[1]徐大兵,周剑雄,邱正明,等.氮肥替代和减施对高山露地辣椒养分吸收和产量与营养品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2019,43(21):1-6.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20190705]
　XU Dabing,ZHOU Jianxiong,QIU Zhengming,et al.Effects of Nitrogen Replacement and Reduction on Nutrient Accumulation，Yield and Quality of Pepper on High Mountain Open Field[J].Northern Horticulture,2019,43(21):1-6.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20190705]
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氮肥替代和减施对高山露地辣椒养分吸收和产量与营养品质的影响

《北方园艺》[ISSN:1001-0009/CN:23-1247/S] 卷: 43卷 期数: 2019年21 页码: 1-6 栏目: 出版日期: 2019-11-15
Title:
Effects of Nitrogen Replacement and Reduction on Nutrient Accumulation，Yield and Quality of Pepper on High Mountain Open Field
作者:
徐大兵1; 2; 周剑雄1; 2; 邱正明3; 皮秀权4; 陈千财5; 赵书军1; 2
（1.农业农村部废弃物肥料化利用重点实验室，湖北 武汉 430064；2.湖北省农业科学院 植保土肥研究所，湖北 武汉 430064；3.湖北省农业科学院 经济作物研究所，湖北 武汉 430064；4.利川市蔬菜办，湖北 利川 445400；5.恩施市农业局，湖北 恩施 445000）
Author(s):
XU Dabing1; 2; ZHOU Jianxiong1; 2; QIU Zhengming3; PI Xiuquan4; CHEN Qiancai5; ZHAO Shujun1; 2
(1.Key Laboratory of Fertilization From Agricultural Wastes，Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs，Wuhan，Hubei 430064;2.Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer，Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Wuhan，Hubei 430064;3.Institute of Economic Crops，Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Wuhan，Hubei 430064；4.Lichuan Vegetable Office，Lichuan,Hubei 445400；5.Enshi Agricultural Bureau，Enshi,Hubei 444500)
关键词:
氮肥减施; 养分替代; 养分累积; 产量; 营养品质
Keywords:
nitrogen reduction; nutrient replacement; nutrient accumulation; yield; nutrient quantily
DOI:
10.11937/bfyy.20190705
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
以“红秀8号”辣椒为试材，采用田间试验研究了化肥替代与减施对高山露地辣椒养分吸收和产量与营养品质的影响，以期为高山露地蔬菜化肥减施提供参考依据。结果表明：在高山露地辣椒300 kg?hm-2施氮量的基础上，有机肥氮替代30%化肥氮或者减少20%能够获得与300 kg?hm-2施氮量略高或者相当的辣椒产量。有机肥替代30%化肥氮促进了开花结果期氮在辣椒叶片和果实的累积，但是减少了开花结果期和盛果期氮在根部的累积。随着氮肥用量的减少，主要降低了辣椒果实中氮素的累积。有机肥氮替代和减氮处理均降低了辣椒果实中硝酸盐和总酸含量，而有机肥替代30%化肥氮处理品质要高于减氮处理。每生产1 000 kg辣椒需要吸收氮（N）5.67 kg、磷（P2O5）0.99 kg和钾（K2O）6.35 kg，需求比例为1∶0.17∶1.12。因此，高山露地辣椒施氮量240~270 kg?hm-2就可以获得比较好的产量与品质，而300 kg?hm-2施氮量的基础上有机肥氮替代30%化肥氮产量与品质最高。
Abstract:
In order to provide theoretical basis for fertilizer reduction of high mountain open field vegetable，‘Hongxiu No.8’ pepper was used as materials,a field experiment was carried out to study the effect of fertilizer reduction and substitution on nutrient uptake，yield and nutrient quality of pepper.The results showed that for the pepper on high mountain open field，compared to 300 kg?hm-2 nitrogen application treatments，slightly higher or equivalent yield could be obtained by replacing 30% chemical fertilizer nitrogen (N) with organic fertilizer N or reducing 20% chemical fertilizer N treatments based on 300 kg?hm-2 nitrogen application.The treatments with 30% organic N fertilizer instead of chemical N fertilizer promoted the accumulation of N in pepper leaves and fruits at flowering and fruiting stages，but reduced in roots at flowering and fruiting stages.With the decrease of N fertilizer，the accumulation of N in pepper fruits reduced.Nitrate and total acid contents in pepper fruits were decreased by N amendment and reduction treatments，while the quality of N treatment with organic N fertilizer instead of 30% chemical N fertilizer was higher than that with N reduction treatments.Production of 1 000 kg pepper needed to absorb 5.67 kg of nitrogen (N)，0.99 kg of phosphorus (P2O5) and 6.35 kg of potassium (K2O)，and the ratio was 1∶0.17∶1.12.Therefore，240—270 kg?hm-2 chemical N application of pepper on high mountain open field could obtain equivalent yield and quality，the best yield and quality were obtained by organic N fertilizer instead of 30% chemical N fertilizer based on 300 kg?hm-2 N application rate.

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备注/Memo

第一作者简介：徐大兵（1983-），男，博士，副研究员，研究方向为植物营养与病害。E-mail：dabing_xu@163.com.责任作者：赵书军（1969-），男，硕士，研究员，研究方向为土壤肥力与植物营养调控。E-mail：zhaosj11@163.com.基金项目：国家重点研发计划资助项目（2018YFD0201210）。收稿日期：2019-05-09

更新日期/Last Update: 2019-11-29