YAN Peiyu,PAN Kai,LIU Shouwei,et al.Effects of Different Exogenous Hormones on Fruit Setting Rate, Appearance Quality and Yield of Tomato[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(10):11-15.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201710003]
不同外源激素对越冬番茄坐果率果实外观品质及产量的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Exogenous Hormones on Fruit Setting Rate, Appearance Quality and Yield of Tomato
- Keywords:
- (College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture; Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin; Heilongjiang 150030)
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 越冬栽培番茄在低温弱光的生长环境下，常发生落花落果问题，施用外源激素可有效防治落花落果，选取4种外源激素为试材，以大果型、小果型2个番茄品种为研究对象，分别配制3种浓度对番茄进行蘸花处理，研究不同浓度激素对番茄坐果率、畸形果率及番茄果实外观品质的影响，以期筛选出较适合的外源激素及其适宜浓度。结果表明：整体上，对于小果型番茄，15 mg?L-1番茄灵理处的第3、4、5、6穗果的坐果率均较高，对于大果型番茄，各处理间第3、4穗果的坐果率均差异不显著（P<0.05），整体上以20 mg?L-1的2,4-D、15 mg?L-1的番茄灵处理的坐果率较高，15 mg?L-1的番茄灵、15 mg?L-1的新保花保果乐处理的畸形果率为零。在大果型中，15 mg?L-1番茄灵处理的果实横径和纵径较大，10 mg?L-1的丰达处理果形指数较大，接近于椭圆形。小果型番茄果实横、纵径和果形指数均没有显著差异（P<0.05）。20 mg?L-1 2,4-D处理的大果型番茄产量较高，667 m2产量为4 548.33 kg，15 mg?L-1番茄灵处理的小果型产量较高，667 m2产量为2 992.53 kg。
- Abstract:
- Exogenous hormones had been proved to be effective to prevent the problem of the abscission of flower and fruit of tomatoes in the environment of low temperature and weak light during winter cultivation.Two types of tomatoes including small-sized and big-sized were selected to conduct the experiment and four kinds of exogenous hormones configured by three different concentrations.Exogenous hormones were used to treat tomato flower on flowering stage to explore the effect on the fruit setting rate，deformity fruit and appearance quality.The experiment aimed to select more suitable exogenous hormone and appropriate concentration.The results showed the fruit setting rates of the third，the fourth，the fifth and the sixth fruit were overall higher when the concentration of PCPA was 15 mg?L-1 for small-sized tomato.While for big-sized tomato,there was no significant difference between the third and the fourth fruit（P<0.05）.On the whole，the fruit setting rate was higher than the others when sprayed with 20 mg?L-1 2,4-D and 15 mg?L-1 PCPA.When the concentration of PCPA and New Flower Fruit were 15 mg?L-1，the deformity fruit rates were zero.For big sized tomatoes，fruits′ vertical diameter and horizontal diameter were bigger than the others when sprayed with 15 mg?L-1 PCPA，meanwhile，the fruit shape index was bigger when the concentration of Fengda was 10 mg?L-1，and close to the oval.For small sized tomatoes，there was no significant differences（P<0.05）in fruits′ vertical diameter and horizontal diameter.The yield of big-sized tomato was about 4 548.33 kg per 667 m2，and was higher than other treatments，however，the yield of small-sized tomato was about 2 992.53 kg per 667 m2，and was higher than other treatments. Keywords:exogenous hormone;tomato;overwintering;fruit setting rate;deformity fruit rate
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：颜培玉（1992-），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为设施园艺与蔬菜生理生态。E-mail：592161434@qq.com.责任作者：刘守伟（1974-），女，博士，教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为设施园艺与蔬菜生理生态。E-mail：liushouwei1974@126.com.基金项目：黑龙江省重大攻关资助项目（GA15B104）；国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系专项资助项目（CARS-25-08）。