YAN Shiqi,SHEN Bingqi,YIN Yunshuang,et al.Investigation and Analysis of the Characteristics of Six Specialized Jujube Varieties in Southern Xinjiang[J].Northern Horticulture,2026,(7):19-28.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20253373]
南疆六个枣品种的性状调查分析
- Title:
- Investigation and Analysis of the Characteristics of Six Specialized Jujube Varieties in Southern Xinjiang
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2026)07-0019-10
- 分类号:
- S665.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以6个特色枣品种（“灰枣”“伏脆蜜”“胎里红”“三变红”“金丝小枣”和“无核小枣”）枝条、叶片、果实、种子为试材，采用表型性状测定、光合参数分析、果实内在品质指标检测及相关性分析和主成分分析等方法，研究了其描述性表型、数量性状、光合特性及果实内在品质的变异规律与内在关联，建立综合评价体系，以期为枣优良品种的筛选与高效利用提供参考依据。结果表明：不同枣品种的表型指标间存在不同程度差异，6个品种之间的叶片、果实和果核之间存在显著差异。“胎里红”和“三变红”的叶片、果实和果核大于其他品种，总酚和黄酮含量也显著高于其他品种。6个品种的光合特性也存在明显的差异，“胎里红”的净光合速率高于其他品种。叶片与光合特性、果实表型与内在品质之间存在相关性。将17个数量性状进行主成分分析，降维缩减至5个主成分，积累贡献率达到89.923 1%，能较好地反映6个枣品种的基本特性。综合评价的排序为“三变红”>“胎里红”>“无核小枣”>“伏脆蜜”>“灰枣”>“金丝小枣”。
- Abstract:
- Taking the branches，leaves，fruits and seeds of six characteristic jujube varieties (‘Huizao’ ‘Fucuimi’‘Tailihong’‘Sanbianhong’‘Jinsixiaozao’ and ‘Wuhexiaozao’) as the test materials，the descriptive phenotypes，quantitative traits，photosynthetic characteristics and internal quality of the fruits were studied by means of phenotypic trait measurement，photosynthetic parameter analysis，internal quality index detection of the fruits，correlation analysis and principal component analysis，in order to establish a comprehensive evaluation system and provide a reference for the selection and efficient utilization of superior jujube varieties.The results showed that there were different degrees of differences in phenotypic indicators among different jujube varieties.There were significant differences in leaves，fruits and seeds among the six varieties.The leaves of ‘Tailihong’ and ‘Sanbianhong’ were larger than those of other varieties，and the fruits and seeds were also larger.The total phenol and flavonoid contents were significantly higher than those of other varieties.There were also significant differences in photosynthetic characteristics among the six varieties.The net photosynthetic rate of ‘Tailihong’ was higher than that of other varieties.There were correlations between leaves and photosynthetic characteristics，and between fruit phenotypes and internal quality.The 17 quantitative traits were subjected to principal component analysis，and the dimension was reduced to 5 principal components，with an accumulated contribution rate of 89.923 1%，which could well reflect the basic characteristics of the six jujube varieties.The comprehensive evaluation ranking was ‘Sanbianhong’>‘Tailihong’>‘Wuhexiaozao’>‘Fucuimi’>‘Huizao’>‘Jinsixiaozao’.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：燕世奇（2000-），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为果树栽培与育种。E-mail：ysq2728@163.com.责任作者：鲁晓燕（1970-），女，博士，教授，现主要从事果树逆境生理与分子生物学等研究工作。E-mail：lxyshz@126.com.基金项目：新疆维吾尔自治区“天池英才”引进计划资助项目（2022TSYCD0010）。收稿日期：2025-09-23