SUN Zeshuo,LI Yonghua,LIU Xinhong,et al.Genetic Diversity Analysis of Phenotypic Traits in 41 Cultivars of Oriental Cherry[J].Northern Horticulture,2022,(22):57-66.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20221443]
四十一份樱花品种资源表型性状遗传多样性分析
- Title:
- Genetic Diversity Analysis of Phenotypic Traits in 41 Cultivars of Oriental Cherry
- Keywords:
- oriental cherry; cultivar; phenotypic traits; genetic diversity
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以41份樱花品种资源为试材，选取12个数量性状及30个质量性状进行调查测定；通过多样性分析、相关性分析、聚类分析及主成分分析对樱花品种表型性状的遗传多样性进行研究，以期为樱花新品种选育及品种资源鉴定提供参考依据。结果表明：12个数量性状中，叶形指数变异系数最小为9.35%，总花梗长度变异系数最大为64.20%；花瓣长与花瓣宽和花径呈极显著相关，相关系数分别为0.839和0.863（P<0.01）。30个质量性状的信息指数H和遗传多样性指数D变化范围分别为0～1.41和0～0.71。R型聚类分析将42个表型性状在欧式距离约为21时分为3类，每一类各性状间相关性较强；Q型聚类分析将41份樱花在欧式距离约为24时分为3类，第Ⅰ类可用于选育花瓣多、花径大及颜色丰富的品种；第Ⅱ类可用于选育枝条下垂的品种；第Ⅲ类可用于选育单瓣且花期早的品种。主成分分析结果表明，前6个主成分累计贡献率为76.43%，主要反映花径、花梗粗度、开花期、花型、花瓣数、花瓣长及花瓣宽等性状，基于前2个主成分值的样品散点图结果，可以选取以上这些性状进行相关评价，进而提高樱花资源的鉴定评价效率。
- Abstract:
- Twelve quantitative traits and 30 qualitative traits were selected from 41 cultivars of oriental cherry as experimental materials.The genetic diversity of phenotypic traits of cultivars of oriental cherry was studied by diversity analysis，correlation analysis，cluster analysis and principal component analysis，in order to provide reference for breeding of new cultivars of oriental cherry and identification of cultivar resources.The results showed that the lowest coefficient of variation of leaf shape index was 9.35%，and the highest coefficient of variation of total pedicel length was 64.20%.The petal length was significantly correlated with petal width and diameter，the correlation coefficients were 0.839 and 0.863，respectively （P<0.01）.The information index （H） and genetic diversity index （D） of 30 quality traits varied from 0 to 1.41 and 0 to 0.71，respectively.The diversity of petal number，petal shape，tree appearance，petal color and calyx tube shape was abundant.R-type cluster analysis showed that 42 phenotypic traits were divided into three groups at Euclidean distance of about 21，and each group had a strong correlation.The 41 cultivars of oriental cherry were divided into three groups by Q-cluster analysis when the Euclidean distance was about 24.The first group could be used for breeding cultivars with many petals，large flower diameter and rich colors.The second group could be used for breeding cultivars with drooping branches.The third group could be used for breeding single petal and early flowering cultivars.Principal component analysis results showed that the first six principal components accounted for 76.43%，mainly reflects flower diameter，pedicel diameter，flower period，flower shape，petal number，petal length and petal width，combined with the samples based on the first two principal components value scatter plot as a result，you could pick and choose the above these traits related evaluation.Thus，the efficiency of oriental cherry resource identification and evaluation could be improved.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：孙泽硕（1996-），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为风景园林植物资源应用。E-mail：1296698759@qq.com.责任作者：蒋冬月（1988-），女，博士，助理研究员，现主要从事园林植物应用等研究工作。E-mail：JDYzjforestry@163.com.基金项目：浙江省公益技术研究计划资助项目（LGN21C160001）；国家自然科学基金青年资助项目（32101585）。收稿日期：2022-04-11