ZHANG Yanqiu,XING Guimei,CUI Yuehan,et al.Effect of Cooling Treatment Duration on Biological Traits and Propagation of Tulip[J].Northern Horticulture,2019,43(01):103-109.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20180308]
低温处理时间对郁金香生物学性状及种球繁殖的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Cooling Treatment Duration on Biological Traits and Propagation of Tulip
- Keywords:
- tulip; biological traits; propagation coefficient; cooling treatment
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以郁金香品种“世界真爱”和“黄玉”为试材，采用低温处理的方法，研究了低温处理时间对植株生物学性状及种球繁殖的影响，以期探索出不同郁金香品种的最低需冷量，为郁金香盆花、切花周年生产提供参考依据。结果表明：“世界真爱”不经过低温处理（CK）的植株和低温处理2周的植株不能现蕾开花，低温处理4、6、8周的植株开花率分别为63.3%、80.0%、93.3%，低温处理10周，能够满足植株正常生长开花所需全部冷量，植株开花率同处理12周的植株开花率，均为100.0%；“黄玉”不经过低温处理（CK）的植株和低温处理2、4周的植株不能现蕾开花，低温处理6、8周的植株开花率分别为73.3%和83.3%，低温处理10周，能满足植株正常生长开花所需全部冷量，与处理12周的植株在开花率方面差异不显著，二者的开花率分别为96.7%和100.0%。低温处理不仅可以缩短郁金香生长周期，提高植株的生物学性状质量，而且能促进新球的形成和发育。随着低温处理时间的延长，“世界真爱”的种球繁殖系数由2.1增加至4.2，“黄玉”的种球繁殖系数由2.4增加至4.4。但对供试的2个品种植株而言，低温处理10周的植株，与处理12周的植株在开花、生物学性状和子球繁殖系数方面差异不明显。
- Abstract:
- Bulbs of cultivars ‘World Favorite’ and ‘Huangyu’ were used as materials and the effect of cooling treatment duration on biological traits and propagation were studied using cooling treatment method in order to verify the minimum cooling requirement of different tulip cautivars and provide theoretical basis for the year-round production of potted and cut flower in tulip.The results showed that ‘World Favorite’ could not flower when bulbs were treated by low temperature with 0 or 2 weeks.The flowering rates were 63.3%,80.0% and 93.3% for 4,6 and 8 weeks,respectively.The flowering rate was 100.0% for both 10 and 12 weeks,indicating 10-week cooling treatment was the minimum cooling duration requirement for ‘World Favorite’.‘Huangyu’ could not flower when bulbs were treated by low temperature with 0,2 or 4 weeks.The flowering rates were 73.3% and 83.3% for 6 and 8 weeks,respectively.However,the flowering rates were not significantly different between 10 and 12 weeks with the rates of 96.7% and 100.0%,respectively,which indicated 10-week cooling treatment was the minimum cooling duration requirement for ‘Huangyu’.Cooling treatment not only could shorten the tulip growth cycle and improve the qualities of biological traits,but also could promote the formation and development of new bulblets.With the extension of cooling treatment duration,the bulb propagation coefficient increased from 2.1 to 4.2 for ‘World Favorite’ and from 2.4 to 4.4 for ‘Huangyu’,respectively.But for the two tulip cultivars tested in this study,there was no significant difference in flowering,biological traits and bulb propagation coefficient between 10 and 12 weeks.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：张艳秋（1981-），女，硕士，助理研究员，日本岐阜大学访问学者，现主要从事花卉育种与栽培等研究工作。E-mail：zyq810711@163.com.责任作者：屈连伟（1977-），男，博士，研究员，荷兰瓦赫宁根大学访问学者，现主要从事观赏园艺植物新品种选育及高效栽培技术示范与推广等工作。E-mail：568219189@qq.com.基金项目：辽宁省自然科学基金面上资助项目（20180551023）；辽宁省“百千万人才工程”资助项目（201536）；沈阳市科技创新专项资金-国际科技合作专项资助项目（F15-178-6-00）。收稿日期：2018-03-15