ZHANG Rui,ZHI Jian-fei,LIU Quan-lan.Variation of Enzyme Activity and Microbial Communities at the Rhizosphere Soils of Intercropping Pastures in the Pear Orchard[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(13):165-171.
梨园间作牧草根际微生物类群和酶活性的变化
- Title:
- Variation of Enzyme Activity and Microbial Communities at the Rhizosphere Soils of Intercropping Pastures in the Pear Orchard
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2014)13-0165-07
- 分类号:
- S 661.2
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为评价间作牧草对果园土壤质量的影响，对河北省晋州市马于镇梨园间作牧草根际土壤的pH、微生物群落数量、酶活性及各因素间的相关性进行了研究。结果表明：间作牧草根际土壤pH、真菌数、放线菌数和脲酶活性有垂直分布特征；二月兰增加土壤pH、放线菌数和过氧化物酶活性(0～20 cm土样),降低脲酶活性；早熟禾降低pH，增加真菌数(0～20 cm)和脲酶活性；黑麦草降低过氧化物酶活性(0～20 cm)和增加脲酶活性(21～40 cm)；pH与土壤深度、过氧化物酶活性与放线菌量和pH、放线菌量与pH等显著正相关，放线菌量与土壤深度、脲酶活性与土壤深度和pH等显著负相关，放线菌量与间作牧草显著相关。因此，该梨园中二月兰与早熟禾共同间种于2行梨树间将可能获得更好的土壤质量。
- Abstract:
- To evaluate effects of intercropping pastures on the soil quality in the pear orchard distributed at Mayu Town of Jinzhou City，Hebei Province，China，soil pH，soil microbes，and soil enzyme activities were measured at two depth levels (0～20 cm and 21～40 cm) of the rhizosphere soils of three pastures (Orychophragmus violaceus（L.）Schulz），Poa annua L.，and Lolium perenne L.) intercropping plots.Subsequently，the correlation between above factors was analyzed.Five main results were obtained.First，pH values，fungi numbers，actinomycetes numbers，and urease activity differed at two depth levels.Second，pH values，actinomycetes numbers，and peroxidase activity (0～20 cm) were highly improved by the intercropping O.violaceus.By contrast，urease activity was decreased in this intercropping plot.Third，pH value was decreased in the intercropping plot of P.annua，and fungi numbers (0～20 cm) and peroxidase activity were highly improved.Fourth，peroxidase activity was decreased and urease activity was highly improved in the intercropping Lolium perenne?L.plot.Finally，there had significant positive correlation between pH values and soil depths，between peroxidase activities and actinomycetes numbers，between peroxidase activities and pH values，and between actinomycetes numbers and pH values.In addition，there had significant negative correlation between actinomycetes numbers and soil depths，between urease activities and soil depths，and between urease activities and pH values.Also，there had significant correlation between actinomycetes numbers and intercropping pastures.Therefore，the soil quality would be greatly improved when O.violaceus（L.）Schulz） and P.annua L.were simultaneously planted between pears.
参考文献/References:
[1]周桔，雷霆，土壤微生物多样性影响因素及研究方法的现状与展望[J].生物多样性，2007，15(3)：306-311.
[2]关松荫，土壤酶及其研究方法[vrJ．北京：农业出版社，1986．
[3]张翠翠，张少伟，常介田，葡萄园行间生草对土壤养分及微生物的影响[J]．北方园艺，2013(3)：181-184．
[4]陆雅海，张福锁．根际微生物研究进展[J].土壤，2006，38(2)：113-121．
[5]姜培坤，徐秋芳，周国模，等，种植绿肥对板栗林土壤养分和生物学性质的影响[J]．北京林业大学学报，2007，29(3)：120-124．
[6]李全胜，吴建军，严力蛟，等．下垫面性状对农林系统微生态环境的影响[J]．生态学报，1999，19(3)：329-334．
[7]霍颖，张杰，王美超，等．梨园行间种草对土壤有机质和矿质元素变化及相互关系的影响[J].中国农业科学，2011，44(7)：1415-1424.
[8]卢向阳，徐筠，林峰．栗园利用多年生覆盖植物控制杂草的初步研究[J]．植物保护，2006，32(6)：91-94．
[9]魏巍，孔云，张玉萍，等，梨园芳香植物间作区中国梨木虱子与其天敌类群的相互作用[J]．生态学报，2010，30(8)：2063-2074．
[10]魏力军，刘晓辉，刘鸣远．二月兰根系发育形态学研究[J]．植物研究，1995,15(3)：377-381．
[11]成文竞，崔建宇，闵凡华，等．三种草坪草的根系分布特征及其对土壤养分的影响[J].草业学报，2009，18(1)：179-183.
[12] Trasar-Cepeda C,Camina F,Leiros M C,et aL An improved method to measure catalase activity in soils[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1999, 31(3)：483-485．
[13]王世强，胡长玉，程东华，等，调节茶园土壤pH对其土著微生物区系及生理群的影响[J]．土壤，2011，43 (1)：76-80．
[14] Kandeler E.Gerber H.Short-term assay of soil urease activity using colorimetric determination of ammonium[J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils,1988,6：68-72．
[15]阮敬．SAS统计分析从入门到精通[M]．北京：人民邮电出版社，2009．
[16]张强，魏钦平，齐鸿雁，等．北京果园土壤养分和pH与微生物数量的相关分析及优化方案[J].果树学报，2011，28 (1)：15-19.
[17]李艳丽，赵化兵，谢凯，等，不同土壤管理方式对梨园土壤微生物及养分含量的影响[J].土壤，2012，44(5)：788-793.
[18]岳中辉，王博文，王洪峰，等，松嫩草原盐碱土过氧化物酶活性及其与肥力因素的关系[J]．草地学报，2009，17(3)：294-297．
[19]李发林，黄炎和，刘长全，等．土壤管理模式对幼龄果园根际土壤养分和酶活性影响初探[J].福建农业学报，2002，17(2)：112-115.
[20]张丽莉．武志杰，陈利军，等，不同种植制度土壤氧化还原酶活性和动力学特征[J]．生态环境学报，2009，18 (1)：343-347．
相似文献/References:
[1]范 延 辉,王 君,郭 洪 燕,等.根际微生物 BZ-1的分离及其抗菌促生特性[J].北方园艺,2009,33(10):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.2009010043]
FAN Yan -hui,W ANG Jun,GUO Hong-yan,et al.Isolation of Rhizosphere MicroorganismBZ -1 and Its Antibacterial and Growth Promoting Property[J].Northern Horticulture,2009,33(13):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.2009010043]
[2]葛红莲,纪秀娥.黄瓜根际解钾细菌的分离筛选、鉴定及其促生效果[J].北方园艺,2017,41(13):21.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20164683]
GE Honglian,JI Xiue.Screening，Identification and Promoting Effects of Potassium-solubilizing Bacteria in Rhizosphere of Cucumber[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(13):21.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20164683]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：张蕊(1987-)，女，硕士研究生，现主要从事植物分子生态学等研究工作。E-mail：zhangrui20@aliyun.com.