LEI Yazhen,GU Qin,LI Xiaolong,et al.Effect of Bees Pollination on Fruit Setting Rate and Fruit Traits of ‘Fuji’ Apple in the Irrigation Area of Ningxia[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(16):37-42.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20170584]
蜜蜂授粉对宁夏引黄灌区“富士”苹果坐果率及果实性状的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Bees Pollination on Fruit Setting Rate and Fruit Traits of ‘Fuji’ Apple in the Irrigation Area of Ningxia
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为探究蜜蜂授粉对宁夏引黄灌区“富士”苹果坐果率和果实性状的影响，于2015—2016年连续2年，在银川市河东生态园艺示范中心，研究了蜜蜂授粉、自然风媒授粉、自然虫媒授粉等不同授粉方式对“富士”苹果坐果率及果实性状的影响。结果表明：在整个生长季内，蜜蜂授粉、自然状态、自然风媒情况下的“富士”苹果生长动态均呈单‘S’型生长曲线。单一蜜蜂授粉的效果是自然风媒的2。39倍，是自然虫媒的1。83倍。蜜蜂授粉能显著提高苹果花序坐果率、花朵坐果率，增加种子数量，可以有效延长果实幼果期10～13 d，为果实生长发育前期（细胞分裂期）细胞数量的增加与积累争取了时间；蜜蜂授粉后，明显提高了“富士”苹果幼果的生长量和生长速度。蜜蜂授粉可以显著增粗增长果柄、增加可溶性固形物含量和单果质量，进而提高产量；并能提高苹果果实果形指数，降低果形偏斜率，从而显著改善了苹果果实的外观品质，最终有效提高了苹果果实的商品价值。
- Abstract:
- To explore the effect of bees pollination on fruit setting rate and fruit traits of ‘Fuji’ apple in the irrigation area of Ningxia，for two consecutive years in 2015—2016 in Yinchuan Hedong ecological horticulture demonstration center，the effect of bee pollination，nature wind pollination，nature insect pollination on fruit setting rate and fruit shape for ‘Fuji’ apple experiment were carried out.The results showed that，in the whole growing season，under method of bee pollination，the state of nature，natural insect，the ‘Fuji’ apple growth characteristics were in single type ‘S’ the dynamic growth curve.A single bee pollination effection was 2.39 times that of natural wind vector was 1.83 times that of the natural insect-borne.Bees pollinated could significantly improve apple inflorescence fruit-setting rate，flowers fruit setting rate，increase the number of seeds，could effectively extend fruit period 10 days to 13 days，for the fruit growth and development early phase (cell division) buy an increase in the number of cells and the accumulation of time；after bee pollination，could significantly improve the growth speeding and the growth of young fruit.Bee pollination could significantly increase the coarse growth peduncle，increasing the soluble solids content and fruit weight，thus increasing production；and could improve the apple fruit shape index，reduce the slope shape，so as to significantly improve the appearance of apple fruit quality，eventually improve the apple fruit commodity value.Keywords:‘Fuji’ apple；bee pollination；fruit setting rate；fruit development；fruit traits
参考文献/References:
[1]窦云萍,李秋波,许泽华,等.宁夏引黄灌区“红富士”苹果果实品质分析[J].北方园艺,2014(24):35-37.
相似文献/References:
[1]胥生荣,刘富庭,张永旺,等.半根干旱对成年“富士”苹果树水分运输和稳定同位素的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(22):14.
XU Sheng-rong,LIU Fu-ting,ZHANG Yong-wang,et al.Effects of Half-root Zone Drying on Water Transportation and Stable Isotope of Mature ‘Fuji’Apple Trees[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(16):14.
[2]李文海,黄 远,赵 露,等.设施西瓜不同品种泌蜜量和花粉萌发特性的研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(03):19.
LI Wen-hai,HUANG Yuan,ZHAO Lu,et al.Study on the Nectar Content and Pollen Germination Characteristics of Different Watermelon Cultivars Under Protected Cultivation[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(16):19.
[3]吴小华,颉敏华,张永茂,等.不同包装方式对1-MCP处理“富士”苹果保鲜效果的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(17):165.
WU Xiao-hua,XIE Min-hua,ZHANG Yong-mao,et al.Effect of 1-MCP with Different Packaging Method on Fresh Keeping of ‘Fuji’Apple[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(16):165.
[4]王学喜,颉敏华,吴小华,等.1-MCP整库处理对冷藏及货架期间“富士”苹果保鲜效果的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(23):154.
WANG Xue-xi,XIE Min-hua,WU Xiao-hua,et al.Effect of 1-MCP Whole Base Treatment on Fresh Keeping of Majus pumila Mill‘Fuji’ During Cold Storage and Shelf Period[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(16):154.
[5]曾梅,王红艳,王婕,等.套袋对“富士”苹果萼筒开张率及霉心病的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(15):122.
ZENG Mei,WANG Hong-yan,WANG Jie,et al.Influence of Bagging ‘Fuji’ Fruit on the Rate the of Calyx Tube Opened and Moldy Core Disease[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(16):122.
[6]魏雯雯,吕平,冯建华,等.CO2高透性“富士”苹果保鲜膜的研制与应用[J].北方园艺,2014,38(20):141.
WEI Wen-wen,LYU Ping,FENG Jian-hua,et al.Development and Application of CO2High-Permeability Preservation Film for ‘Fuji’ Apple[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(16):141.
[7]倪蔚茹,牛军强,查养良,等.果树防冻营养剂对“富士”苹果生长及果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2015,39(17):28.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201517008]
NI Weiru,NIU Junqiang,CHA Yangliang,et al.Effect of Fruit Tree Antifreeze Nutrition Agent on the Growth and the Fruit Quality of ‘Fuji’ Apples[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(16):28.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201517008]
[8]史进,李文胜,张俊苗.生草对树冠不同部位果实产量和品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2016,40(19):22.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201619006]
SHI Jin,LI Wensheng,ZHANG Junmiao.Influence of Sod Culture to Yield and Quality of Different Parts of Apple Tree Crown[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(16):22.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201619006]
[9]（山东省果树研究所,山东 泰安 7000).花粉直感效应对“富士”苹果套袋果实挥发性成分的影响[J].北方园艺,2016,40(22):25.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201622006]
WANG Haibo,WANG Chuanzeng,CHENG Lailiang,et al.Effect of Metaxenia on Volatile Compounds in Bagged Fruits of ‘Fuji’ Apple[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(16):25.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201622006]
[10]周进,吴杨焕,张爱萍.不同授粉方法对设施番茄果实生长发育的影响[J].北方园艺,2017,41(10):47.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201710011]
ZHOU Jin,WU Yanghuan,ZHANG Aiping.Effects of Different Pollination Ways on Growth and Development of Tomato in Greenhouse[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(16):47.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201710011]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：雷亚珍（1989-），女，宁夏银川人，硕士，研究方向为果树生理。E-mail：331041913@qq.com.