GUO Hong-lian,WANG Xiao-feng,LU Yu-rong,et al.Study on the Infection Properties of Alternaia brassicicola Spores During Cauliflower Storage[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(15):166.
[6]付坦,鲁晓翔,李江阔.冬枣冰点及其冰点调节剂的筛选[J].北方园艺,2012,36(16):155.
FU Tan,LU Xiao-xiang,LI Jiang-kuo.The Freezing Point Temperature of ‘Dongzao’ Jujube and the Selection of Freezing Point Regulator[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(15):155.
[7]李宁,关文强,阎瑞香.短紫外线处理对冬枣果实腐烂和品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(17):163.
LI Ning,GUAN Wen-qiang,YAN Rui-xiang.Effect of UV-C on Postharvest Decay and Quality of Dong Jujube[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(15):163.
[8]李梦钗,冯薇,葛艳蕊,等.臭氧处理对冬枣果实多酚氧化酶和过氧化物酶活性的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(17):171.
LI Meng-chai,FENG Wei,GE Yan-rui,et al.Effect of Ozone Treatment on Activity of PPO and POD of Dong Jujube[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(15):171.
[9]贾晓梅,陈梅香,刘小娟.环剥对冬枣叶片内有机营养物质含量的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(08):36.
JIA Xiao-mei,CHEN Mei-xiang,LIU Xiao-juan.Effect of Girdling on the Organic Nutrition of Leaves of Ziziphus jujuba cv.‘Dongzao’[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(15):36.
[10]金一锋,郭广兵,杨清淼,等.月季黑斑病病原鉴定与抗性鉴定方法研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(18):114.
JINYi-feng,GUOGuang-bing,YANGQing-miao,et al.StudyonPathogenIdentificationandResistanceIdentificationMethodof RoseBlackSpotDisease[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(15):114.
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：王家哲（1993-），女，硕士，研究实习员，现主要从事病虫害绿色防控等研究工作。E-mail:1904162659@qq.com.责任作者：张锋（1973-），男，博士，研究员，现主要从事果树和蔬菜病虫害综合防治技术等研究工作。E-mail:545141529@qq.com.基金项目：陕西省林业科学院科技创新计划专项资助项目（SXLK2020-0216）；榆林市科技计划资助项目（2019-13）。收稿日期：2020-12-21