YU Qianjin,LI Jiazhou,HAN Ruilian,et al.Effect of Different Fertilizing Mode on Growth and Effective Components of Panax notoginseng[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(15):143-147.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201515038]
不同施肥模式对三七生长及有效成分的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Different Fertilizing Mode on Growth and Effective Components of Panax notoginseng
- Keywords:
- Panax notoginseng; N; P; K; effective components; fertilizer amount
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以2年生三七为试材，采用NPK 3因素4水平二次饱和-D最优设计方案，进行大田试验，测定三七生长过程中其生长指标及有效成分的含量。结果表明：不同氮、磷、钾配比对三七生长有显著影响，NPK比例为0.192 5∶0.192 5∶-1时的株高最大，高于对照16.9%，NPK比例为-0.291 2∶1∶1时的株高最小，低于对照7.01%。而NPK比例为-1∶-1∶1时的基茎最大，高于对照3.0%，NPK比例为-0.291 2∶1∶1时的基茎最小，低于对照20.4%；不同氮、磷、钾配比的地下部分鲜重均高于对照，当NPK比例为1∶1∶-0.291 2时，其地下部分鲜重和干重均最大（鲜重16.682 5 g，干重5.65 g）；当NPK比例为-1∶-1∶1时总皂苷含量百分比最大，但NPK比例为-0.291 2∶1∶1的单株总皂苷产量最大。不同NPK配比对三七生长有显著影响，N、P肥有利于三七株高生长，促进干重增加；K肥促进根茎横向增大，有利于三七有效成分的积累，但不利于单株总皂苷产量的积累。寻优结果表明，根干重产量在861.541～1 139.458 kg/hm2的合理可行的施肥方案应为 N 71.60～149.37 kg/hm2，P2O5 46.54～110.62 kg/hm2，K2O 236.35～444.72 kg/hm2。
- Abstract:
- Taking 2-year-old Panax notoginseng as test material，the effect of fertilizing different proportion of N，P and K on the growth，yield were studied and to reveal optimal fertilization mode under the target yield of Panax notoginseng by the optimal design of N，P and K with four levels in the field experiments.The results showed that treatment (N∶P∶K=0.192 5∶0.192 5∶-1) had the highest height which was higher than the control treatment 16.9%，however，another treatment (N∶P∶K=-0.291 2∶1∶1) had the shortest height which was less than the control 20.4%.Underground fresh weight of different treatments were higher than the control，especially，weight of fresh and dry of the treatment (N∶P∶K=1∶1∶-0.291 2) were the largest among them.The treatment (N∶P∶K=-1∶-1∶1) was more conducive to the accumulation of the effective ingredients for the biggest percentage of the total saponin contents，while the treatment (N∶P∶K=-0.192 5∶0.192 5∶-1) had the biggest plant production.Different ratio of N，P and K had significant on plant growth.Nitrogen and phosphorus could promote plant height growth，improve crop yields and potash can promote roots.Potash was more conducive to the accumulation of the active ingredient because of the biggest percentage of the total saponin content，while was not conducive to the accumulation of the plant products.The fertilizer amount of N，P and K was N 71.60-149.37 kg/hm2，P2O5 46.54-110.62 kg/hm2，K2O 236.35-444.72 kg/hm2 when Panax notoginseng target yield at 861.541-1 139.458 kg/hm2.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：余前进（1990-）,男，安徽滁州人,硕士研究生，研究方向为中药材栽培与技术。E-mail:yuqianjin022@sohu.com. 责任作者：韩蕊莲（1962-），女，博士，研究员，硕士生导师，现主要从事植物生理生态学等研究工作。E-mail：hanrl@nwsuaf.edu.cn. 基金项目：天士力委托科研资助项目；陕西省科技攻关资助项目（2012KTCL02-7）。