[1]石嘉琦,刘宇庆,王艳玲,等.设施黄瓜产量及叶片光合特性对施氮量的响应[J].北方园艺,2022,(06):51-59.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20213657]
　SHI Jiaqi,LIU Yuqing,WANG Yanling,et al.Yield and Leaves Photosynthetic Characteristics of Greenhouse Cucumber Response to the Nitrogen Application[J].Northern Horticulture,2022,(06):51-59.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20213657]
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设施黄瓜产量及叶片光合特性对施氮量的响应

《北方园艺》[ISSN:1001-0009/CN:23-1247/S] 卷: 期数: 2022年06 页码: 51-59 栏目: 出版日期: 2022-03-30
Title:
Yield and Leaves Photosynthetic Characteristics of Greenhouse Cucumber Response to the Nitrogen Application
作者:
石嘉琦; 刘宇庆; 王艳玲; 杨再强
（南京信息工程大学 应用气象学院，江苏 南京 210044）
Author(s):
SHI Jiaqi; LIU Yuqing; WANG Yanling; YANG Zaiqiang
(School of Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210044)
关键词:
黄瓜; 施氮量; 光合特性; 荧光动力学曲线; 盆栽试验
Keywords:
cucumber;  nitrogen fertilization;  photosynthetic characteristics;  fluorescence kinetic curve;  pot experiment
DOI:
10.11937/bfyy.20213657
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
以“津优101号”黄瓜为试材，采用盆栽试验法，分析了0 kg?hm-2(CK)、90 kg?hm-2(N1)、180 kg?hm-2(N2)、270 kg?hm-2(N3)、360 kg?hm-2(N4)、450 kg?hm-2(N5)6个施氮水平下,各生育期内黄瓜叶片叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、最大荧光值(Fm)、最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)等参数的动态变化差异；并借助于荧光动力学曲线讨论了黄瓜叶片放氧复合体(OEC)活性、光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)类囊体间的能量传递和光系统Ⅰ(PSⅠ)末端电子受体对施氮量的响应,以期为设施黄瓜的氮素优化管理与高效利用提供参考依据。结果表明：施氮可以将供试黄瓜产量提高1.7~2.8倍，且施氮量为312 kg?hm-2时，产量最高。供试黄瓜叶片SPAD值、Pn、Gs、Tr、Fm、Fv/Fm等参数均随着施氮量的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势；其中，盛果期N3处理的黄瓜叶片Pn、Gs、Tr、Fm均显著高于其它处理。基于荧光动力学曲线的分析发现，盛果期N1和N2处理的黄瓜叶片ΔWO-J为正值，OEC出现失活现象；而N3处理的黄瓜叶片ΔWO-J和ΔWO-K均为负值，OEC活性强且类囊体之间的能量传递最顺畅。因此，结合最高产量、最佳光合作用效率可以得出该试验中黄瓜的最佳施氮量为270~312 kg?hm-2。
Abstract:
Taking cucumber ‘Jinyou No.101’ as the test materials，based on the pot experiment,the dynamic changes of relative chlorophyll content (SPAD),net photosynthetic rate (Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),transpiration rate(Tr),maximum fluorescence value(Fm) and maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm)of cucumber ‘Jinyou No.101’ leaves were respectively analyzed in treatment CK (0 kg?hm-2),N1 (90 kg?hm-2),N2 (180 kg?hm-2),N3 (270 kg?hm-2),N4 (360 kg?hm-2) and N5 (450 kg?hm-2); and the responses of oxygen evolution complex (OEC) activity,energy transfer in photosystem Ⅱ(PSⅡ) thylakoids and terminal electron acceptor in photosystem Ⅰ(PSⅠ) of cucumber leaves to the N application were also discussed according to the fluorescence kinetic curve,in order to provide reference for the optimal management and improve nitrogen use efficiency of cucumber in greenhouse.The results showed that the N application could significantly increase the cucumber yield by 1.7-2.8 times,when the N application was 312 kg?hm-2,the yield of cucumber was the highest.With the increasing of N applicatin,the SPAD value,Pn,Gs,Tr,Fm and Fv/Fm of cucumber leaves tended to rise first and then declined;especially the Pn,Gs,Tr and Fm of cucumber leaves in treatment N3 were significantly higher than those of other treatments.Based on the analysis of fluorescence kinetic curve,it was found the values of ΔWO-Jin treatment N1 and N2 were positive,and the oxygen releasing complex (OEC) was inactivated; but ΔWO-J and ΔWO-Kin treatment N3 were negative,and the OEC was active and the energy was most smoothly transferred between thylakoids.Therefore,the optimum nitrogen application amount of cucumber ‘Jinyou No.101’ was 270-310 kg?hm-2,considered the highest yield and the optimum photosynthenic efficiency.

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备注/Memo

第一作者简介：石嘉琦(1995-)，女，硕士研究生，研究方向为设施农业减灾机制。E-mail:664791032@qq.com.责任作者：王艳玲(1976-)，女，博士，教授，博士生导师，现主要从事农田养分资源管理等研究工作。E-mail:ylwang@nuist.edu.cn.基金项目：国家重点研究开发计划资助项目(2019YFD1002202)；国家自然科学基金资助项目(42077087)。收稿日期：2021-09-03

更新日期/Last Update: 2022-05-25