YIN Jingjing,WU Xiaobin,XU Guoxin,et al.Accumulation and Partitioning of Dry Matter,Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium in Lotus[J].Northern Horticulture,2020,44(06):1-8.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20193266]
莲藕干物质积累与氮磷钾吸收分配特征
- Title:
- Accumulation and Partitioning of Dry Matter,Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium in Lotus
- Keywords:
- lotus; dry matter; nitrogen; phosphorus and potassium; nutrients absorption
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以山东莲藕地方品种“齐头”为试材，采用田间池栽试验，在莲藕不同生育期动态取样，测定各器官的干物质量和氮、磷、钾养分含量，计算各生育时期养分积累量，明确莲藕干物质积累及氮、磷、钾的吸收规律，以期为黄河中下游地区莲藕合理施肥提供参考依据。结果表明：莲藕干物质积累呈“慢-快-慢”的变化趋势。膨大茎形成期是莲藕干物质积累最快的时期，积累速率为每株29.27 g·d-1。根状茎膨大之前，干物质主要集中在叶片和叶柄中，膨大之后，叶片和叶柄中的营养物质逐渐向膨大茎中转移，膨大茎中干物质最终积累量占全株的66.68%。不同时期莲藕氮、磷、钾的吸收积累量不同。膨大茎形成期莲藕对氮、磷、钾的积累速率最大，分别为每株0.46、0.18、0.56 g·d-1，积累量分别占全生育期的49.50%、31.49%、39.56%。整个生育期莲藕氮、磷、钾吸收积累量的比例为1∶0.62∶1.53。根状茎膨大之前，莲藕氮和磷主要集中在叶片中，钾主要集中在叶柄中，之后随着地下根状茎的膨大，叶片和叶柄中的养分逐渐向地下部分转移，成熟期地下膨大茎中氮、磷和钾积累量分别占全株积累总量的71.97%、69.54%和87.89%。综上所述，莲藕前期以营养生长为主，根状茎膨大之后，以贮藏生长为主，膨大茎形成期为莲藕生长的关键时期。
- Abstract:
- The aim of this study was to reveal the law of dry matter accumulation,N,P,K nutrients absorption and utilization of lotus and lay a theoretical basis for lotus scientific fertilization in the middle and lower reaches of Yellow River.Taking a local lotus variety ‘Qitou’ in Shandong Province as the experimental materials,a pond culture experiment was conducted to study the dynamics of dry matter accumulation,N,P,K distribution and translocation in lotus by investigating the dry matter weight and nutrients contents in different organs at various growth stages.The results showed that the amount of dry matter accumulation increased with lotus growth period in a slow-fast-slow trend and the highest rate reached 29.27 g·d-1per plant at swollen rhizome formation stage.Approximately 69.00% of dry matter accumulation located in the leaves and petioles within 73 days after transplanting (DAT),while 66.68% located in the swollen rhizome at 153 DAT as nutrients translating to swollen rhizome from leaves and petioles during 73-153 DAT.The accumulation of N,P and K varied among different developing stages and reached the maximum rates of 0.46,0.18 and 0.56 g·d-1 per plant at swollen rhizome formation stage respectively.The absorptive amounts of N,P,and K at swollen rhizome formation stage accounted for 49.50%,31.49% and 39.56% of the total amount in the whole stages.The N∶P∶K ratio was 1∶0.62∶1.53 for the whole growing period.The nitrogen and phosphorus were mainly located in leaves,while potassium was mainly located in petioles before rhizome swelling,then N,P and K were translated from leaves and petioles to swollen rhizome along with rhizome swelling.The accumulation amounts of N,P and K in swollen rhizome accounted for 71.97%,69.54% and 87.89% of the total accumulation at the maturityperiod,respectively.In conclusion,lotus were mainly for vegetative growth in the early period and storage growth after rhizome swelling.Swollen rhizome formation stage was the key stage of lotus growth.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：尹静静（1988-），女，硕士，助理研究员，研究方向为水生蔬菜栽培与育种。E-mail:yinjing.1205@163.com.责任作者：李效尊（1979-），男，博士，副研究员，研究方向为水生蔬菜。E-mail:xiaozunli@163.com.基金项目：山东省农业科学院科技创新工程资助项目（CXGC2018E16）；山东省农业科学院青年科研基金资助项目（2016YQN13）；山东省自然科学基金三院联合基金资助项目（ZR2017YL021）。收稿日期：2019-11-11