JIN Fang-lun,ZHOU Guang-ping,LI Ming,et al.Study on Rule of Flowering and Fruit set of Early ‘Wenzhou’ Mandarin[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(04):8-12.
早熟温州蜜柑的开花坐果规律研究
- Title:
- Study on Rule of Flowering and Fruit set of Early ‘Wenzhou’ Mandarin
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2012)04-0008-05
- Keywords:
- early ‘Wenzhou’ mandarin; flowering; fruit-set; rule
- 分类号:
- S 666.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以早熟温州蜜柑为试材，连续4 a（2008～2011）调查早熟温州蜜柑的开花结果习性，对其开花坐果动态影响因素进行研究。结果表明：各类结果母枝的开花量和坐果率有明显差异，早秋梢结果母枝、夏梢结果母枝和晚秋梢结果母枝的效果之间，有叶花的坐果率与有叶花的坐果量之间存在显著差异水平，而晚秋梢结果母枝与春梢结果母枝的效果之间不存在显著差异水平；1 a有4次落花落果高峰期：第1次发生在5月13~27日；第2次发生在6月9~16日；第3次发生在8月11~18日；第4次发生在10月6~13日；在结果母梢上不同营养梢比例直接影响坐果率，营养梢的比例越小，其坐果率越高；栽植密度大或蛆花率大的果园，坐果率都较低；不同结果母枝长度能够影响坐果率；有叶花枝的叶片数量影响坐果率，4片叶的坐果率最高；留梢的位置在母枝的顶端和控制营养梢的数量越大，其效果越明显；建议生产上提高树体有叶花的比例和调节营养梢的发生量，从而缓解梢果矛盾和提高坐果率。
- Abstract:
- With early maturity ‘Wenzhou’ honey mandarin as test materials,the flowering of habits were surveyed,the flowering fruit-set dynamic influence were observed for four years (2008~2011).The results showed that all kinds of the mother flowering branch quantity and fruit-set rate had obvious difference,early autumn fruitting branch,summer fruitting branches and late autumn fruitting branches of the effect between,fruit setting rate and fruit setting quantity of flowers with leaves had significant differences level,but there was not significant difference betwee late autumn fruitting branch and spring fruitting branches；there were four times of flowers and fruit dropping peak in a year：first happened on May 13~27；second happened in June 9~16；third happened in August 11~18；the fourth time occurs on October 6~13；different nutritional shoots directly influenced the proportion fruit-set rate on fruiting branched,the smaller proportion of nutrition was,the higher the fruit-set rate was；in the high density or maggots flowers of orchard,the fruit-set rate was low；the different length of fruiting branch could influence the fruit-set rate；leaves quantity of flowering branches influenced fruit-set rate,four leaves of fruit-set rate was the highest；leave position at the top of the mother branch and control the greater the number of nutrition tip,the effect were the more obvious；suggestions on improving the production of trees which had the proportion of nutrition and adjust the amount of shoots,sought to be able to alleviate contradictions and improve fruit fruit-set rate.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：金方伦（1964-），男，高级农艺师，现从事果树研究工作。E-mail：jfl2016@163.com。收稿日期：2011-11-30