GU Xin,REN Cuimei,YANG Li,et al.Effects of Different Nitrogen Levels on Growth and Yield ofJerusalem Artichoke in Dry Farmland[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(22):108-112.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20164701]
不同施氮水平对旱地菊芋生长及产量的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Nitrogen Levels on Growth and Yield ofJerusalem Artichoke in Dry Farmland
- Keywords:
- nitrogen fertilizer; jerusalem artichoke; botany characteristic; dry matter allocation; yield
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以“定芋1号”菊芋为试材，采用田间小区种植试验，设置3个施氮水平，分别是667 m2施氮20 kg（N1，低肥）、40 kg（N2，中肥）、60 kg（N3，高肥），以不施氮（N0）为对照（CK），研究了不同施氮水平对菊芋植物学性状、干物质分配、块茎性状及产量的影响，以期为大庆地区菊芋的高产高效栽培提供参考依据。结果表明：N2和N3处理菊芋平均株高分别为256、276 cm，均显著高于N1处理及对照（P<0.05）；单株块茎鲜质量的大小顺序为N3＞N2＞N1＞N0；茎和叶的干物质量占整株的比例均为N0>N1>N2>N3，根的干物质量占整株的比例基本一致，块茎的干物质量占整株的比例为N3＞N2＞N1＞N0；N1、N2、N3处理667 m2平均产量分别为615、934、1 235 kg，与对照（667 m2平均产量391 kg）相比，分别增产57%、139%、216%。研究结果表明，氮肥的施用能够促进菊芋的生长，增加植株的开展度，缩短茎节间的距离，增加叶片数量，有利于菊芋生殖器官（块茎）膨大，达到一定的增产效果。
- Abstract:
- ‘Dingyu 1’ jerusalem artichoke was used as test material，a field polt planting experiment was conducted，using three nitrogen application levels per 667 m2，respectively 20 kg (N1,low fertilizer)，40 kg (N2,medium fertilizer)，60 kg (N3,high fertilizer)，taking no nitrogen application(N0) as control treatment.The effects of different nitrogen application levels on botany characteristics，dry matter allocation，tubers trait and yield of jerusalem artichoke were studied，with a view to provide some scientific reference for the high yield and high efficiency cultivation of jerusalem artichoke in Daqing area.The results showed that the average plant height of jerusalem artichoke in N2 and N3 treatments were respectively 256 cm and 276 cm，which were significantly higher than that of N1 treatment and N0 (P<0.05).Fresh weight of single plant tuber was N3＞N2＞N1＞N0.Stem and leaf dry matter accounted for the proportion of the whole plant both were N0>N1>N2>N3.Root dry matter accounted for the proportion of the whole plant was basically unchanged.Tuber dry matter accounted for the proportion of the whole plant was N3＞N2＞N1＞N0，and 667 m2 yield of N1，N2 and N3 treatments were respectively 615 kg,934 kg and 1 235 kg，increasing by 57%，139% and 216% compared with N0 (391 kg per 667 m2).It was concluded that the application of nitrogen fertilizer could promote the growth of jerusalem artichoke，increase expansion of plant，shorten distance of stem internodes，increase numbers of leaf，and enlarge reproductive organs (tubers) of plant to a certain extent.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：顾鑫（1988-），男，硕士，研究实习员，现主要从事土壤改良与土壤生态等研究工作。E-mail：guxin88@yeah.net.