WU Da-fu,ZHU Dong-hai,WU Hai-qing,et al.Requirement of ‘Environmental Breeding’ for Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soils[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(10):190-194.
重金属污染土壤的植物修复对“环保育种”的呼唤
- Title:
- Requirement of ‘Environmental Breeding’ for Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soils
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2013)10-0190-05
- 分类号:
- X 53
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 因人类活动诸如采矿、冶炼、电镀、电源和燃料生产、垃圾堆积过程和农业集约化中化肥、农药、除草剂等大量和超量使用等排入到环境中，导致重金属污染土壤，带来了严重的后果。而植物对重金属的抗性、避性和富集性及超富集性，使得污染土壤的植物修复和利用成为可能。由于自然的超富集植物具有地域性、植物种类的差异性，且忍耐重金属浓度的有限性，因此，超富集植物具有修复时间长的特点。现针对重金属污染土壤的修复和利用提出了“环保育种”的概念，以及开展“环保育种”的基础和广阔的应用前景。为加快修复和利用被重金属污染的土壤，“环保育种”迫在眉睫。
- Abstract:
- As a result of human activities such as mining and smelting of metalliferous ores，electroplating，energy and fuel production，and fertilizer and pesticides of intensive agriculture，the soil polluted by heavy metals，and the serious consequences are brought about.Because the plants have resistance，avoidance，bioaccumulation and hyperaccumulation to heavy metals，it is possible for using plants to remediation the contaminated soil by heavy metals and utilizing these polluted soils to produce production.However，the natural hyperaccumutors have the endemic features，and differed among plant species.At the same time，these plants have the limited level of heavy metals concentration，thereby，the phytoremediation cost long time to remediation the polluted soils by heavy metals.The concept of ‘environmental breeding’ was first put forward in the paper.Then the bases of ‘environmental breeding’ were discussed.Therefore the ‘environmental breeding’ will have the broad application prospects.In order to accelerate the phytoremediation speed，the environmental breeding will be imminent.
参考文献/References:
[1]Brookes P C.The use of microbial parameters in monitoring soil pollution by heavy metals[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,1995,19:269-279.
[2]周东美,郝秀珍,薛艳,等.污染土壤的修复技术研究进展[J].生态环境,2004，13(2):234-242.
[3]陈怀满,郑春荣,涂从,等.中国土壤重金属污染现状与防治对策[J].Ambio,1999,28(2):130-134.
[4]Asha A J,Sanjeev K S,Ackmez M.Comprehensive overview of elements in bioremediation[J].Reviews in Environtal Science and Biotechnology,2010(9):215-288.
[5]Alkorta I,Hernández Allica J,Becerril J M,et al.Recent findings on the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with environmentally toxic heavy metals and metalloids such as zinc，cadmium，lead，and arsenic[J].Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology,2004(3):71-90.
[6]陈英旭.土壤重金属的植物污染化学[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.
[7]Baker A J M,Brooks R R.Terrestrial higher plants which hyperaccumulate metallic elementsa review of their distribution[J].Ecology and Phytochemistry,1989(1):81-126.
[8]Brooks R R,Lee J,Reevers R D.Detection of nickelferous rocks by analysis of herbarium specimens of indicator plant[J].J of Geochemical Exploration,1977(7):49-57.
[9]Chaney R L,Malik M，Li Y M.Phytoremediation of soil metalscurrence and opinion[J].Biotechology,1997(8):279-284.
[10]Broadhurst C L,Chaney R L,Angle J S,et al.Simultaneous hyperaccumulation of nickel，manganese，and calcium in Alyssum leaf trichomes[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2004,38:5797-5802.
[11]Singh O V，Labana S L，Pandey G，et al.Phytoremediation：an overview of metallic ion decontamination from soil[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2003,61:405-412.
[12]Bert V，Macnair M R，Lagurie P D E,et al.Zinc tolerance and accumulation in metallicolous populations of Arabi dopsis halleri (Brassicaceae)[J].New Phytologist,2000,146:225-233.
[13]韦朝阳,陈同斌.重金属超富集植物及植物修复技术研究进展[J].生态学报,2001,21(7)：1196-1203.
[14]雷梅,岳庆玲,陈同斌,等.湖南柿竹园矿区土壤重金属含量及植物吸收特征[J].生态学报,2005,25(5):11461151.
[15]杨超光,豆虎,梁永超,等.硅对土壤外源镉活性和玉米吸收镉的影响[J].中国农业科学，2005,38(1):116121.
[16]季书勤,郭瑞,王汉芳,等.河南省主要小麦品种重金属污染评价及镉吸收规律研究[J].麦类作物学报,2006,26(6):154-157.
[17]王焕校.污染生态学(第2版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[18]李永华,杨林生,姬艳芳,等.铅锌矿区土壤植物系统中植物吸收铅的研究[J].环境科学，2008,29(1):196201.
[19]郭晓方,卫泽斌,丘锦荣,等.玉米对重金属累积与转运的品种间差异[J].生态与农村环境学报,2010,26(4):367-371.
[20]王松良,郑金贵.土壤重金属污染的植物修复与金属超富集植物及其遗传工程研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2007,15(1):190-194.
[21]Robinson B H，Leblanc M，Daniel P,et al.The potential of Thlaspi caeru lescens for phytoremediation of contaminated soils[J].Plant and Soil,1998,203:47-56.
[22]Evans L D.The dirt on phytoremediation[J].J of Soil and Water，2002,57:12-15.
[23]Baker A J M，McGrath S P，Sidolicm D.The possibility of in situ heavy metal decontamination of polluted soils using crops of metal accumulating plants[J].Resourse，Conservation and Recycling,1994,11：41-49.
[24]Robinson B H,Chiarucci A，Brooks R R,et al.The nickel hyperaccumulator plant Alyssum bertolonii as a potential agent for phytoremediation and phytomining of nickel[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,1997,59:75-86.
[25]Shukla P K，Sharma S，Singh K N,et al.Nature role of root exudates：efficacy in bioremediation[J].African Journal of Biotechnology,2011,48:9717-9724.
[26]Kulli B，Balmer M，Krebs R.The influence of nitrilotriacetate on heavy metal uptake of lettuce and ryegrass[J].J Environ Qual,1999,28:6-10.
[27]刘海军,陈源泉,隋鹏,等.马唐与玉米间作对镉的富集效研究初探[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(15):206-210. [28]廖晓勇,陈同斌,谢华,等.磷肥对砷污染土壤的植物修复效率的影响:田间实例研究[J].环境科学学报,2004,24(3):455-462.
[29]楼玉兰,章永松,林咸永.氮肥形态对污泥农用土壤中重金属活性及玉米对其吸收的影响[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2005,31(4):392-398.
[30]Jaco V，Rolf H，Nele W，et al.Phytoremediation of contaminated soils and groundwater：lessons from the field[J].Environ Sci Res,2009,16:765-794.
[31]黑亮,吴启堂,龙新宪,等.东南景天和玉米套种对Zn污染污泥的处理效应[J].环境科学，2007,28(4):852-858.
相似文献/References:
[1]王 强.重金属对苔藓植物影响的研究进展[J].北方园艺,2014,38(10):169.
WANG Qiang.Advance in the Effects of Heavy Metals on Bryophytes[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(10):169.
[2]陈晓云,张亚文,詹德江,等.辽宁海城设施蔬菜土壤重金属污染评价研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(01):165.
CHEN Xiao-yun,ZHANG Ya-wen,ZHAN De-jiang,et al.Study on Evaluation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution of Greenhouse Vegetable in North China[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(10):165.
[3]贺小琴,张永清.离石区蔬菜大棚土壤重金属污染现状评价[J].北方园艺,2014,38(04):155.
HE Xiao-qin,ZHANG Yong-qing.Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Vegetable Greenhouse in Lishi District[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(10):155.
[4]梁巧玲,杨晖,赵鹂.丽水市郊蔬菜重金属含量及健康风险分析[J].北方园艺,2013,37(12):21.
LIANG Qiao-ling,YANG Hui,ZHAO Li.Analysis of Heavy Metal Contents in Vegetables of Lishui Suburb and the Health Hazard[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(10):21.
[5]张满满,肖 昕,谭 敏.徐州北郊土壤重金属污染评价研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(06):177.
ZHANG Man-man,XIAO Xin,TAN Min.Study on the Soil Heavy Metals Pollution Evaluation in the Northern Suburb of Xuzhou City[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(10):177.
[6]关梦茜,董然.重金属污染土壤的花卉植物修复研究进展[J].北方园艺,2013,37(21):187.
GUAN Meng-xi,DONG Ran.Research Progress on the Flowers Remediation in Heavy Metal Pollution Soil[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(10):187.
[7]马文哲,王文光,吴春霞,等.杨凌示范区蔬菜中重金属污染分析与评价[J].北方园艺,2012,36(17):46.
MA Wen-zhe,WANG Wen-guang,WU Chun-xia,et al.Analysis and Evaluation on Heavy Metal Pollution of Vegetables in Yangling Demonstration Zone[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(10):46.
[8]李庚飞.几种菊科植物对矿区土壤重金属的吸收研究[J].北方园艺,2012,36(06):72.
LI Geng-fei.Study on the Contents of Heavy Metals in Several Compositae Plants in Gold Area[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(10):72.
[9]任伟,张思冲,王春光,等.哈尔滨交通干道两侧土壤重金属潜在生态危害评价[J].北方园艺,2012,36(06):141.
REN Wei,ZHANG Si-chong,WANG Chun guang,et al.The Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals on Both Sides of the Harbin City Road[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(10):141.
[10]朱秀敏,王僧虎,李丽.几种苔藓植物对五种重金属富集能力的比较[J].北方园艺,2012,36(23):88.
ZHU Xiu-min,WANG Seng-hu,LI Li.Several Species of Bryophytes Heavy Metal Accumulation[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(10):88.
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：吴大付(1965-)，男，博士，教授，现主要从事农业环境保护与发展等方面的教学与科研工作。E-mail:uau527@yahoo.com.cn.
基金项目：国家“863”计划资助项目(2012AA101404)。
收稿日期：2013-01-19