XIAO Rongying,DAI Zhigang,LIAN Ziwen,et al.Effects of Fertilization on Rapeseed Sclerotinia Stem Rot,Nutrient Uptake and Utilization in Rapeseed[J].Northern Horticulture,2019,43(20):9-16.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20190397]
施肥对油菜菌核病和养分吸收利用的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Fertilization on Rapeseed Sclerotinia Stem Rot,Nutrient Uptake and Utilization in Rapeseed
- Keywords:
- rapeseed; fertilization; Sclerotinia stem rot; yield; nutrient uptake
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以“中双11”油菜为试验材料,采用大田试验,设CK(不施肥)、PKB、NKB、NPB和NPKB 5个处理,在盛花期、末花期、结荚期、灌浆期和成熟期调查不同处理菌核病发病程度,研究不同施肥处理油菜菌核病发病规律,菌核病的发生对油菜产量和养分吸收利用的影响。结果表明:不同施肥处理的油菜菌核病从盛花期到成熟期病情指数均表现为先上升后下降的趋势,成熟期病情指数大大降低。CK、PKB、NKB、NPB和NPKB处理的发病植株产量比正常植株产量分别降低了1.6%、7.7%、27.9%、14.5%和21.2%;农学效率分别降低了28.31%、60.73%、29.66%、36.83%;氮、磷、钾肥的利用率平均分别降低了13.43%、1.83%、10.54%。NPKB处理菌核病发病程度处于中间地位,产量、农学效率、肥料利用率均高于其它处理,因此生产中应通过肥料的合理配施减轻油菜菌核病的发生,提高油菜产量。
- Abstract:
- A field experiment was conducted in Henan Province,China,the effects of CK,PKB,NKB,NPB and NPKB on the incidence degree of rapeseed Sclerotinia stem rot,the yield and nutrient absorption and utilization of rapeseed were evaluated.The results showed that Sclerotinia stem rot disease index of different fertilization treatments first increased and then decreased from flowering stage to maturity stage,and the Sclerotinia stem rot disease index greatly decreased in maturity stage.The degrees of Sclerotinia stem rot were different at the various growth stages.Compared with normal plants,the yield of CK,PKB,NKB,NPB and NPKB treated plants was reduced by 1.6%,7.7%,27.9%,14.5%,21.2%,respectively,the nutrient efficiency was reduced by 28.31%,60.73%,29.66%,36.83%,respectively,and the average utilization rates of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer decreased by 13.43%,1.83% and 10.54% respectively.Rational application of fertilizer was the best way to reduce Sclerotinia stem rot and increase rapeseed yield.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介:肖荣英(1979-),女,河南信阳人,硕士,讲师,现主要从事现代施肥技术等研究工作。E-mail:xiaorongying@139.com.基金项目:油菜化肥农药减施技术集成与示范资助项目(2018YFD0200900);信阳农林学院种子科学与工程专业教学团队资助项目(XTD201603);信阳农林学院种子科学与工程专业教学改革资助项目(ZYZHGG201705)。收稿日期:2019-05-07