QU Jisong,ZHU Qiannan,ZHANG Lijuan,et al.Effects of Irrigation Amount on Yield and Quality of Winter Chinese Chives in Plastic Arch Shed with External Insulation[J].Northern Horticulture,2018,42(10):57-62.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20173865]
灌水量对外置保温被塑料拱棚越冬茬韭菜产量与品质的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Irrigation Amount on Yield and Quality of Winter Chinese Chives in Plastic Arch Shed with External Insulation
- Keywords:
- Yellow River irrigation area; external thermal insulation quilt; plastic arch shed; Chinese chives; yield; quality
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 干旱是威胁农业生产的主要气象因素，在韭菜种植过程中以经验为主的“大水漫灌”灌溉方式是极其浪费水资源的，因此建立合理灌溉制度是十分必要的。该研究以“富韭10号”“寿光独根红”为试材,采用裂区设计，主区为韭菜品种处理，分别为“富韭10号”（F）和“寿光独根红”（S），副区为灌水量处理，每667 m2每次分别为30（T1）、40（T2）、50（T3）、60（T4）、70（T5）、80（T6）m3，灌水6次。研究了灌水量对2种韭菜生长、产量、品质的影响，探讨了外置保温被塑料拱棚越冬茬韭菜合理灌溉的可行性。结果表明：随灌水量额度不断增加，2种韭菜株高、假茎粗、叶长、叶宽、叶片数均呈现增加趋势，在一定灌水量范围内（60 m3）随灌水量增加呈直线增加趋势，当灌水量超过60 m3时，各生长指标呈现缓慢增加或不增加趋势。在第1次测产中，T1、T2、T3处理较产量最高的T5（T6）平均降低了43.61%、35.7%、8.38%，说明2种韭菜根系贮藏营养能力相一致。2种韭菜可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、维生素C含量均随着灌水量增加而增加，在亏缺灌溉条件下（T1、T2、T3）均有不同程度的减少，2种韭菜严重亏缺灌溉（T1）较充分灌溉（T5）处理含量降低超过20%，与灌水量的线性相关系数均大于0.75。2种韭菜各处理粗纤维含量随着灌水量的增加而减少，其与灌水量的线性相关系数均大于0.8，2种韭菜铁元素含量随灌水量增加呈线性增加趋势，且线性相关系数均大于0.82。根据灌水量对韭菜产量、品质及生长指标的测定分析得出，在宁夏引黄灌区进行外置保温被塑料拱棚越冬茬韭菜生产时，春夏秋3季建议灌水6次，每667 m2每次灌水70 m3。
- Abstract:
- Drought is the main meteorological factors in the threat to agricultural production，leek planting process based on experience and flood irrigation irrigation is a waste of water resources，so the establishment of reasonable irrigation system is very necessary.‘The rich 10’ and ‘Shouguang single red’ were taken as materials.The split plot design for the main area of Chinese chive varieties，respectively.The main area for leek breeds were ‘The rich 10’ (F) and ‘Shouguang single red’ (S)，deputy district irrigation treatment，were 30 m3 (T1)，40 m3 (T2)，50 m3 (T3)，60 m3 (T4)，70 m3 (T5)，80 m3(T6) per 667 m2，for 6 times of irrigation.Influence of irrigation amount on the growth，yield and quality of two kinds of Chinese chive，the feasibility of reasonable irrigation of winter leek with external insulation quilt covered with plastic arch shed was discussed.The results showed that with increasing irrigation amount increasing，two leek plants height，stem diameter，leaf length，leaf number，leaf width showed a trend of increase in a certain range (60 m3) showed a linear increasing trend with increased irrigation，when the irrigation volume of more than 60 m3 the growth index showed a slow increase or increase trend.In the first test，T1，T2 and T3 treatments were reduced by 43.61%，35.7% and 8.38% compared with the highest yield of T5 (T6)，and the nutrient storage ability of two kinds of leek roots was consistent.Two kinds of leek soluble sugar，soluble protein and vitamin C contents were increased with the increase of irrigation amount，under deficit irrigation condition (T1，T2，T3) had different degrees of reduction，two leeks deficit irrigation (T1) compared with full irrigation (T5) treatment decreased more than 20%，linear correlation coefficient and the amount of irrigation was greater than 0.75.Two leeks crude fiber content decreased with the increase of irrigation amount，the irrigation amount and the linear correlation coefficient was greater than 0.8，two leeks iron content increased linearly with the increase of irrigation amount，and the linear correlation coefficient was greater than 0.82.According to the amount of irrigation on yield，quality and growth index of leek analyses showed that the external insulation plastic shed winter leek production in the irrigation area of Ningxia，the spring and autumn season three proposed irrigation 6 times，irrigation 70 m3 per 667 m2.
参考文献/References:
[1]余宏军,蒋卫杰,屈冬玉,等.基质含水率对春茬日光温室韭菜产量及生长的影响[J].农业工程学报，2005,21(S):165-168. [2]周福君,翟莹,魏源,等.不同光质对韭菜各茬生长及营养品质的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2017,48(11)：52-62. [3]李敬蕊,王祥,田真,等.外源喷施不同浓度γ-氨基丁酸对韭菜生长及氮代谢的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2015,27(9):1563-1568． [4]卢凤刚,陈贵林,吕桂云,等.不同供氮水平对韭菜产量和品质的影响[J].园艺学报,2005,32(1):131-133. [5]QIN D M,LI J，ZHANG J J,et al.Effect of different organic fertilizers on Chinese chives (Allium tuberosum) growth and yield[J].Agricultural Science & Technology，2017，18(3)：449-451. [6]季延海,于平彬,武占会,等.低浓度NaCl对水培韭菜生长、产量及品质的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2015，23(5)：628-633. [7]余宏军,蒋卫杰,史振霞,等.基肥量和追肥量对基质培韭菜生长和产量的影响[J].中国蔬菜,2008(7):10-13. [8]王磊,郭明超,贺洪军.设施韭菜幼苗施肥方案优化研究[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(19):159-163. [9]李晓峰,王俊玲,李林妍,等.硫磺与水杨酸配施对韭菜硝酸盐累积及氮代谢的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报2013,19(5)：1264-1271. [10]程进步,刘在富,靳立伟.韭菜小拱棚生产技术[J].蔬菜,2013(8):41-43. [11]刘树革.小拱棚韭菜高产栽培技术[J].农民致富之友,2011(8):8. [12]孙爱东,范崇慧.龙口紫根韭菜栽培特点[J].蔬菜,2014(7):41-42. [13]刘世全,曹红霞,张建青,等.不同水氮供应对小南瓜根系生长、产量和水氮利用效率的影响[J].中国农业科学,2014，47(7):1362-1371.
相似文献/References:
[1]窦云萍,李秋波,许泽华,等.宁夏引黄灌区“红富士”苹果果实品质分析[J].北方园艺,2014,38(24):35.
DOU Yun-ping,LI Qiu-bo,XU Ze-hua,et al.Quality Analysis of the ‘Red Fuji’ Apple in Yellow River Irrigation Area of Ningxia[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(10):35.
[2]曲继松,张丽娟,朱倩楠,等.宁夏两种韭菜拱棚内环境冬季日变化比较研究[J].北方园艺,2016,40(13):46.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201613013]
QU Jisong,ZHANG Lijuan,ZHU Qiannan,et al.Comparison Study on Inner Environment Daily Variations of Two Types Arch Shed for Leek in Winter in Ningxia[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(10):46.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201613013]
[3]曲继松,朱倩楠,张丽娟,等.宁夏引黄灌区冬季拱棚韭菜栽培适应性比较[J].北方园艺,2016,40(18):49.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201618014]
QU Jisong,ZHU Qiannan,ZHANG Lijuan,et al.Shed Leeks Planting Adaptability inWinter in Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation Area[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(10):49.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201618014]
[4]赵云鹏,白一茹,王幼奇,等.宁夏引黄灌区土壤饱和导水率空间分异特征[J].北方园艺,2017,41(08):166.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201708039]
ZHAO Yunpeng,BAI Yiru,WANG Youqi,et al.patial Variability of Soil Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity in the Yellow River Irrigated Area in Ningxia[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(10):166.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201708039]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：曲继松（1980-），男，硕士，副研究员，现主要从事设施环境调控和栽培生理等研究工作。E-mail：qujs119@126.com.基金项目：宁夏农林科学院成果孵化资助项目（NNKCGFH-2016-05，NNKCGFH-2017-19）；宁夏重点研发计划（农业园区）资助项目（2016-2017）。收稿日期：2018-02-07