WANG Xinquan,YU Sihai,YANG Lili,et al.Effects of Different Amounts of Water and Fertilizer on the Growth of Branches and Fruits of Pear Trees[J].Northern Horticulture,2023,(04):9-15.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20222097]
不同水肥用量对梨树枝条及果实生长量的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Amounts of Water and Fertilizer on the Growth of Branches and Fruits of Pear Trees
- Keywords:
- fragrant pear; the growth; irrigation amount; fertilizing amount
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以嫁接五年生香梨树为试材，采用单因素试验，结合滴灌施肥法，研究不同氮肥施用量（N1(10 kg?hm-2)，N2(15 kg?hm-2)，N3(20 kg?hm-2)，N4(25 kg?hm-2)，N5(30 kg?hm-2)）、磷肥施用量（P1(5 kg?hm-2)，P2(10 kg?hm-2)，P3(15 kg?hm-2)，P4(20 kg?hm-2)，P5(25 kg?hm-2)）、灌水量（W1(6 240 m3?hm-2)，W2(6 720 m3?hm-2)，W3(7 200 m3?hm-2)，W4(7 680 m3?hm-2)，W5(8 160 m3?hm-2)）处理下香梨枝条及果实生长发育的变化，探究不同施肥、灌水配方对梨树生长发育的影响，以期为梨树的科学施肥提供参考依据。结果表明：当氮肥施用量为N4时，果树枝条生长总量最大，为49.32 cm，当氮肥施用量为N1时，果树枝条生长总量最小，为40.78 cm；当磷肥施用量为P3时，果树枝条生长总量最大，为40.40 cm，当磷肥施用量为P1时，果树枝条生长总量最小，为30.55 cm；当灌水量为W4时，果树枝条生长总量最大，为45.25 cm，当灌水量为W1，枝条生长总量最小，为38.35 cm；当氮肥施用量为N2、N3或P2、P3、P5时，果实在发育过程中有二次膨大的生长过程。并且当氮肥施用量为N3或磷肥施用量为P3时，果实的生长趋势最符合拟合生长曲线，R2分别为0.661 0、0.474 8，最符合生长规律，且果实均发生了二次膨大的现象；因此，N3或P3或W4施肥灌水方案更优。
- Abstract:
- Five-year-old fragrant pear trees were used as experimental materials，single factor experiment was conducted，the effects of different fertilizer and irrigation amount on the growth and development of branches and fruit of pear were researched，including nitrogen fertilizer application amount (N1(10 kg?hm-2)，N2(15 kg?hm-2)，N3(20 kg?hm-2)，N4(25 kg?hm-2)，N5(30 kg?hm-2))，phosphorus fertilizer application amount (P1(5 kg?hm-2)，P2(10 kg?hm-2)，P3(15 kg?hm-2)，P4(20 kg?hm-2)，P5(25 kg?hm-2))，and irrigation amount (W1(6 240 m3?hm-2)，W2(6 720 m3?hm-2)，W3(7 200 m3?hm-2)，W4(7 680 m3?hm-2)，W5(8 160 m3?hm-2))，the changes of branches and fruit growth and development under different treatments were studied，in order to investigate the effects of different fertilization and irrigation formulations on the growth and development of pear tree，and to provide reference for scientific fertilization of pear tree.The results showed that when nitrogen application rate was N4，the total fruit tree branch growth was 49.32 cm,and when nitrogen application rate was N1,the total fruit tree branch growth was 40.78 cm.When the amount of P fertilizer was P3,the total growth of fruit tree branches was 40.40 cm,and when the amount of P fertilizer was P1,the total growth of fruit tree branches was 30.55 cm.When the irrigation amount was W4,the total fruit tree branch growth was the largest，which was 45.25 cm，when the irrigation amount was W1，the total fruit tree branch growth was the smallest，which was 38.35 cm.When nitrogen application rate was N2，N3 or P2，P3，P5，the fruit had secondary enlargement during development.In addition，when nitrogen fertilizer application amount was N3 or phosphorus fertilizer application amount was P3，the fruit growth trend was the most consistent with the fitting growth curve，R2 was 0.661 0 and 0.474 8，respectively，which was the most consistent with the growth law，and the fruit had secondary expansion phenomenon.Therefore，nitrogen was the primary factor affecting the total fruit tree branch growth and fruit shape index.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：王新泉（1999-），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为果树水肥管理。E-mail：wxq18545448730@163.com.责任作者：支金虎（1978-），男，硕士，教授，现主要从事植物营养与农业环境等研究工作。E-mail：zjhzky@163.com.基金项目：新疆生产建设兵团重大科技计划资助项目（2021AA005，2019AA004）。收稿日期：2022-11-08