XUE Xinping,CHEN Minke.Oil Content and Composition Analysis of Fatty Acids in the Kernel of Five Stone Fruit Trees[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(19):49-51.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201619013]
五种核果类果树种仁油含量与脂肪酸组成分析
- Title:
- Oil Content and Composition Analysis of Fatty Acids in the Kernel of Five Stone Fruit Trees
- Keywords:
- stone fruit trees; kernel; extracted by soxhlet; fatty acids; GC analysis
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以桃（Prunus persica）、山桃（Prunus davidiana）、杏（Prunus armeniaca）、李（Prunus salicina）和樱桃（Prunus avium）等5种核果类果树种仁为试材，采用索氏提取法对5种种仁的脂肪进行提取，采用气相色谱法检测主要脂肪酸种类，对比分析了5种种仁的性质及脂肪酸组成。结果表明：5种果实种仁含油量分别为桃仁43.5%、山桃仁43.4%、杏仁43.0%、李仁37.6%、樱桃仁30.7%；各种仁油脂肪酸的主要组成分别为棕榈酸（palmitic acid，C16:0）、棕榈油酸（palmitoleic acid，C16:1）、硬脂酸（stearic acid，C18:0）、油酸（oleic acid，C18:1）和亚油酸（linoleic acid，C18:2），其中油酸占总脂肪酸的比例最高。说明这5种核果类果树种仁中均富集油酸，为高油酸植物，可以开发为高油酸型木本油料。
- Abstract:
- Kernel oils from five stone fruits including peach(Prunus persica)，Chinese wild peach(Prunus davidiana)，apricot(Prunus armeniaca)，plum(Prunus salicina) and cherry(Prunus avium) were extracted by soxhlet apparatus with petroleum ether.The results showed that the kernel oil contents of five kinds of fruit trees were peach kernel 43.5%，Chinese wild peach kernel 43.4%，apricot kernel 43.0%，plum kernel 37.6% and cherry kernel 30.7%.Gas chromatography analysis were carried out to determine the fatty acid compositions of the various kernel oils.The results showed that five main fatty acids in total were detected which were palmitic acid，palmitoleic acid，stearic acid，oleic acid and linoleic acid，respectively.The oleic acid accounted for the highest percentage of total fatty acids.Oleic acid was accumulated in seeds of five kinds of stone fruit trees which made them high oleic acid plants and had the potential to be developed as one of the high-oleic woody oil crops.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：薛新平（1963-），男，本科，副研究员，现主要从事露地和设施果树栽培技术等研究工作。E-mail:xxp15834065878@163.com.责任作者：陈敏克（1964-），女，硕士，副研究员，现主要从事农业信息分析等研究工作。E-mail：mksx@163.com.基金项目：山西省科技厅技术平台资助项目（2013091003-0105）。