LYU Chaoyan,ZHANG Ximing,LYU Wei,et al.Seed Germination Responses of Haloxylon ammodendron to Drought and Salt Stress[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(01):55-60.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201601015]
梭梭种子萌发对干旱和盐分胁迫的响应
- Title:
- Seed Germination Responses of Haloxylon ammodendron to Drought and Salt Stress
- Keywords:
- Haloxylon ammodendron; salt stress; drought stress; seed germination
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以荒漠严酷环境下植物种子适应性为科学问题,运用生理生态学原理,以采自不同生境的5个梭梭种群的种子为试材,在实验室模拟基础上,研究了梭梭种子萌发对干旱和盐分胁迫的响应规律。结果表明:在PEG溶液和盐溶液中,来自不同生境梭梭种群的种子其萌发率均随水势的降低而下降,分别到-2.26 MPa和-4.15 MPa时,所有种群梭梭种子萌发率均接近于零。在水势相等的情况下,所有种子的萌发均受到NaCl和等渗PEG溶液的抑制,并且等渗NaCl溶液对梭梭种子萌发的抑制程度要显著小于PEG溶液,说明渗透胁迫是影响梭梭种子萌发的主要因素。当解除盐胁迫后,梭梭种子恢复萌发率较高,表现出一定程度的高盐诱导休眠现象。水势相等条件下,PEG溶液中恢复萌发率低于NaCl 溶液中恢复萌发率,表明离子效应对梭梭种子的影响要小于渗透胁迫。可见,梭梭种子萌发对盐分和干旱胁迫适应性强,是该种群恢复和保育的基础。
- Abstract:
- Using physiological principles of ecology,focused on the seed suitability of plant in the harsh desert environment,and based on laboratory simulation,with seeds of Haloxylon ammodendron from different habitat as materials,the effect of drought and salt stress on seed germination of Haloxylon ammodendron was studied.The results showed that a trend could be observed in all seeds from different populations in PEG and saline solutions.All germination rate decreased with decreasing water potential.When the water potential reached -2.26 MPa and -4.15 MPa separately,the germination rates in all population were close to 0.The inhibitory effect on germination of all the seeds could be detected in NaCl and Iso-osmotic PEG.And the inhibitory effect of Iso-osmotic NaCl was lower than PEG.It showed that the osmotic stress was the main factor that affect the germination of H.ammodendron.When salinity stress was alleviated,the germination of H.ammodendron could recover quickly.And it meant that hypersaline conditions could induce dormancy of these species.In the equal water potential,the re-germination rate in PEG solution was lower than in NaCl.It included the effect of ion stress on germination was lower than osmotic stress.Therefore,H.ammodendron’s high adaptability of seed germination to drought and salinity stress was the basis of the population’s restoration and conservation.
参考文献/References:
[1]UNGAR I A.Seed germination and seed-bank ecology in halophytes[A].In:KIGEL J,GALILI G(eds).Seed Development and Germination[C].New York:Marcel Dekker,1995,599-628. [2]KHAN M A,GULZAR S.Germination responses of Sporobolus ioclados:a saline desert grass[J].Journal of Arid Environments,2003,53(3):387-394. [3]GUTTERMAN Y.Seed germination in desert plant[C].Adaptations of Oganisms,Berlin:Springer-Verlag,1993. [4]张勇,薛林贵,高天鹏,等.荒漠植物种子萌发研究进展[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(1):106-112. [5]LEVITT J.Responses of plants to environmental stresses[M].New York:Academical Press,1980,1-496. [6]EVANS C E,ETHERINGTON J R.The effect of water potential on seed germination of some British plants[J].New Phyiologist,1990,115:539-548. [7]阎顺国,沈禹颖.生态因子对碱茅种子萌发期耐盐性影响的数量分析[J].植物生态学报,1996,20(5):414-422. [8]EGAN T P,UNGAR I A,MEEKINS J F.The effect of different salts of sodium and potassium on the germination of Atriplex prostrata (Chenopodiaceae) [J].Journal of Plant Nutrition,1997(20):1723-1730. [9]KATEMBE W J,UNGAR I A,MITCHELL J P.Effect of salinity on germination and seedling growth of tow Atriplex species (Chenopodiaceae) [J].Annals of Botany,1998,82:167-175. [10]TOBE K,LI X M,OMASA K.Seed germination and growth of a halophyte,Kalidium caspicum (Chenopodiaceae) [J].Annals of Botany,2000,85:391-396. [11]曾彦军,王彦荣,萨仁,等.几种旱生灌木种子萌发对干旱胁迫的响应[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(8):953-956. [12]易津,王学敏,谷安琳,等.驼绒藜属牧草种子水分生理及幼苗耐旱性研究[J].草地学报,2003,11(2):103-109. [13]ZHENG Y R,XIE Z X,GAO Y,et al.Germination responses of Caragana korshinskii Kom.to light,temperature and water stress[J].Ecological Research,2004,19(5):553-558. [14]李利,张希明,何兴元.胡杨种子萌发和胚根生长对环境因子变化的响应[J].干旱区研究,2005,22(4):520-525. [15]张勇,薛林贵,高天鹏,等.荒漠植物种子萌发研究进展[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(1):106-112. [16]吴征镒.中国植被[M].北京:科学出版社,1995,455-473. [17]贾志清,卢琦,郭保贵,等.沙生植物——梭梭研究进展[J].林业科学研究,2004,17(1):125-132. [18]梁远强,任步远,王永红,等.新疆梭梭林更新技术研究[J].新疆农业科学,1990(5):218-220. [19]国家环境保护局自然保护司保护区与物种管理处.珍稀濒危植物保护与研究[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1991,157-170. [20]胡式之.中国西北地区的梭梭荒漠[J].植物生态学与地植物学丛刊,1963(Z1):81-103. [21]陈昌笃.古尔班通古特沙漠的沙地植物群落、区系及其分布的基本特征[J].植物生态学与地植物学丛刊,1983,7(2):89-98. [22]SHI S Q,SHI Z,QI L,et al.Molecular responses and expression analysis of genes in a xerophytic desert shrub Haloxylon ammodendron (Chenopodiaceae) to environmental stresses[J].African Journal of Biotechnology,2009,8(12):2667-2676. [23]解婷婷,张希明,梁少民,等.不同灌溉量对塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地梭梭水分生理特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(4):711-716. [24]许浩,张希明,闫海龙,等.塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)蒸腾耗水规律[J].生态学报,2008,28(8):3713-3720. [25]李建贵,宁虎森,刘斌.梭梭种群性状结构与空间分布格局的初步研究[J].新疆农业大学学报,2003,26(3):51-54. [26]常静,潘存德,师瑞锋.梭梭-白梭梭群落优势种种群分布格局及其种问关系分析[J].新疆农业大学学报,2006,29(2):26-29. [27]张锦春,王继和,安富博,等.民勤天然梭梭种群初步研究[J].中国沙漠,2009,29(6):1124-1128. [28]吕朝燕,张希明,刘国军,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘梭梭种群结构和空间格局特征[J].中国沙漠,2012,32(2):380-387. [29]TBOE K,LI X M,OMASA K.Effects of irrigation on seedling emergence and seedling survival of a desert shrub Haloxylon ammodendron (Chenopodiaceae)[J].Australian Journal of Botany,2005,53:529-534. [30]黄振英,张新时,GUTTERMAN Y,等.光照、温度和盐分对梭梭种子萌发的影响[J].植物生理学报,2001,27(3):275-580. [31]李亚,张莹花,王继和,等.不同盐分胁迫对梭梭种子发芽的影响[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(9):293-297. [32]薛建国,韩建国,王显国,等.NaCl和PEG对华北驼绒藜和梭梭种子萌发的影响[J].草地学报,2008,16(5):470-474. [33]郑光华,徐本美,顾增辉.PEG“引发”种子的效果[J].植物学报,1985,27(3):329-333. [34]季方.塔里木盆地绿洲土壤水盐动态变化与调控[M].北京:海洋出版社,2001:36-37. [35]MICHEL B E,KAUFMANN M R.The osmotic potential of polyethylene glycol 6000[J].Plant Physiology,1973,51:914-916. [36]MICHEL B E,DABID R.A computer program relating solute potential to solution composition for five solutes[J].Agronomy Journal,1995,87:126-130. [37]UNGAR I A.Ecophysiology of Vascular Halophytes[M].Boca Raton:CRC Press,1991:9-48. [38]KHAN M A,SHEITH K H.Effects of different levels of salinity on seed germination and growth of Capsicum annuum[J].Biologia,1996,22:15-16. [39]李宏,程平,郑朝晖,等.盐旱胁迫对新疆3种造林树木种子萌发的影响[J].西北植物学报,2011,31(7):1466-1473. [40]UNGAR I A.Halophyte seed germination [J].Botanical Review,1978,44:233-264. [41]曾幼玲,蔡忠贞,马纪,等.盐分和水分胁迫对两种盐生植物盐爪爪和盐穗木种子萌发的影响[J].生态学杂志,2006,25(9):1014-1018. [42]赵可夫,范海.盐生植物及其对盐渍生境的适应生理[M].北京:科学出版社,2005:46-47. [43]王娅,李利,钱翌,等.盐分与水分胁迫对两种猪毛菜种子萌发的影响[J].干旱区地理,2007,30(2):217-222. [44]王娅.新疆四种猪毛菜种子萌发对主要生态因子的响应[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2007. [45]LI L,ZHANG X M,RUNGE M,et al.Responses of germination and radicle growth of two populus species to water potential and salinity[J].Forstey Studies in China,2006,8(1):10-15. [46]YAN S G,SHEN Y Y.Effects of ecological factors on salt-tolerance of Puccinellia tenuiflora seeds during germination[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,1996,20(5):414-422. [47]渠晓霞,黄振英.盐生植物种子萌发对环境的适应对策[J].生态学报,2005,25(9):2389-2398. [48]KHAN M A,UNGAR I A.Effects of thermoperiod on recovery of seed germination of halophytes from saline conditions[J].American Journal of Botany,1997,84(2):279-283.
相似文献/References:
[1]胡凤霞,唐艳领,刘金,等.辣椒砧木的筛选及其耐盐性研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(04):24.
[2]石秋梅,邓翻云,吴敏言,等.罗布麻和大叶白麻种子萌发及幼苗生长耐盐性研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(12):128.
SHI Qiu-mei,DENG Fan-yun,WU Min-yan,et al. Study on Salt Tolerance of Apocynum venetum Linn.and Poacynum hendersonii(Hook.f.) Woodson at Stages of Seed Germination and Seedlings Growth[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(01):128.
[3]张 芬,张 波,田丽萍,等.盐胁迫对番茄幼苗叶片光合特性及叶绿素和β-胡萝卜素含量的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(11):15.
ZHANG Fen,ZHANG Bo,TIAN Li-ping,et al.Effect of Salt Stress on Photosynthetic Characteristic and the Content of Chlorophyll and β-carotene in Tomato Seedling Leaves[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(01):15.
[4]常青山,张利霞,郑轶琦,等.盐胁迫下钙离子对苜蓿种子萌发的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(10):64.
CHANG Qing-shan,ZHANG Li-xia,ZHENG Yi-qi,et al.Effects of Ca2+?on Seed Germination Characteristics of Medicago sativa Under Salt Stress[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(01):64.
[5]杨 凯,孙迎坤,谭 雯,等.盐胁迫对香石竹种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(22):86.
YANG Kai,SUN Ying-kun,TAN Wen,et al.Effects of Salt Stress on Seeds Germination and Seedling Growth of Carnation[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(01):86.
[6]张 娇,张大治,马 艳,等.氯化钠模拟盐胁迫对沙冬青种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(14):65.
ZHANG Jiao,ZHANG Da-zhi,MA Yan,et al.Effect of NaCl Simulation of Salt Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(01):65.
[7]韩志平,张海霞,刘 渊,等.NaCl胁迫对不同品种黄瓜种子萌发特性的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(01):1.
HAN Zhi-ping,ZHANG Hai-xia,LIU Yuan,et al.Effects of NaCl Stress on the Germination Characteristics of Different Varieties of Cucumber Seeds[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(01):1.
[8]何会流.外源水杨酸对盐胁迫下凤仙花种子萌发特性的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(13):75.
HE Hui-liu.Effect of Exogenous Salicylic Acid on the Seeds Germination Characters of Impatiens balsamina L.Under NaCl Stress[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(01):75.
[9]刘 杰.盐碱胁迫对向日葵体内矿质营养的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(02):1.
LIU Jie.Effects of Simulated Salt and Alkali Conditions on the Mineral Nutrition of Helianthus annuusL.[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(01):1.
[10]张芬,张波,田丽萍,等.盐胁迫对加工番茄叶片番茄红素[J].北方园艺,2014,38(04):82.
ZHANG Fen,ZHANG Bo,TIAN Li-ping,et al.Effect of Salt Stress on Expression of Lycopene Cyclase Gene in Processing Tomato Leaves[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(01):82.
备注/Memo
第一作者简介:吕朝燕(1985-),男,重庆巴南人,博士,研究方向为植物资源利用与恢复生态学及种子生态学。E-mail:lvchaoyan1985@126.com.责任作者:张希明(1951-),男,江苏镇江人,研究员,研究方向为植物生理生态学与种群生态学。E-mail:zhxm@ms.xjb.ac.cn.基金项目:贵州省教育厅自然科学研究资助项目(黔教合KY字[2015]409号);遵义师范学院博士启动基金资助项目(遵师BS[2014]17号);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30870472)。