[1]冯悦晨,向云,程曼,等.县域尺度果园土壤肥力及其影响因素[J].北方园艺,2021,(10):88-97.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20202750]
　FENG Yuechen,XIANG Yun,CHENG Man,et al.Soil Fertility and Its Influencing Factors in Orchard at County Scale[J].Northern Horticulture,2021,(10):88-97.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20202750]

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县域尺度果园土壤肥力及其影响因素

《北方园艺》[ISSN:1001-0009/CN:23-1247/S] 卷: 期数: 2021年10 页码: 88-97 栏目: 出版日期: 2021-05-30

Title:: Soil Fertility and Its Influencing Factors in Orchard at County Scale

作者:: 冯悦晨1; 向云1; 程曼2; 李建星3; 赵红芸3; 王军胜3; （1.山西农业大学资源环境学院，山西太原 030031；2.山西大学黄土高原研究所，山西太原 030006；3.平陆县果业局，山西平陆 044300）

Author(s):: FENG Yuechen1; XIANG Yun1; CHENG Man2; LI Jianxing3; ZHAO Hongyun3; WANG Junsheng3; (1.College of Resources and Environment，Shanxi Agricultural University，Taiyuan，Shanxi 030031;2.Institute of Loess Plateau，Shanxi University，Taiyuan，Shanxi 030006；3.Fruit Industry Bureau of Pinglu County，Pinglu，Shanxi 044300)

关键词:: 苹果园; 土壤养分; 土壤综合肥力得分; 树龄

DOI:: 10.11937/bfyy.20202750

文献标志码:: A

摘要:: 以平陆县果园土壤为研究对象，研究0~30 cm土层和30~60 cm土层土壤pH、土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和有效钾的丰缺状况，采用主成分分析确定果园土壤主要的肥力贡献因子，并探讨海拔、坡向、坡度、土壤亚类和树龄对果园土壤肥力的影响，以期探究中条山南麓县域尺度果园的土壤肥力现状。结果表明：1）0~30 cm土层土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和有效钾的平均值为14.84 g?kg-1、96.81 mg?kg-1、22.90 mg?kg-1和271.62 mg?kg-1，分别处于高、高、中等、较高水平；30~60 cm土层土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和有效钾的平均值为8.85 g?kg-1、67.30 mg?kg-1、8.66 mg?kg-1和179.56 mg?kg-1，分别处于低、低、低、高水平。2）整个县域土壤有机质表现为北高南低，北部多集中高、较高水平，南部相对较低，处于中等水平；碱解氮在中北部高，东西部低，均属于中等水平以上；有效磷在中部低，东西部高，均属于中等及以下水平；有效钾分布较均匀，集中在较高水平。3）主成分分析结果表明，土壤肥力指标权重由大到小的顺序为AP>AK>SOM>AN>pH。4）果园0~30 cm土层土壤综合肥力在县域尺度分布不均，4%高肥力果园呈斑块状分布，70%的果园为中肥力，30~60 cm土层95%的果园土壤为低肥力，空间上无显著变化。树龄和坡度是影响该县果园土壤综合肥力的主要因素。综上，研究区内果园土壤肥力有待提升，尤其是30~60 cm土层；土壤有效磷的提升是果园肥力提升的首要问题。

Abstract:: :The orchard soil in Pinglu county was taken as the research object，soil pH，soil organic matter(SOM)，alkali-hydro nitrogen(AN)，available phosphorus(AP) and available potassium(AK) of 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm soil layers were analyzed.The main contribution factors of soil fertility were determined by principal component analysis，and the effect of altitude，slope aspects，slope，soil subtypes and tree age on the comprehensive score of soil fertility was discussed,in order to discuss status of soil fertility in orchard at county scale.The results showed that,1) in 0-30 cm soil layer，the average values of SOM，AN，AP and AK were 14.84 g?kg-1，96.81 mg?kg-1，22.90 mg?kg-1 and 271.62 mg?kg-1，respectively，which were at high，high，medium and high levels.In 30-60 cm soil layer，the average values of SOM，AN，AP and AK were 8.85 g?kg-1，67.30 mg?kg-1，8.66 mg?kg-1 and 179.56 mg?kg-1，respectively，which were at low，low，low and high levels.2) In the whole county，SOM was high in the north and low in the south.The SOM in the north was mainly concentrated at high and high levels，while the soil organic matter in the south was relatively low and in the middle level.AN was high in the north and low in the east and west，all of which were above the middle level.AP was low in the middle and high in the east and west，both of which belong to the

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备注/Memo

第一作者简介：冯悦晨（1980-），男，硕士，助理研究员，现主要从事土壤质量培育等研究工作。E-mail：fengyc1980@163.com.责任作者：程曼（1988-），女，博士，副教授，现主要从事农业资源与环境等研究工作。E-mail：chengman@sxu.edu.cn.基金项目：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目（41807072）；山西省农业科学院成果转化资助项目（2018CGZH-35）；平陆县果园土壤肥力调查与评价资助项目（20180003）；山西省优秀博士来晋工作奖励资金科研资助项目（SXYBKY2019028）。收稿日期：2020-06-30

更新日期/Last Update: 2021-08-09