ZHANG Lijuan,QU Jisong,LI Kun,et al.Effects of Shading on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Allium victorialis L.[J].Northern Horticulture,2018,42(16):76-80.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20180396]
驯化栽培中遮荫处理对长白山茖葱生长发育的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Shading on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Allium victorialis L.
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为了探索长白山茖葱在宁夏的驯化栽培过程中适宜的气候条件，以吉林省安图县长白山区的野生茖葱种苗为供试材料，设置不同密度和颜色的遮阳网遮荫处理(T1，黑色遮阳网，6针，85%遮光；T2，黑色遮阳网，4针，70%遮光；T3，蓝色遮阳网，4针，70%遮光；T4，绿色遮阳网，4针，70%遮光；T5，黑色遮阳网，2针，30%遮光)，以不遮荫为对照，监测不同遮荫条件下的空气温度、空气湿度及光照强度以及对茖葱的物候期、生长及光合等指标的影响。结果表明：同样规格的遮阳网，遮荫程度黑色>绿色>蓝色；遮荫程度高，展叶期及地上枯萎期相对延后，T1处理比CK展叶期延后7 d左右，地上枯萎期延后15 d左右；随着遮荫程度的增加，茖葱的生长时期越长，株高和假茎粗也表现为增加的趋势，而不遮荫或遮荫较低的处理生长时期短同时植株较矮，假茎粗变细；气孔导度、光合速率和水分利用效率均随光强的增加而降低，蒸腾速率随光强的增加而增强，光合性能T1>T2>T4>T3>T5>CK；遮荫有利于茖葱食用部分的增加，T1处理茖葱单株地上鲜质量最大为2.68 g，其次是T2处理的2.56 g，CK最小为2.30 g。银川地区的茖葱驯化栽培以遮光率为85%的遮荫程度最适宜茖葱生长。
- Abstract:
- In order to explore the suitable microclimate conditions in the domestication cultivation of Allium victorialis L.in Ningxia,wild seedlings of Allium victorialis L.from Jilin Changbai Mountains were used as materials,the treatments of using different mesh density and color of shade net shading(T1,black shade net,6 pins,85% shade;T2,black shade net,4 pins,70% shade;T3,blue shade net,4 pins,70% shade;T4,green shade net,4 pins,70% shade;T5,black shade net,2 pins,30% shade) were set up,no shade was as CK.Air temperature,air humidity,light intensity and their influence on the phenological phase,growth and photosynthetic indexes of Allium victorialis L.were monitored under the condition of different treatments.The results showed that the shade net with the same mesh density,shade degree was black>green>blue;leaf-expansion periods and wither periods relative delayed with a high degree of shade,the leaf-expansion periods of T1 treatment than CK delayed about 7 days,and the wither periods delayed about 15 days;the growth period of Allium victorialis L.was longer,plant height and stem diameter also showed the trend to increase with the increase of shade degree;its growth was on the contrary when no shade or lower shade period was short and plant shorter,stems coarse to fine when.Stomatal conductance,photosynthetic rate,WUE decreased,and transpiration rate increased with the increase of light intensity,the photosynthetic performance of treatments were T1>T2>T4>T3>T5>CK;shade was advantageous to the increase of edible parts of Allium victorialis L.,fresh weight per plant on the ground of T1 was the maximum with 2.68 g,the second was T2 treatment of 2.56 g,CK was minimum with 2.30 g.The environmental conditions of the most appropriate growth of Allium victorialis L.domesticated cultivation was 85% shade degree in Yinchuan area.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：张丽娟（1980-）女，硕士，助理研究员，现主要从事蔬菜栽培与生理等研究工作。E-mail:juanzi800219@163.com.责任作者：曲继松（1980-），男，硕士，副研究员，现主要从事设施环境调控及蔬菜栽培等研究工作。E-mail:qujs119@126.com.基金项目：宁夏科技支撑计划资助项目（2015BY121）。收稿日期：2018-03-12