TANG Xiaoqin,LU Jie,ZANG Jiancheng.Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Gymnosporangium yamadae Spots on Apple Leaves[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(08):119-123.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201708027]
苹果树叶片上锈病斑的空间分布特征
- Title:
- Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Gymnosporangium yamadae Spots on Apple Leaves
- Keywords:
- apple tree; Gymnosporangium yamadae spots; spatial distribution characteristics; Gongbu Nature Reserve; Tibet
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 苹果树为藏东南地区经济林的主要树种，近年来锈病危害严重。以藏东南地区苹果树为研究对象，基于野外调查，采用扩散系数C、Morisita指数I、Cassie指标Ca、平均拥挤度M*、Lloyd聚块性指标、负二项参数K、Iwao回归分析法、Taylor幂指数方法，研究了藏东南工布自然保护区苹果树叶片上锈病的空间分布格局规律。结果表明：苹果树叶片上锈病斑数量表现为树中部＞树下部＞树上部,树西面＞树东面＞树北面＞树南面。锈病斑数量在苹果树叶片上中部占39.33%，其中左中部占19.32%、右中部为20.01%；叶下部占31.53%，其中左下部为15.37%、右下部为16.16%；叶上部占29.14%，其中左上部为14.70%、右上部为14.44%。叶左边占49.39%，右边占50.61%。苹果树叶片上锈病斑主要以10~40个聚集的形式存在。以30≤b＜40为最多,锈病斑数量占总锈病斑数比率的17.36%。苹果树叶片上锈病斑空间分布呈聚集型，但聚集强度不大，锈病斑个体群大小不是一成不变的，而是随着锈病斑密度的增加而增大，其平均个体群大小为48.42。苹果树叶片上锈病斑的空间格局IwaoM*-m回归模型为M*=0.997 2+5.686 8m(R2=0.999 9)，Taylor幂模型为log(S2)=0.148 3+1.633 2log m(R2=0.956 8)，2个模型均判定锈病斑在所有密度下均呈聚集分布，随着锈病斑密度增大，聚集强度也增大。
- Abstract:
- Apple trees are the main tree species of the economic forest in the southeast area of Tibet，which have a serious hazard of Gymnosporangium yamadae in recent years.Apple trees which distributed in Gongbu Nature Reserve of Tibet were used as research objects.Based on the field investigation，spatial distribution pattern of G.yamadae spots on apple leaves which distributed in Gongbu Nature Reserve of Tibet were studied by diffusion coefficient C，Morisita index I，Cassie index Ca，mean crowding M*，Lloyd patchiness index，negative binomial parameter K，Iwao regression analysis，Taylor power index.The results showed that the quantitative characteristics of G.yamadae spots on the apple leaves were as follows,the middle part>the lower part>the upper part，the west>the east>the north>the south.The number of G.yamadae spots on apple leaves accounted for 39.33% for the middle part，19.32% for the middle left，20.01% for the middle right，31.53% for the lower part，15.37% for the lower left and 16.16% for the lower right;29.14% for the upper part，14.70% for the upper left and 14.44% for the upper right.That of the left and right was 49.39% and 50.61%，respectively.The G.yamadae spots on the apple leaves mainly existed as 10-40 aggregation forms.30≤b<40 was the most，the number of G.yamadae spots accounted for 17.36% of the total.The spatial distribution pattern of G.yamadae spots on the apple leaves was aggregated type，but the aggregation intensity was not great.The individual clump size of G.yamadae spots was not static，and it increased with G.yamadae spots density increasing，the average value was 48.42.The IwaoM*-m model of spatial distribution pattern was M*=0.997 2+5.686 8m (R2=0.999 9) for G.yamadae spots on apple leaves，and the Taylor power model was log(S2)=0.148 3+1.633 2log m (R2=0.956 8).The G.yamadae spots belonged to aggregation distribution at all densities by the two models，and the aggregation intensity increased with the increasing of the G.yamadae spots density.The study results provided the foundation for sustainable control of G.yamadae.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：唐晓琴（1977-），女，硕士，副教授，研究方向为植物保护。E-mail:74143648@qq.com.责任作者：卢杰（1973-），男，硕士，副教授，研究方向为植物生态与植物保护。E-mail:tibetlj@163.com.基金项目：西藏自治区自然科学基金资助项目（2014-2015）。