ZHOU Yanli,QIAO Hongyu,GAO Hongchun,et al.Effect of Melon Continuous Cropping on Rhizosphere Soil Microorganisms and Enzyme Activities[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(19):158-161.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201519039]
甜瓜连作对其根际土壤微生物和酶活性的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Melon Continuous Cropping on Rhizosphere Soil Microorganisms and Enzyme Activities
- Keywords:
- continuous cropping; microbial; activities of soil enzymes; melon
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以大棚甜瓜连作土壤为研究对象，选择种植1、3、5、7、9年甜瓜大棚，采集根区土壤，采用平板计数法对土壤中细菌、真菌和放线菌数量进行统计，测定种植1年和连续种植3、5、7、9年甜瓜大棚土壤中细菌、真菌和放线菌数量及土壤酶活性的变化。结果表明：随着种植年限的增加，土壤中微生物总量、细菌和放线菌的数量呈现先升高后降低的趋势；真菌数量则呈上升趋势，且连作9年时真菌数量极显著增加。脲酶（Urease，UREA）、多酚氧化酶（Polyphenol oxidase，PPO）和过氧化氢酶（Catalase，CAT）的活性也呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势，UREA活性在连作3年时最高，PPO和CAT活性在连作5年时活性最高；而蔗糖酶（Saccharase，SAC）活性随着连作年限的增加呈降低的趋势，连作7年时活性极显著下降。表明甜瓜连作9年，根际土壤微生物结构失调，微生物由“细菌型”向“真菌型”过渡，土壤酶活性下降，连作障碍明显。
- Abstract:
- Taking melon continuous cropping soil in plastic greenhouse as test material，the plastic greenhouse with planting years of 1,3,5,7 and 9 was selected and the tilling layer soil in root zone was collected to determine the number of bacteria，actinomycetes，and fungi by plate count method，and soil enzyme activity was studied by colorimetric method and titration.The results showed that with the increasing of continuous cropping years，the number of bacteria，actinomycetes as well as total microbe showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing，the number were the most at continuous cropping 5 years；while the number of fungi increased，and significantly increased at continuous cropping 9 years.The activities of urease(UREA)，polyphenol oxidase(PPO) and catalase(CAT) had a similar trend as the number of bacteria，the urease activity was the highest at continuous cropping 3 years，and the polyphenol oxidase and catalase activity were the highest at continuous cropping 5 years，while the saccharase(SAC) activity increased significantly at continuous cropping 7 years.The balance of rhizosphere soil microbial flora was destroyed and the enzyme activities of rhizosphere at continuous cropping 9 years，the obstacles of continuous cropping were obvious.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：周艳丽（1976-），女，内蒙古通辽人，博士，副教授，现主要从事蔬菜栽培生理生态等研究工作。E-mail:zhouyanli7427@163.com.责任作者：乔宏宇（1970-），男，吉林长春人，硕士，副教授，现主要从事瓜类蔬菜育种等研究工作。E-mail:qq19991201@163.com.基金项目：吉林省教育厅“十二五”科学技术研究资助项目（2013052）。