ZHANG Yongfang,QIN Zexuan,MIAO Tian,et al.Analysis of Phenotypic and Quality Diversity of Astragalus membranaceus From Different Geographical Origins[J].Northern Horticulture,2026,(10):1-10.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20253931]
不同地理来源黄芪表型及品质多样性分析
- Title:
- Analysis of Phenotypic and Quality Diversity of Astragalus membranaceus From Different Geographical Origins
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2026)10-0001-10
- Keywords:
- Astragalus; introduction; phenotype; quality diversity; Northern Shanxi region; germplasm screening
- 分类号:
- S567.239
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以陕西、山西、内蒙古、甘肃、宁夏5个生态区32份黄芪种质资源为试材，采用田间试验结合相关性分析法、ANOVA法及显著性分析法，测定并比较黄芪苗期株高、主茎粗、叶面积、叶绿素含量、根长、根鲜干质量、多糖含量、总黄酮含量与总皂苷含量，研究了其表型多样性及品质，以期为今后晋北地区黄芪选种及育种亲本选配提供参考依据。结果表明：来源于甘肃省陇南市礼县白河镇（HQ26）的黄芪根最长，为54.73 cm；内蒙古呼和浩特市武川县大青山乡（HQ13）的黄芪根鲜质量最大，为41.10 g；山西省忻州市繁峙县（HQ10）总黄酮含量最高，为0.59%；山西省大同市灵丘县赵北乡（HQ7）总皂苷含量最高，为1.00%；甘肃省定西市岷县梅川镇（HQ22）多糖含量最高，为2.59%。
- Abstract:
- Taking 32 Astragalus germplasm resources from five ecological regions (Shaanxi,Shanxi,Inner Mongolia,Gansu,and Ningxia) as test materials,field experiments combined with correlation analysis,ANOVA,and significance analysis were conducted,plant height,main stem diameter,leaf area,chlorophyll content,root length,fresh and dry root weight,polysaccharide content,total flavonoid content,and total saponin content were measured and compared.The phenotypic diversity and quality of the germplasm were investigated,in order to provide reference for future seed selection and breeding parent matching in northern Shanxi.The results showed that the Astragalus root from Baihe town,Lixian county,Longnan city,Gansu Province (HQ26) had the longest root length of 54.73 cm;the Astragalus root from Daqhingshan town,Wuchuan county,Hohhot city,Inner Mongolia (HQ13) had the heaviest fresh weight of 41.10 g;the Astragalus from Fanshi county,Xinzhou city,Shanxi Province (HQ10) had the highest total flavonoid content of 0.59%;the Astragalus from Zhaobei town,Lingqiu county,Datong city,Shanxi Province (HQ7) had the highest total saponin content of 1.00%;and the Astragalus from Meichuan town,Min county,Dingxi city,Gansu Province (HQ22) had the highest polysaccharide content of 2.59%.
参考文献/References:
［1］国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典-一部:2020年版［M］.北京:中国医药科技出版社,2020.［2］王剑.黄芪种质资源与优良品种的选育研究［J］.农业灾害研究,2022,12(7):173-175.［3］范信晖,李科,杨一丹,等.黄芪多糖的结构表征研究进展［J］.山西中医药大学学报,2022,23(3):260-267.［4］周振宇,姚彦斌.陇西县黄芪半仿野生栽培技术［J］.中国农技推广,2025,41(3):60-61,64.［5］董文静,李哲,张美,等.基于多指标含量测定的宁夏栽培黄芪质量研究［J］.宁夏医科大学学报,2024,46(12):1281-1287.［6］袁碧霞.黄芪栽培管理技术［J］.农业技术与装备,2024(10):89-90.［7］刘淑霞，沈玉江，杜春玉，等．基于ISSR分子标记的引种及野生蒙古黄芪遗传多样性分析［J］．分子植物育种，2025，23(12)：1-9．［8］沈玉江,杜春玉,刘淑霞,等.黑龙江省大庆地区黄芪引种适应性评价［J］.中国农学通报,2025,41(1):82-88.［9］郭淑红,李俊霖,田洪岭,等.基于多元统计分析方法对不同产地蒙古黄芪农家种在汾阳地区的引种适应性评价［J］.饲料研究,2025,48(2):187-193.［10］左敏,李广信,左静静,等.蒙古黄芪植株再生及增殖体系建立［J］.北方园艺,2024(6):93-100.［11］李晶晶,冉盼,王佳,等.膜荚黄芪组织培养及植株再生体系的建立［J］.北方园艺,2024(14):109-115.［12］牛成达,赵娜,王蔚杰,等.金昌地区药用植物黄芪引种对比试验［J］.农业开发与装备,2023(3):136-137.［13］LI Y,GUO S,ZHU Y,et al.Comparative analysis of twenty-five compounds in different parts of Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus and Astragalus membranaceus by UPLC-MS/MS［J］.Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis,2019,9(6):392-399.［14］胡秉芬,黄华梨,季元祖,等.分光光度法测定叶绿素含量的提取液的适宜浓度［J］.草业科学,2018,35(8):1965-1974.［15］孙宇,陈雪,唐守祥,等.黄芪中主要成分含量测定及其抗氧化活性研究［J］.化学试剂,2023,45(12):90-97.［16］刘娟,王良信,王凌诗.黄芪性状特征与物种及土壤条件相关性研究［J］.中国野生植物资源,1996(4):3-6.［17］牛景萍,燕翔,石志勇,等.黄芪根腐病病原菌的分离鉴定及对其抑制作用分析［J］.山西农业科学,2023,51(6):690-695.［18］李爱堂,张金霞,杨希文,等.高寒阴湿区施肥量对黄芪生长及产量的影响［J］.广东蚕业,2022,56(11):25-27.［19］马爱环,程会军,伍志伟,等.黄芪多糖生物活性及其生物合成研究进展［J］.生物技术,2025,35(4):513-522.［20］LIU H,CHEN S,GUO C,et al.Astragalus polysaccharide protects neurons and stabilizes mitochondrial in a mouse model of Parkinson disease［J］.Medical Science Monitor,2018,24:5192-5199.［21］高伟城,王小平,李鑫如,等.不同产地黄芪的多指标质量评价研究［J］.山西中医药大学学报,2024,25(5):508-513.［22］丁建海,马婧,何小男,等.超声辅助提取黄芪多糖的工艺研究［J］.应用化工,2018,47(8):1678-1679,1683.［23］马传贵,张志秀,王如良,等.黄芪多糖的提取、结构及生物活性研究［J］.特种经济动植物,2024,27(10):124-128.
相似文献/References:
[1]江龙龙,苏雪,王瑞雪,等.早春观赏植物维西堇菜引种栽培试验[J].北方园艺,2013,37(04):61.
[2]张立微,李小梅,戴忠仁,等.芫荽新品种引种比较试验[J].北方园艺,2014,38(13):44.
ZHANG Li-wei,LI Xiao-mei,DAI Zhong-ren,et al.The Compared Experiment of Coriander New Varieties Introduction[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(10):44.
[3]王江波,王合理,吴翠云,等.十个引种红枣品种的抗寒性比较研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(12):18.
WANG Jiang-bo,WANG He-li,WU Cui-yun,et al.Comparative Study on Cold Resistance of Ten Varieties of Introduced Ziziphus jujuba Mill.[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(10):18.
[4]郑春雨,程英魁,杨〓雪,等.郁金香在北方寒地冬季引种栽培研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(22):64.
ZHENG Chun-yu,CHENG Ying-kui,YANG Xue,et al.Study on Introduction and Cultivation of Tulip in the Northern Winter[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(10):64.
[5]张冬菊,张 晓,吴鹏夫,等.基于层次分析法的切花菊引种适应性评价[J].北方园艺,2013,37(22):82.
ZHANG Dong-ju,ZHANG Xiao,WU Peng-fu,et al.Introduction Adaptability Evaluation of Cut Chrysanthemum Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(10):82.
[6]赵培强,王伟红,赵庆芳.五种中草药对黄芪化感作用的研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(22):160.
ZHAO Pei-qiang,WANG Wei-hong,ZHAO Qing-fang.Study on Allelopathic Effects of Five Chinese Herbal Medicines on Astragalus membranaceus [J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(10):160.
[7]牛来春,万珠珠,樊佳奇,等.野生观赏植物乌饭树的引种栽培试验[J].北方园艺,2013,37(13):73.
NIU Lai-chun,WAN Zhu-zhu,FAN Jia-qi,et al.Introduction and Cultivation Test of the Wild Ornamental of Vaccinium[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(10):73.
[8]迟丽华,郑永春.吉林地区苦苣新品种引种比较试验[J].北方园艺,2014,38(06):32.
CHI Li-hua,ZHENG Yong-chun.Variety Test of New Introduced Cichorium endivia L.in Jilin[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(10):32.
[9]陈艳瑞,王永红,刘康,等.新疆干旱荒漠区优良树种生态栽培区划研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(14):98.
CHEN Yan-rui,WANG Yong-hong,LIU Kang,et al.Study on Ecological Cultivation Regionalization of Several Fine Trees of Protection Forest in the Arid Desert of Xinjiang[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(10):98.
[10]岳海英,黄 岳,冯学梅,等.宁夏甜樱桃引种试验及其日光温室栽培技术[J].北方园艺,2014,38(08):38.
YUE Hai-ying,HUANG Yue,FENG Xue-mei,et al.Introduction Experiment of Sweet Cherries and Its Cultivation Techniques in Solar Greenhouse[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(10):38.
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：张永芳（1982-），女，博士，副教授，现主要从事植物学等研究工作。E-mail:zyf_208@163.com.基金项目：山西省基础研究计划资助项目 （202503021211217）；山西省高等学校教学改革创新资助项目（J20241147）；山西省一流课程资助项目（K2024111）。收稿日期：2025-11-14