LI Yifei,WANG Xige,LI Linyu,et al.Effects of Different Organic Fertilizer Ratios on Soil Nutrients，Growth and Fruiting of Young Apple Trees[J].Northern Horticulture,2026,(10):98-106.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20253921]
不同有机肥配比对土壤养分及苹果幼树生长和结果的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Organic Fertilizer Ratios on Soil Nutrients，Growth and Fruiting of Young Apple Trees
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2026)10-0098-09
- Keywords:
- apple; organic fertilizer ratio; soil nutrient; young tree growth; fruit quality
- 分类号:
- S661.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以‘秦脆/楸子’美植袋幼苗为试材，采用不同栽培基质配比处理的方法，设置普通园土与有机肥3∶1、3∶2、3∶3 3种体积栽培基质配比，研究了普通园土与有机肥不同比例对带分枝大苗培育过程中土壤理化性质、植株生长及果实品质的影响，以期为苹果带分枝大苗培育及高标准果园建设提供参考依据。结果表明：普通园土与有机肥按3∶1和3∶2体积比配制的栽培基质显著改善了土壤通透性，提高了土壤有机质含量和碱解氮等养分供应水平，增强了植株光合能力，促进了植株生长并改善了果实品质；其中3∶1处理综合效果最佳。相比之下，3∶3配比因有机肥用量过高易引发“烧苗”现象，显著抑制植株生长。综上所述，普通园土与有机肥按3∶1体积比配制的栽培基质最有利于改善土壤理化性质，促进‘秦脆/楸子’美植袋幼苗健壮生长并提升果实品质，是带分枝大苗培育及高标准果园建园的适宜基质配比。
- Abstract:
- Taking ‘Qincui/qiuzi’ young apple trees grown in planting bags as experimental materials，different cultivation substrate ratios were applied，including three volume ratios of ordinary garden soil to organic fertilizer (3∶1，3∶2 and 3∶3).The effects of different proportions of garden soil and organic fertilizer on soil physicochemical properties，plant growth，and fruit quality during the cultivation of branched large-sized nursery trees were investigated，in order to provide a reference for the production of branched apple young trees and the establishment of high-standard orchards.The results showed that substrates prepared with garden soil and organic fertilizer at volume ratios of 3∶1 and 3∶2 significantly improved soil aeration，increased soil organic matter content，enhanced the supply of nutrients such as alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen，improved photosynthetic capacity，promoted plant growth，and enhanced fruit quality；among these，the 3∶1 treatment exhibited the best overall performance.In contrast，the 3∶3 ratio，due to excessive organic fertilizer application，easily caused fertilizer injury，which significantly inhibited plant growth.In conclusion，the cultivation substrate composed of ordinary garden soil and organic fertilizer at a 3∶1 volume ratio was most conducive to improving soil physicochemical properties，promoting vigorous growth of ‘Qincui/qiunzi’ planting-bag young trees，and enhancing fruit quality，and is therefore an appropriate substrate formulation for the cultivation of branched young trees and high-standard orchard establishment.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：李逸飞（2001-），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为果树栽培与生理生态。E-mail:66861039@qq.com.责任作者：秦嗣军（1975-），男，博士，教授，现主要从事果树栽培生理生态等研究工作。E-mail：qsj1975@syau.edu.cn.基金项目：国家现代苹果产业技术体系建设资助项目（CARS-27）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（31972359）。收稿日期：2025-11-13