[1]李传友,赵丽霞,熊波,等.四种常用喷雾器在塑料大棚番茄作物上施药效果比较[J].北方园艺,2018,42(21):90-98.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20180840]
　LI Chuanyou,ZHAO Lixia,XIONG Bo,et al.Comparison of Four Common Sprayers for Pesticide Application in Plastic Greenhouse Tomato Crop[J].Northern Horticulture,2018,42(21):90-98.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20180840]

点击复制

四种常用喷雾器在塑料大棚番茄作物上施药效果比较

《北方园艺》[ISSN:1001-0009/CN:23-1247/S] 卷: 第42卷期数: 2018年21 页码: 90-98 栏目: 出版日期: 2018-11-10

Title:: Comparison of Four Common Sprayers for Pesticide Application in Plastic Greenhouse Tomato Crop

作者:: 李传友1; 赵丽霞2; 熊波1; 张莉1; 李震1; 滕飞1; （1.北京市农业机械试验鉴定推广站，北京 100079；2.北京市延庆区农业机械化技术推广服务站，北京 102100）

Author(s):: LI Chuanyou1; ZHAO Lixia2; XIONG Bo1; ZHANG Li1; LI Zhen1; TENG Fei1; (1.Beijing Agricultural Machinery Test Evaluation Extension Station,Beijing 100079；2.Agricultural Mechanization Technology Extension Service Station in Yanqing District of Beijing，Beijing 102100)

关键词:: 喷雾器; 塑料大棚; 农药利用率; 变异系数

Keywords:: sprayer; plastic greenhouse; utilization ratio of pesticide; coefficient of variation

DOI:: 10.11937/bfyy.20180840

文献标志码:: A

摘要:: 为筛选温室架势蔬菜适宜植保作业机具，解决温室架式蔬菜植保作业难、农药利用率低的问题，在广泛调研国内外植保机具及施药技术基础上，筛选了较先进及目前常用植保机具4种，进行了温室内番茄冠层内的雾滴沉积分布规律、药液沉积量、农药有效利用率、地面流失以及作业效率的测试，以期提高农药利用率。结果表明：背负式常温烟雾机、热烟雾机、旋转喷枪和背负式喷雾器在叶片正面沉积量的变异系数分别为75.38%、134.98%、62.87%和45.53%，在反面沉积量的变异系数分别为82.85%、303.28%、64.55%和44.70%；药液利用率背负式常温烟雾机＞热烟雾机＞背负式喷雾器＞旋转喷枪；通过评价不同植保机具作业性能，确定适合于温室植保作业的机具及施药方法，从而实现提高农药利用率的目标。

Abstract:: In order to screen suitable plant protection machineries for greenhouse-type vegetables to solve the difficulties of protection operation and low utilization of pesticides,four advanced and common plant protection machineries were chosen based on the extensive research on plant protection equipment and pesticide application techniques,and their law of droplet deposition and distribution,deposition amount of pesticide solution,effective utilization rate of pesticide,ground loss and operation efficiency in tomato canopy in greenhouse were tested.The results indicated the variation coefficients of positive deposition amount of knapsack aerosol sprayer,hot aerosol sprayer,rotary lance and knapsack sprayer on the front of the blade were 75.38%,134.98%,62.87% and 45.53%,respectively,while that of the negative deposition amount were 82.85%,303.28%,64.55% and 44.70%,respectively.The ground loss amount increased in the order of knapsack aerosol sprayer,hot aerosol sprayer,knapsack sprayer and rotary lance.Four advanced and common plant protection machineries were chosen based on the extensive research on plant protection equipment and pesticide application techniques,and their law of droplet deposition and distribution,deposition amount of pesticide solution,effective utilization rate of pesticide,ground loss and operation efficiency in tomato canopy in greenhouse were tested.In order to screen suitable plant protection machineries for greenhouse-type vegetables to solve the difficulties of protection operation and low utilization of pesticides.The results indicated the variation coefficients of positive deposition amount of knapsack aerosol sprayer（W1）,hot aerosol sprayer（W2）,rotary lance（W3） and knapsack sprayer（W4） on the front of the blade were 75.38%,134.98%,62.87% and 45.53%,respectively,while those of the negative deposition amount were 82.85%,303.28%,64.55% and 44.70%,respectively.Utilization rate of liquid medicine,W1＞W2＞W4＞W3.By evaluating the performance of different plant protection tools,the suitable tools and application methods for greenhouse plant protection were determined,so as to achieve the goal of increasing the utilization rate of pesticides.

相似文献/References:

[1]陈建军,王正义,陈海洋.宁夏日光温室与塑料大棚环境对比分析[J].北方园艺,2014,38(10):36.
　CHEN Jian-jun,WANG Zheng-yi,CHEN Hai-yang.Comparative Analysis on Environment in a Solar Greenhouse and Plastic Greenhouse in Ningxia[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(21):36.
[2]曾照旭,朴一龙,李聪,等.冬季塑料大棚内气温和土温的变化研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(11):47.
　ZENG Zhao-xu,PIAO Yi-long,LI Cong,et al.Study on Changes of Air Temperature and Soil Temperature of Plastic Greenhouse in Winter[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(21):47.
[3]张雪梅,宋述尧,张春波,等.塑料大棚栽培菜豆品种筛选研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(15):49.
　ZHANG Xue-mei,SONG Shu-yao,ZHAO Chun-bo,et al.Study on Cultivated Varieties Screening of Snap Bean in Plastic Greenhouse[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(21):49.
[4]贾晓军,陈芳,周进,等.北疆塑料大棚春夏滴灌种植番茄品种引种试验[J].北方园艺,2014,38(15):52.
　JIA Xiao-jun,CHEN Fang,ZHOU Jin,et al.Agricultural Science Research Test of Tomato Varieties Planted in Plastic Greenhouse Under Drip Irrigation in Spring and Summer[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(21):52.
[5]于二敏,李衍素,闫妍,等.不同氮钾肥配施对大棚芦笋产量品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2015,39(20):41.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201520010]
　YU Ermin,LI Yansu,YAN Yan,et al.Effect of Different Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilizer Application on Asparagus officinalis L.Yield and Quality in Plastic Tunnel[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(21):41.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201520010]
[6]王江俊.“莴笋-番瓜-架豆王”一年三茬高效栽培技术[J].北方园艺,2016,40(07):44.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201607013]
　[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(21):44.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201607013]
[7]魏鑫,李建设,高艳明.大跨度双膜双拱塑料大棚夏季降温能力测试研究[J].北方园艺,2016,40(10):45.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201610012]
　WEI Xin,LI Jianshe,GAO Yanming.Study on the Cooling Capacity With Large Span Double Film Arch of Plastic Greenhouse in Summer[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(21):45.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201610012]
[8]吴星,赵虎,王萌,等.广西塑料大棚彩椒套种包心芥菜安全高产栽培技术[J].北方园艺,2016,40(19):204.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201619052]
　[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(21):204.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201619052]
[9]乔宝营,朱运钦,黄海帆,等.大棚葡萄配方施肥技术研究[J].北方园艺,2008,32(03):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.200803046]
　[J].Northern Horticulture,2008,32(21):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.200803046]
[10]孔　云,陈青云.塑料大棚水幕保温效果试验[J].北方园艺,2003,27(02):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.200302011]
　[J].Northern Horticulture,2003,27(21):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.200302011]

备注/Memo

第一作者简介：李传友（1965-），男，北京人，本科，教授级高级工程师，现主要从事果园机械化技术研究与推广等工作。E-mail:beijing12345@126.com.基金项目：北京市财政农业科技资助项目（20170128）。收稿日期：2018-05-08

更新日期/Last Update: 2018-12-19