YAO Yutao,ZHANG Guoxin,DING Shoupeng,et al.Effects of Different Soil Matric Potential on Growth and Water Use Efficiency of Greenhouse Cucumbers in Saline-alkali Land[J].Northern Horticulture,2020,44(14):60-66.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20193725]
不同土壤基质势对盐碱地设施黄瓜生长及水分利用效率的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Soil Matric Potential on Growth and Water Use Efficiency of Greenhouse Cucumbers in Saline-alkali Land
- Keywords:
- soil matric potential; greenhouse cucumber; growth index; quality; yield; abnormal fruit ratio; WUE
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以黄瓜品种“京研春秋绿2号”为试材，采用不同基质势下限指导黄瓜灌溉的方法，研究了4个土壤基质势处理S1(-10 kPa)、S2(-15 kPa)、S3(-20 kPa)、S4(-25 kPa)条件下，黄瓜的生长、产量、品质及水分利用效率的变化规律，以期寻找出适宜盐碱地设施黄瓜灌溉的土壤基质势下限。结果表明：随着滴头正下方0.2 m深度处土壤基质势的降低，灌溉水量明显减少；株高、茎粗、叶面积指数（LAI）随着基质势降低显著减小；黄瓜植株根冠比随基质势下降呈现先升高后降低的趋势，S2处理根冠比达到最大值；净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度等光合指标随基质势降低有减小趋势，且4个处理间各指标差异显著；随着灌溉水量的减少，各处理黄瓜的畸形果比率逐渐上升，S4处理的畸形果比率最高，为12.70%；黄瓜产量随着土壤基质势的降低而呈下降趋势，方差分析表明S1和S2 2个处理差异不显著，S3和S4处理较其它处理差异显著；水分利用效率随着土壤基质势的降低呈显著升高趋势。综上，S2处理条件下黄瓜产量较S1处理差异不显著，S3和S4处理产量显著降低，且S2处理各项品质指标基本均达到最大值，-15 kPa为最适宜盐碱地设施黄瓜灌溉的土壤基质势下限。
- Abstract:
- ‘Jingyan Spring and Autumn Green 2’ was used as material，using the method of guiding cucumber irrigation with different soil matric potential，the growth，yield，quality and water use efficiency of cucumber were studied under four conditions of soil matric potential treatments，namely S1(-10 kPa)，S2(-15 kPa)，S3,(-20 kPa) and S4(-25 kPa).The results showed that with the decrease of soil matric potential at 0.2 m depth，the irrigation water quantity decreased obviously，the plant height，stem diameter and LAI decreased significantly with the decrease of soil matric potential，and the root-shoot ratio of cucumber plants increased at first and then decreased with the decrease of substrate potential，and the root-shoot ratio of S2 treatment reached the maximum.The photosynthetic indexes such as net photosynthetic rate，stomatal conductivity，transpiration rate and intracellular CO2 concentration decreased with the decrease of soil matric potential，and there were significant differences among the four treatments.With the decrease of irrigation water quantity，the abnormal fruit ratio of cucumber increased gradually，and the abnormal fruit ratio of S4 treatment was the highest (12.70%).Cucumber yield decreased with the decrease of soil matric potential，there was no significant difference between S1 and S2 treatments by variance analysis，there was significant difference between S3 and S4 treatments，and WUE increased significantly with the decrease of soil matric potential.In summary，there was no significant difference in cucumber yield between S2 treatment and S1 treatment，but the yield of S3 and S4 treatments decreased significantly，and the quality indexes of S2 treatment basically reached the maximum value，-15 kPa was the lower limit of soil matric potential for cucumber irrigation in saline-alkali land.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：姚玉涛(1989-)，男，河北丰润人，硕士，助理研究员，现主要从事盐碱地农业水土资源综合高效利用等研究工作。E-mail：yutao890310@163.com.基金项目：河北省创新工程资助项目（2019-1-6-4）；河北省农林科学院青年基金资助项目（F18R18001-10）；河北省科技厅多功能耐盐蔬菜种质资源创新资助项目（16226304D-5）。收稿日期：2019-11-29